LOCATION BRUNDAGE                TX

Established Series
Rev. WJG-RM-CKH
02/2018

BRUNDAGE SERIES

The Brundage series consists of very deep, moderately well drained, very slowly permeable soils that formed in saline loamy alluvium. These soils are on drainageways and stream terraces. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual temperature is about 22 degrees C (72 degrees F) and mean annual precipitation is about 56 cm (21 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, hyperthermic Aridic Natrustalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Brundage fine sandy loam on a southeact facing, 1 percent slope in rangeland; elevation is 220 meters (720 feet). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 8 cm (0 to 3 in); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) fine sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine roots; 6mm (1/4 in) platy crust on surface; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 31 cm [1 to 12 in] thick)

Btn--8 to 23 cm (3 to 9 in); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sandy clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate medium and coarse columnar structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky and angular blocky; thin light gray (10YR 7/2) caps about 1.0 to 5.0 mm thick on columns; very hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; very few fine pores and root channels; few distinct clay films on surfaces of peds; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (8 to 51 cm [3 to 20 in] thick)

Btknz1--23 to 61 cm (9 to 24 in); brown (10YR 5/3) sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak medium and coarse columnar structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; very few fine pores and old root channels; few distinct clay films on surfaces of peds; 2 percent 1 to 2 mm masses and 2 percent threads of calcium carbonate; slightly saline; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 86 cm [4 to 34 in] thick)

Btknz2--61 to 97 cm (24 to 38 in); very pale brown (10YR 7/4) sandy clay loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; few fine and medium pores and root channels; 3 percent masses of calcium carbonate; moderately saline; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 58 cm [4 to 23 in] thick)

BCknz--97 to 203 cm (38 to 80 in); pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) sandy clay loam, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine and medium faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) masses of iron accumulation; 10 percent masses of calcium carbonate; moderately saline; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Maverick County, Texas; 2.3 miles east on U.S. Highway 277 from courthouse in Eagle Pass; 14.6 miles northeast on Texas Highway 57; 4.2 miles southwest on pipeline road; 150 feet west in rangeland. Indian Tank, Texas USGS topographic quadrangle. Latitude: 28 degrees, 47 minutes, 37 seconds N; Longitude: 100 degrees, 19 minutes, 26 seconds W.; NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil Moisture: An aridic ustic moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is moist in some or all parts for less than 90 consecutive days in normal years. June to August and December to February are the driest months, while September to November and March to May are the wettest months.
Solum thickness: 127 to more than 203 cm (50 to more than 80 in).
Mean annual soil temperature: 22 to 24 degrees C (72 to 75 degrees F).
Depth to argillic (natric) horizon: 3 to 31 cm (1 to 12 in), corresponding to the thickness of the A horizon
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 15 to 56 cm (6 to 22 in)
Depth to redox concentrations: 64 to 100 (25 to 40 in)
Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 22 to 35 percent
Coarse Fragments: 0 to 5 percent
CEC/clay ratio: 0.60 to 0.80

A horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or loam. Some Ap horizons are sandy clay loam
Clay content: 10 to 20 percent
Base saturation: 75 to 100
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 1 percent
Electrical Conductivity (dS/m): 1 to 4
Gypsum: 0 to 1 percent
Sodium Adsorption Ratio:: 0 to 12
Effervescence: none or very slight
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral

Btn and Btknz horizons
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: sandy clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 22 to 35 percent
Clay films: few to many, faint to prominent, on surfaces of peds or lining pores
Redox accumulations: upper part- none to few, fine to medium, faint to distinct on surfaces and interiors of peds; lower part- few to common, fine and medium, faint to prominent, on ped surfaces and interiors
Redox depletions: upper part- none; lower part- none to few, fine to medium, faint to distinct, on surfaces of peds
Coarse fragments: 0 to 5 percent
Base saturation: 100 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 20 percent
Identifiable secondary carbonate: 1 to 19 percent, fine to medium, in the form of films and masses
Electrical Conductivity (dS/m): 2 to 16 in the upper part and 8 to 16 in the lower part
Gypsum: 0 to 5 percent
Sodium Adsorption Ratio:: 15 to 40 in the upper part and 5 to 40 in the lower part
Effervescence: very slight to violent
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline in the upper part and slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline in the lower part

