LOCATION CAID TX

Established Series
WJG-JKW-CKH
02/2018

CAID SERIES

The Caid series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in loamy calcareous alluvium of Quaternary age. These nearly level to gently sloping soils occur on stream terraces. Slope ranges from 0 to 5 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 635 mm (25 in) and the mean annual temperature is about 21.1 degrees C (70 degrees F.)

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, hyperthermic Aridic Paleustolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Caid sandy clay loam, on a west facing, 2 percent slope in rangeland; elevation is 254 meters (835 feet). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A--0 to 30 cm (0 to 12 in); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) sandy clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; many fine roots; few fine pores and old root channels; few calcium carbonate concretions less than 1 mm in diameter; few snail shell fragments; thin crust on soil surface; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. Thickness is 18 to 51 cm (7 to 20 in)

Btk1--30 to 64 cm (12 to 25 in); brown (10YR 5/3) sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky; hard, friable; many fine roots; many fine pores and old root channels; many thin clay films on faces of peds; few wormcasts; few calcium carbonate concretions less than 2 mm in diameter; few threads and films of calcium carbonate; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. Thickness is 25 to 64 cm (10 to 25 in)

Btk2--64 to 89 cm (25 to 35 in); pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay loam; brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm; few roots; few fine pores and old root channels; many clay films on faces of peds; few wormcasts; contains an estimated 5 percent by volume of calcium carbonate concretions up to 1.25 cm (3/4 in) in diameter; few fine black-brown concretions; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. Thickness is 0 to 38 cm (0 to 15 in)

Btk3--89 to 122 cm (35 to 48 in); light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sandy clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm; few fine roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds; about 30 percent by volume of masses and concretions of calcium carbonate; few black masses 1 to 3 mm in size; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. Thickness is 20 to 46 cm (8 to 18 in)

Btk4--122 to 157 cm (48 to 62 in); reddish yellow (7.5YR 7/6) sandy clay loam, reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) moist; moderate fine and medium angular blocky structure; very hard, firm; few faint clay films on faces of peds; about 20 percent by volume of masses and concretions of calcium carbonate; few black masses 1 to 3 mm in size; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. Thickness is 25 to 76 cm (10 to 30 in)

Btk5--157 to 193 cm (62 to 76 in); reddish yellow (7.5YR 7/6) sandy clay loam, reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) moist; moderate fine and medium angular blocky structure; very hard, firm; few faint clay films on faces of peds; about 10 percent by volume of masses and concretions of calcium carbonate; few black masses 1 to 3 mm in size; calcareous; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Uvalde County, Texas; From the intersection of U.S. Highway 90 and U.S. Highway 83 in Uvalde, Texas, 0.5 miles south to the intersection with Farm to Market Road 117, 0.9 miles south on Farm to Market Road 117 to intersection of Farm to Market Road 117 and Farm to Market Road 140, 10.5 miles southeast on Farm to Market Road 140 to Kincaid ranch gate number 15, 300 feet south on ranch road, and 100 feet east in rangeland.
USGS topographic quadrangle: Batesville, Texas;
Latitude: 29 degrees, 7 minutes, 25.20 seconds N;
Longitude: 99 degrees, 38 minutes, 20.83 seconds W.;
Datum: WGS84.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: An aridic ustic moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is moist in some or all parts for less than 90 consecutive days in normal years.
Mean annual soil temperature: 22 to 23 degrees C (72 to 74 degrees F).
Solum thickness ranges from 150 to 200 cm (60 to 80 in)
Thickness of mollic epipedon: 18 to 51 cm (7 to 20 in)
Depth to argillic: 18 to 51 cm (7 to 20 in)
Depth to calcic horizon: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 in)
Secondary forms of calcium carbonate occur in all horizons.

A Horizon
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: sandy clay loam, loam, very fine sandy loam
Clay content: 16 to 30 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 3 percent, by volume, 2 to 75 mm
Effervescence: slight to strong
Reaction (pH): neutral to moderately alkaline (6.6 - 8.4)

Btk Horizon (upper part)
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 27 to 35 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 3 percent, by volume, 2 to 75 mm
Effervescence: strong to violent
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline (7.4 - 8.4)

Btk Horizon (lower part)
Hue: 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 6 or 7
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 23 to 35 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 7 percent, by volume, 2 to 75 mm
Redox accumulations: 0 to 25 percent; hue: 5YR, 7.5YR; value: 4 to 7; chroma: 5 to 8
Effervescence: strong to violent
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4 - 8.4)

Some pedons have a Cr layer below 152 cm (60 in) that contains yellowish sandstone bedrock interbedded with shale bedrock.

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Jourdanton series in the same family. Similar soils are the Amphion, Hanis, and Poteet series.

Jourdanton soils: noncalcareous in the upper portion of the sola; do not have a calcic horizon within 1 meter of the surface.
Amphion and Hanis soils: have more than 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section.
Poteet soils: have a mollic epipedon more than 50 cm (20 in) thick.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: calcareous loamy alluvium of Quaternary age
Landform: stream and river terraces
Slope: 0 to 5 percent
Precipitation Pattern: The majority of the yearly rainfall occurs during the months of September to November and March to May, while June to August and December to February are the driest months.
Mean annual precipitation range: 508 to 711 mm (20 to 28 in)
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 26 to 36.
Mean annual air temperature range: 20.6 to 22.2 degrees C (69 to 72 degrees F)
Frost-free period: 255 to 290 days
Elevation: 91.4 to 304.8 m (300 to 1,000 ft)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include Brystal, Knippa, Leoncita, Pryor, Tonio, and Uvalde series.
Brystal, Pryor, and Tonio soils: have an ochric epipedon; occur on a slightly higher landscape position.
Knippa, Leoncita and Uvalde soils: do not have an argillic horizon; occur on a similar landscape position.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderate. Runoff is negligible for slopes less than 1 percent and low on slopes from 1 to 5 percent.

USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly rangeland. Small areas are dry-farmed to such crops as small grain, grain sorghum, and introduced grasses. Small areas are irrigated to such crops as cotton, corn, grain sorghum, small grain, truck crops, and introduced grasses. The original plant community was open grassland dominated by mid-grasses with occasional mesquite trees and woody shrubs. Bundleflower, bushsunflower, and orange zexmania are important forbs. In early stages of retrogression, such plants as pink pappusgrass and plains bristlegrass increase but decrease with further deterioration. Other plants which increase or invade are hooded windmillgrass, Hall panicum, curlymesquite, threeawn, red grama, mesquite, whitebrush, blackbrush, condalia, wolfberry, spiny hackberry, guayacan, guajillo, twisted acacia, Texas persimmon, and pricklypear cactus. Ecological site is Clay loam 18-25" PZ; (R083BY416TX).

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Rio Grande Plain of Texas; LRR I; MLRA 83A; This series is of large extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Uvalde County, Texas, 1970.

REMARKS:
Edited 11/2016 (RFG-GWH): Updated the location description and Lat/Long. Updated competing series, geographic setting, and associated soils sections.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 30 cm (0 to 12 in).
Argillic horizon: 30 to 193 cm (12 to 76 in).
Calcic horizon: 64 to 193 cm (25 to 76 in).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Local lab data available on pedons from McMullen County.

TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.