LOCATION ASHIPPUN WI

Established Series
Rev. HFG-AAC
01/2011

ASHIPPUN SERIES

The Ashippun series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils formed in a thin mantle of loess and in the underlying loam till which contains shale fragments. These soils are on ground moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 6 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 787 mm(31 inches). Mean annual air temperature is about 8.9 degrees C (48 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Aquollic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Ashippun silt loam - on a 3 percent convex slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 270 meters (885 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate medium and fine granular structure; friable; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 23 cm (6 to 9 inches) thick]

E--20 to 28 cm (8 to 11 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, very pale brown (10YR 8/3) dry; weak thick platy structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; friable; few fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. [0 to 18 cm (0 to 7 inches) thick]

Bt1--28 to 51 cm (11 to 20 inches); olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) silty clay loam; strong medium angular blocky structure; firm; nearly continuous distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; common fine distinct grayish brown(10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. [13 to 31 cm (5 to 12 inches) thick]

2Bt2--51 to 66 cm (20 to 26 inches); olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) and light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; distinct very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; many fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; many fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; many fine shale fragments; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. [13 to 31 cm (5 to 12 inches) thick]

2BC--66 to 76 cm (26 to 30 inches); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) and light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; tendancy to break to weak thick plates along horizontal cleavage planes inherited from the parent material; very friable; segregated lime; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; about 12 percent pebbles, cobbles, and shale fragments ; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. [8 to 25 cm (3 to 10 inches) thick]

2C2--76 to 152 cm (30 to 60 inches); light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) and light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) loam; weakly stratified; friable; about 10 percent coarse fragments ; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Dodge County, Wisconsin; about 1 1/2 miles northwest of Iron Ridge; 2,300 feet south and 1,000 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 14, T. 11 N., R. 16 E. USGS Mayville South, Wisconsin topographicquadrangle; lat. 43 degrees 25 minutes 20 seconds N., and long. 88 degrees 33 minutes 28 seconds W., NAD 27.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the loess mantle: 25 to 51 cm (10 to 20 inches)
Depth to the base of soil development and to carbonates: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Particle-size control section: averages 24 and 35 percent clay, 15 to 50 percent fine sand or coarser
Volume of partially weathered shale fragments less than 3 inches in size: 5 to 25 percent in the 2B and 2C horizons Volume of rock fragments larger than 3 inches in size: 0 to 10 percent
Reaction: neutral or slightly alkaline in the upper part of the soil, slightly or moderately alkaline in the lower part
Carbonates: typically in the lower part of the 2B horizon, always in the 2C horizon
Redox features: redox accumulations typically throughout the soil below the A horizon; redox depletions with chroma of 2 or less within the upper 25 cm (10 inches) of the argillic horizon

A or Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silt loam

E horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam

Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: silty clay loam or silt loam

2Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: lloam, clay loam or the shaly analogues

2BC horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: loam or shaley loam

2C horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 4
Texture: loam or shaly loam

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Alida, Kibbie, Lourdes, Marker, Montmorenci, and Symco series. All of these soils except Alida are without shale fragments in the series control section. Alida soils do not have carbonates within the series control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Ashippun soils are on ground moraines. Slope gradients range from 0 to 6 percent. These soils formed in a thin mantle of loess and in the underlying loam or shaly loam till. They are near the base of the Niagara Escarpment in the vicinity of shale outcrops. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 710 to 890 mm (28 to 35 inches). The mean annual air temperature ranges from 7.8 to 10.6 degrees C (46 to 51 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are mainly the Neda soils that are the moderately well drained members of the drainage sequence. Neda soils also are on steeper gradients in more rolling topography.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Surface runoff is medium . Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high (1.41 to 4.23 micrometers per second). Permeability is moderately slow. These soils have a perched seasonal high water table at a depth of 31 to 61 cm (1 to 2 feet).

USE AND VEGETATION: Much of this soil is drained and used for cropland. Principal crops are corn, small grain, and forage. Native vegetation is deciduous forest, probably maple and basswood with a few scattered prairies.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 95B. These soils are only in Dodge County, Wisconsin. Ashippun soils are of small extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Dodge County, Wisconsin, l969.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and feature recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - 0 to 28 cm (0 to 11 inches) (Ap, E); argillic horizon - 28 to 66 cm (11 to 26 inches) (Bt1 and 2Bt2 ); aquic feature redox depletions with chroma of 2 or less and saturation in the upper 25 cm (10 inches) of the argillic horizon ; mollic subgroup Ap horizon with color value and chroma, moist, less than 4 and color value, dry, less than 6.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.