BCknz horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 8
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 22 to 30 percent
Redox accumulations: few to common, fine and medium, faint to prominent
Redox depletions: none to few, fine and medium, faint to distinct
Coarse fragments: 0 to 5
Base saturation: 100 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 50 percent
Identifiable secondary carbonate: 1 to 19 percent, fine to medium in the form of films and masses
Electrical Conductivity (dS/m): 8 to 16
Gypsum: 0 to 5 percent
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 5 to 50
Reaction: moderately alkaline

In some pedons, below 127 cm (50 in), the C horizon is sandy clay loam, clay loam, or these textures are intermingled with soft shale fragments or fractured soft shale or soft siltstone bedrock that slakes to clay loam or clay.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series in the same family. Similar soils are Archin (SD), Imogene (TX), Palobia (TX), Toston (MT), and Willamar (TX) series.
Archin and Toston soils: have a frigid soil temperature regime.
Imogene soils: have a dark colored surface horizon and are moist in the soil moisture control section for longer periods.
Palobia soils: have aquic conditions in the upper part of the argillic horizon, are moist in the soil moisture control section for longer periods, and have lithologic discontinuities
Willamar soils: are moist in the soil moisture control section for longer periods and formed in stratified loamy alluvium of marine or deltaic origin.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: saline, loamy alluvium
Landform: stream terraces and flood-plain steps on drainageways.
Slope: 0 to 3 percent
Mean annual air temperature range: 21 to 23 degrees C (70 to 74 degrees F).
Mean annual precipitation range: 508 and 660 mm (20 to 26 in)
Frost-free period: 280 to 365 days
Elevation: 168 to 229 m (550 to 750 ft)
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: range 20 to 30.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Brennan (TX), Catarina (TX), Dant (TX), Garceno (TX), Monwebb (TX), and Montell (TX) series.
Brennan soils: do not have natric horizon; and are on a landscape similar position.
Catarina and Montell soils: are clayey throughout; have slickensides; occur on similar landscape position.
Monwebb soils: are clayey throughout; have slickensides; and are on a floodplain.
Dant and Garceno soils: do not have an argillic horizon; occur on a higher landscape position.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Permeability is very slow. Runoff is high on slopes less than 1 percent and very high on 1 to 3 percent slopes.

USE AND VEGETATION: Used as rangeland and wildlife habitat. Native vegetation presently includes such grasses as red grama, threeawn, Hall's panicum, pink pappusgrass, hooded windmillgrass, sand dropseed, and Arizona cottontop. Woody plants include mesquite, blackbrush, whitebrush, condalia, guyacan, twisted acacia, and a few cacti.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western and Central Rio Grande Plain, Texas; LRR I; MLRA 83B and 83C; large extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Maverick County, Texas, 1972,

REMARKS: Classification change from Ustollic Natrargids to Aridic Natrustalfs based on geographic distribution of the series, rainfall patterns, and vegetative production and composition. The soil has an ustic soil moisture regime that borders on the aridic soil moisture regime.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle size control section: 8 to 58 cm (3 to 23 in). (upper 51 cm (20 in) of the argillic horizon)
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 8 cm (0 to 3 in). (A horizon)
Natric horizon: 8 to 97 cm (3 to 38 in). (Btn and Btknz horizons)

ADDITIONAL DATA: Exchangeable sodium and related analysis determined by Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE; Soil Nos. S70-Tex-162-1; Lab Nos. 70L118-70L122; June 1970. The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from surrounding counties in the same region. Texas A&M data number S80TX-479-001.

TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.