LOCATION AVANS KSEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Udic Argiustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Avans loam in a cultivated field. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap1--0 to 5 inches (0 to 13 centimeters); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots throughout; 20 percent clay; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Ap2--5 to 10 inches (13 to 25 centimeters); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and medium roots throughout; 20 percent clay; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness ranges from 8 to 15 inches; 20 to 38 centimeters thick)
BA--10 to 14 inches (25 to 36 centimeters); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots throughout; 22 percent clay; common distinct continuous very dark gray (10YR 3/1), moist, organic coats on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness ranges from 0 to 8 inches; 0 to 20 centimeters thick)
Bt1--14 to 19 inches (36 to 48 centimeters); brown (10YR 5/3) clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate fine prismatic structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; slightly hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common fine and medium roots throughout; 30 percent clay; few faint discontinuous dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), moist, clay films on faces of peds and few distinct discontinuous very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), moist, organic coats on faces of peds and in pores; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt2--19 to 30 inches (48 to 76 centimeters); brown (7.5YR 5/3) loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine roots throughout; 26 percent clay; 27 percent sand; few faint discontinuous brown (7.5YR 4/3), moist, clay films on faces of peds; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt3--30 to 43 inches (76 to 109 centimeters); brown (7.5YR 5/4) loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots throughout; 22 percent clay; few faint discontinuous brown (7.5YR 4/3), moist, clay films on faces of peds; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt4--43 to 53 inches (109 to 134 centimeters); strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) silt loam, strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) moist; few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; 20 percent clay; very few faint patchy brown (7.5YR 4/3), moist, clay films on faces of peds; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (Thickness ranges from 20 to 48 inches; 50 to 122 centimeters thick).
Btk1--53 to 65 inches (134 to 165 centimeters); strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) silt loam, strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) moist; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots throughout; 22 percent clay; very few faint patchy brown (7.5YR 4/4), moist, clay films in root channels and or in pores and very few distinct discontinuous dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), moist, organic coats on faces of peds and in pores and few distinct continuous carbonate coats in root channels and or in pores; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
Btk2--65 to 80 inches (165 to 203 centimeters); strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) loam, strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) moist; few fine distinct reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots throughout; 21 percent clay; very few faint patchy brown (7.5YR 4/4), moist, clay films in root channels and or in pores and few distinct discontinuous organic coats in root channels and or in pores and few distinct continuous carbonate coats in root channels and or pores; slightly alkaline. (Thickness ranges from 0 to 40 inches; 0 to 102 centimeters).
TYPE LOCATION: Reno County, Kansas; 1 mile (1.6 kilometers) north and 3 miles (4.8 kilometers) west of Haven; 1745 feet (532 meters) north and 90 feet (27 meters) east of the southwest corner of sec. 36 T. 24 S. R. 5 W.; (USGS Haven topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 55 minutes 1 seconds N. and long. 97 degrees 49 minutes 45.1 seconds W)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture regime: ustic moisture regime (bordering on udic)
Soil temperature regime: mesic (bordering on thermic)
Mean annual soil temperature: 56 to 58 degrees F (13 to 14 degrees C).
Particle-size control section: 13 to 34 percent clay
Depth to bedrock: greater than 80 inches (203 centimeters)
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: greater than 40 inches (102 centimeters)
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 18 inches (25 to 46 centimeters)
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 (dry) 2 or 3 (moist)
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: loam or silt loam
Reaction: moderately acid or strongly acid
BA horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 (dry) 2 or 3 (moist)
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam or loam
Reaction: moderately acid or strongly acid
Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 7 (dry) 3 to 5 (moist)
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loam, silty clay loam, silt loam,or clay loam
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral
Btk horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 7 (dry) 3 to 5 (moist)
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loam, silty clay loam, silt loam, or clay loam
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Geary (KS) and Holder (NE) soils. Geary and Holder soils are formed in loess and occur higher on the landscape.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Avans soils
Parent material: loamy alluvium
Landform: paleo-terraces
Slopes: 0 to 8 percent
Elevation: 1200 to 1600 feet (365.8 to 487.7 meters)
Mean annual air temperature: 55 to 57 degrees F (13 to 14 degrees C).
Mean annual precipitation: 28 to 32 inches (71 to 81 centimeters)
Wettest months: Mar. - Oct.
Driest months: Nov. - Feb.
Frost-free period: 187 to 225 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Clark, Ost, Penalosa and Taver series. Clark soils sit lower on the paleo-terrace, and do not contain an argillic horizon. Ost soils also sit lower on the paleo-terrace and contain more carbonates at shallower depths than Avans soils. Penalosa and Taver soils are fine textured and sit higher on the paleo-terrace on broad flats.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: well drained.
Runoff: low to medium
Permeability: moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly cultivated to alfalfa, grain sorghum, and small grains. Native vegetation was tall grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: South Central Kansas. LRR H Great Plains Winter Wheat and Range, MLRA 79 Great Bend Sand Plains. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Reno County, Kansas; 1999
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: The zone from 0 to 14 inches (0 to 36 cm) (A, Ap, BA)
Argillic horizon: The zone from 14 to 80 inches (36 to 203 cm) (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Bt4, Btk1, Btk2)
Keys to Soil Taxonomy: Eighth edition, 1998
ADDITIONAL DATA: Pedon No. 91P783 by NSSL- Lincoln is available on line:
http://ssldata.sc.egov.usda.gov/rptExecute.asp?p=18205&r=1&submit1=Get+Report
AVANS SERIES
LRR=H
DATE: 12/9/99
Avans was formerly mapped as Vanoss. During the update of the Reno County soil survey, the temperature regime was modified to mesic.