LOCATION BRAND OREstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive, acid, mesic Typic Endoaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Brand silty clay loam, on a 2 percent slope in a cultivated pasture. When described the soils were moist. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and plastic; many very fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid (pH 5.2); clear smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
A--8 to 15 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak medium and fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, sticky and plastic; common very fine roots; many fine and very fine tubular pores; common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid (pH 5.2); clear smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
Bw--15 to 26 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to weak fine subangular blocky; very hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; many fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; many large black stains on faces of peds; strongly acid (pH 5.4); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 12 inches thick)
BCt--26 to 50 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak coarse prismatic and weak very coarse subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; many fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation and light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; common faint clay films in pores; many large black stains on faces of peds; strongly acid (pH 5.4); clear wavy boundary. (9 to 24 inches thick)
C--50 to 60 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; massive; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation and light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; slightly acid (pH 6.2).
TYPE LOCATION: Douglas County, Oregon; 2 1/4 miles southwest of Umpqua Post Office in Coles Valley; 1,350 feet north and 1,475 feet west of the southeast corner of section 36, T. 25 S., R. 7 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: These soils are usually moist and are saturated with water several months each year when not artificially drained. The mean annual soil temperature ranges from 52 to 57 degrees F. The soil is more than 60 inches deep. The sola are 40 to 50 inches thick. They are usually free from rock fragments but some pedons have 5 to 15 percent gravel and cobbles. The soil reaction in the control section ranges from slightly acid to strongly acid. Redox concentrations and/or depletions range from faint to prominent and chroma of 2 through 8. Some pedons lack redox concentrations in the surface 6 or 8 inches.
The A horizon has value of 3 or 4 moist and 6 or 7 dry and chroma of 1 or 2 moist and dry. Soil reaction is moderately acid to strongly acid.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5 moist, 5 or 6 dry, and chroma of 2 or 3 moist and dry. It is silty clay or clay and averages 40 to 55 percent clay.
The C horizon or the BCt horizon below the depth of 40 inches commonly is clay with 60 to 75 percent clay but it is stratified fine and moderately fine in some pedons.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Brand soils are in basins and on low stream terraces in channels. Elevation is 400 to 1,500 feet. Slopes are 0 to 3 percent. The soils formed in alluvium from mixed but dominantly sedimentary materials. The climate is characterized by warm and dry summers and cool and moist winters. The mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 to 60 inches. The mean annual temperature is 50 to 55 degrees F. The average January temperature is 39 degrees F., and the average July temperature is 66 to 69 degrees F. The frost-free period is 160 to 235 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Redbell, Sutherlin Oakland, and Waldo soils. Sutherlin, Oakland, and Redbell soils have an argillic horizon and are moderately well drained, and somewhat poorly drained respectively. Waldo soils have mollic epipedons.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained; slow permeability; the apparent water table is near or at the soil surface from November to May.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are primarily used for improved pasture. Other areas of less extent are used for wheat, barley and oats. Native vegetation is ash, willow, grasses, and sedges.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Umpqua Valleys of west-central Oregon; MLRA 5. The series is not extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Douglas County, Oregon, 1994.
REMARKS: The 1994 draft reflects a change in classification from Aeric Haplaquepts to Typic Endoaquepts.
The activity class was added to the classification in March of 2003. Competing series were not checked at that time. - ET
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized:
Ochric epipedon
Cambic horizon - the zone from 15 to 26 inches (Bw horizon)
Aquepts feature - the zone from 15 to 26 inches (Bw horizon) having aquic conditions for some time in most years and chroma of 2 with redox concentrations.
Endosaturation