LOCATION ABBEYLAKE MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mixed, frigid Typic Udipsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Abbeylake loamy sand with a convex, northwest facing slope of 14 percent on an outwash plain in a pastured field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loamy sand, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; 3 percent gravel; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 9 inches thick)
Bw--8 to 24 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) coarse sand; single grain; loose; 3 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (10 to 36 inches thick)
C1--24 to 45 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sand; single grain; loose; few carbonate coatings on underside of pebbles; 4 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.
C2--45 to 80 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) coarse sand; single grain; loose; few carbonate coatings on underside of pebbles; 5 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Becker County, Minnesota; about 4 miles southeast of Detroit Lakes; 800 feet east and 1600 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 13, T.138N., R.41W; USGS Detroit Lakes quadrangle, Lat. 46 degrees 45 minutes 53 seconds N. and Long. 95 degrees 48 minutes 48 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to free carbonates ranges form 15 to 40 inches. The series control section averages more than 15 percent coarse and very coarse sand and 0 to 10 percent gravel. The soil moisture control section is dry for 20 to 35 consecutive days during the 120 days following the summer solstice.
The A or Ap horizons have hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 to 3. It is loamy sand or loamy coarse sand. Some pedons may be sandy loam or coarse sandy loam but are less than 7 inches thick. It is slightly acid or neutral. Some pedons have an AB horizon.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 to 5 and chroma of 3 or 4. It is sand, coarse sand, loamy sand or loamy coarse sand. It is slightly acid or neutral.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6 and chroma of 3 or 4. It is sand or coarse sand. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Cantlin(T), Claire, Corliss(T), Feldtman(T), Friendship, Grayling, Mahtomedi, Menahga, Nymore, Omega, Plainbo, Sartell, Serden, Shawano and Sunday soils. Cantlin and Friendship soils have redoximorphic features in the lower part of the series control section. Claire soils are dry in the soil moisture control section for 35 to 45 consecutive days for 120 days following the summer solstice. Corliss and Mahtomedi soils have 10 to 35 percent rock fragments in the series control section. Feldtman, Menahga and Nymore soils do not have free calcium carbonate in the series control section. Grayling, Omega, Sartell, Serden and Shawano soils have less than 15 percent coarse and very coarse sand in the series control section. Plainbo soils have a paralithic contact within a depth of 40 inches. Sunday soils have an irregular decrease in organic matter with depth.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Abbeylake soils have plane or convex slopes on glacial outwash plains, valley trains, and moraines. Slope gradients range from 0 to 45 percent. They formed in sandy glacial outwash sediments. The mean annual air temperature ranges from 38 to 42 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 22 to 28 inches. Frost-free days range from 90 to 130. Elevation above sea level ranges from 1000 to 1600 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Forada, Markey, Oylen, Seelyeville, Sverdrup and Verndale soils. The poorly drained Forada soils are on nearly level low-lying areas. The very poorly drained Markey and Seelyeville soils are in depressions. The moderately well drained Oylen soils are on lower lying positions. The well drained Sverdrup and Verndale soils are on less sloping positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Excessively drained. Surface runoff is slow to medium. Permeability is rapid.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for cropland, hayland or pastureland. The more steeply sloping areas are in woodland. Native vegetation is mixed forest and prairie grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: West central and north central Minnesota. This series is inextensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Becker County, Minnesota, 1994.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: Ochric epipedon--the zone from the surface to a depth of 8 inches (A horizon).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to MAES Central File Code No. 4572 for results of some laboratory data on a representative pedon. Soil Interpretation Record number MN0650.