LOCATION CHAVIES                 KY+MD OH PA VA WV

Established Series
RDJ-SH/Rev. MDJ
05/2013

CHAVIES SERIES

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Ultic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Chavies fine sandy loam, on a neutral-facing, linear, 2 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 537 feet above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise indicated.)

Ap -- 0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 inches); dark brown (10YR 3/3) fine sandy loam, yellowish brown(10YR 5/4) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (12 to 30 cm thick)

BE -- 25 to 46 cm (10 to 18 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; common fine pores; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 30 cm thick)

Bt -- 46 to 89 cm (18 to 35 inches); brown (7.5YR 5/4) fine sandy loam; weak fine and medium subangular and angular blocky structure; friable; common distinct clay films on all faces of peds; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (38 to 91 cm thick)

BC -- 89 to 112 cm (35 to 44 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few faint clay films on all faces of peds; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 75 cm thick)

C -- 112 to 165 cm (44 to 65 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) stratified fine sandy loam and yellowish brown loamy sand; massive; loose; few fine dark concretions of iron and manganese oxide; very strongly acid.

TYPE LOCATION:
County: Greenup
State: Kentucky
USGS Quadrangle: Portsmouth, Kentucky
Latitude (Decimal Degrees, NAD 83): 38.7483333 N
Longitude (Decimal Degrees, NAD 83): -82.9072222 W
Directions to the pedon: About 1.14 miles northwest of Siloam, Kentucky; 660 feet south of the Ohio River; 120 feet north of the Harding Road and Hardin Road intersection.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the top of the Argillic: 23 to 46 cm (9 to 18 inches)
Depth to the base of the Argillic: 84 to 137cm (33 to 54 inches)
Solum Thickness: 76 to 177 cm (30 to 70 inches)
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 152 cm (60 inches)
Depth Class: Very deep
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: Greater than 152 cm (60 inches)
Rock Fragment content: 0 to 15 percent, by volume, in the A, Ap, E horizon and the upper part of the Bt horizon; 0 to 20 percent by volume, in the lower part of the Bt horizon and in the BC horizon; 0 to 35 percent, by volume, in the C horizon.
Soil Reaction: Very strongly acid through neutral throughout, except where limed

Range of Individual Horizons:
Ap or A horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 through 5 (4 through 6 dry), and chroma of 2 through 4
(4 through 6 dry)
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--fine sandy loam, sandy loam, silt loam, loam, or loamy sand

E horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10YR, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 2 through 4
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--silt loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam

BA or BE horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 4 or 6
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--silt loam, loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam

Bt horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR through 5YR, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 3 through 6
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--silt loam, loam, or fine sandy loam
Mottles in shades of brown may be present in the lower B horizons

BC horizon:
Color--hue of 5YR through 10YR, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 3 through 6
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--fine sandy loam, sandy loam, silt loam, loamy sand, or loam
Mottles in shades of brown may be present

C horizon:
Color--hue of 5YR through 10YR, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 3 through 6
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--fine sandy loam, loam, loamy sand, sandy loam, or silt loam
Mottles in shades of brown and gray may be present

COMPETING SERIES:
Brentsville soils--have a lithic or paralithic contact within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches)
Cranston soils--have 15 to 45 percent siltstone fragments in the B horizon
Highfield soils--have coarse fragments of metarhyolite, schist, and rhyolite
Tankerville soils--have a lithic or paralithic contact within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches) and formed in residuum weathered from gneissic and granitic rocks
Tracy soils--formed in glacial outwash
Watertown soils--have less than 40 percent fine and very fine sand and more than 15 percent coarse and very coarse sand in the particle size control section

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
MLRA(s) using this series: 121 (Kentucky Bluegrass), 124 (Western Allegheny Plateau), 125, Cumberland Plateau and Mountains), 126 (Central Allegheny Plateau), 127 (Eastern Allegheny Plateau and Mountains), 134 Southern Mississippi Valley Loess), 147 (Appalachian Ridges and Valleys)
Landscape: River valley
Landform: Terrace
Geomorphic Component: Tread and risers
Hillslope Profile Position: Toelsope
Parent Material Origin: Sandstone and siltstone
Parent Material Kind: Alluvium
Slope: 0 to 55 percent
Elevation: 163 to 551 meters
Frost-free period: 163 to 195 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 10 to 13 degrees C. (50 to 55 degrees F.)
Mean Annual Precipitation: 1041 to 1268 centimeters

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Elk soils occur on terraces that have a fine-silty particle size class
Lakin soils occur on the excessively drained leeward side of major stream valleys that are
sandy and have lamellae
Wheeling soils occur on river and major stream terraces that have a fine-loamy particle size
class

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Well drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Thick (>100 cm), deep (1.0-1.5 m), and very transitory (present <1 month)
Index Surface Runoff: Low through very high
Permeability Class (obsolete): Moderately rapid
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Class: High
Shrink-Swell Class: Low
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None or rare
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None or rare

USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Hayland, cropland, and pasture
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--Grass-legume hay, corn, wheat, soybeans. Where wooded--Oaks, hickories, birch, beech, maple, elm, yellow poplar, sycamore, gums, pines, hemlock

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: MLRAs 121, 124, 125, 126, 127, and 147 in Kentucky, Ohio, West Virginia, Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania
Extent: Moderate, about 51,000 acres at the time of this revision

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: MORGANTOWN, WEST VIRGINIA

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Laurel County, Kentucky, 1966.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon--the zone from 0 to 10 inches (Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 46 to 89 inches (Bt horizon)
Other soil features identified with this pedon:
Series control section--the zone from 0 to 60 inches
This edit updated the previous format to semi-tabular, updated the geographic setting section, directions to the pedon, and Internal Free Water Occurrence.

ADDITIONAL DATA:
Characterization data is available from the KSSL for the following pedons:
64PA051003, 64PA051009, 90KY-35-013, 99KY-015-003

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.