LOCATION BAUMGARD WAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, isotic, mesic Andic Haplohumults
TYPICAL PEDON: Baumgard loam - forested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Oi--1 to 0.5 inch; undecomposed forest litter, needles, twigs, bark and moss. (0.5 to 1.5 inches thick)
Oa--0.5 inch to 0; decomposed needles, twigs, and bark. (0.25 to 1 inch thick)
A1--0 to 7 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) loam, reddish gray (5YR 5/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, weakly smeary, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine, medium and coarse roots; many fine irregular pores; 5 percent dark brown shot-size concretions; moderately acid (pH 5.6); clear wavy boundary.
A2--7 to 15 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) loam, reddish brown (5YR 5/3) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, weakly smeary, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many medium and coarse roots; many fine and very fine irregular pores; 10 percent hard shot-size concretions; 5 percent pebbles; moderately acid (pH 5.6); clear irregular boundary. (Combined thickness of A horizon is 10 to 17 inches)
2Bt1--15 to 24 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) clay loam, light reddish brown (5YR 6/3) dry; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, sticky and plastic; few, thin, patchy clay films on faces of peds; many fine and medium roots; many fine tubular pores; 5 percent pebbles; strongly acid (pH 5.5); gradual wavy boundary.
2Bt2--24 to 31 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay loam, light reddish brown (5YR 6/4) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; common thin patchy clay films on faces of peds; common medium and fine roots; common fine and medium tubular pores; 10 percent pebbles; strongly acid (pH 5.2); clear wavy boundary.
2Bt3--31 to 46 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) very gravelly clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; massive; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; clay films around rock fragments and in pores; 40 percent pebbles and cobbles; strongly acid (pH 5.2); clear irregular boundary. (Combined thickness of 2Bt horizon is 30 to more than 40 inches)
2R--46 inches; finely fractured andesite.
TYPE LOCATION: Lewis County, Washington; 8 miles northeast of Onalaska; adjacent to Lucas plot #1, Alpha Peak area, Weyerhaeuser Company, Vail Tree Farm in the SW1/4 NE1/4 sec. 35 T. 14 N., R. 1 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: These soils are usually moist but are dry in the moisture control section for 45 to 60 days following the summer solstice. Depth to bedrock ranges from 40 to more than 60 inches. Rock fragments in the particle-size control section average from 10 to 35 percent and are dominantly pebbles and cobbles. Average annual soil temperature ranges from 47 to 51 degrees F.
The A horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry, and chroma of 2 or 3 moist, 2 to 4 dry. It is slightly acid to strongly acid.
Some pedons have a BA horizon.
The 2Bt horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10 YR and value of 3 or 4 moist, 4 through 6 dry and chroma of 3 through 6 moist or dry. The fine earth fraction is clay loam, silt loam, silty clay loam or loam. Pebbles and cobbles range from 5 to 25 percent in the upper part and from 15 to 50 percent in the lower part. Reaction is slightly acid to very strongly acid..
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Asta, Germany and Raught series in other families. Asta soils have an ochric epipedon and are dry for more than 60 consecutive days. Germany and Raught soils have a udic moisture regime. In addition, Germany and Raught soils are clayey.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Baumgard soils are on foothills and mountains. Slopes are 5 to 90 percent. Elevation ranges from 200 to 1,800 feet. Baumgard soils formed in volcanic ash and residuum and colluvium from andesite and volcanic ash. Average annual precipitation ranges from 55 to 70 inches. Average January temperature is about 36 degrees F, average July temperature is about 62 degrees F, and the average annual temperature is about 48 degrees F. The growing season (28 degrees F) is 150 to 225 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Mashel, Newaukum, Olympic, Pheeney, Rainier, and Schneider soils. Mashel, Olympic, and Rainier soils have a fine textured argillic horizon. Newaukum soils are medial. Pheeney soils have more than 35 percent rock fragments in the particle-size control section and are 20 to 40 inches deep to a lithic contact. Schneider soils are loamy-skeletal
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for timber production, watershed and wildlife habitat. Native vegetation is Douglas-fir, western hemlock, red alder, western redcedar, and bigleaf maple with an understory of vine maple, Oregongrape, red huckleberry, western brackenfern, salal, western swordfern, bedstraw, longtube twinflower and tree seedlings.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western slopes of the Cascade mountain foothills in southwestern Washington. Series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lewis County, Washington, 1979.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are an umbric epipedon from the mineral surface to 15 inches, an argillic horizon from 15 to 46 inches, and a lithologic change from medial to fine-loamy at 15 inches. This description reflects a change in classification based on amendment 16. The upper 7 to 14 inches has an estimated moist bulk density of less than 1.00 g/cc, volcanic glass content of less than 5 percent, acid-oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half iron of more than 2 percent. Bulk density is more than 0.90 g/cc below 14 inches.