LOCATION CHINARISE               OR

Established Series
Rev. MPK-JVC-JBF
01/2011

CHINARISE SERIES

The Chinarise series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from volcanic rocks and volcanic ash. Chinarise soils are on low stream terraces. Slopes are 0 to 4 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 230 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 7 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy, glassy, frigid Vitrandic Haploxerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Chinarise ashy silt loam--on a one percent slope at an elevation of 1,320--rangeland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted. When described on August 17, 1998, the soil was dry to 10 cm, moist from 10 to 100 cm, and saturated below 100 cm.)

An--0 to 13 cm; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) ashy silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak thin and medium platy structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, fine and medium roots; many very fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent; about 30 percent sand-size pumiceous ash grains; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.5); clear smooth boundary. (8 to 36 cm thick)

Bn1--13 to 23 cm; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) ashy silt loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many very fine, common fine and medium roots; many fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.2); gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 18 cm thick)

Bn2--23 to 46 cm; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) ashy silt loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many very fine, common fine and medium roots; many fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); gradual smooth boundary. (20 to 43 cm thick)

Bw1--46 to 74 cm; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) ashy loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; many fine and medium tubular pores; moderately alkaline (pH 7.9); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 38 cm thick)

Bw2--74to 127 cm; dark brown (10YR 3/3) ashy fine sandy loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine roots; many very fine and fine interstitial pores; few fine faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist masses of iron accumulation; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); clear smooth boundary. (25 to 64 cm thick)

C--127 to 152 cm; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) ashy fine sandy loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; massive; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine interstitial pores; common fine faint brown (10YR 5/3) masses of iron accumulation; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8).

TYPE LOCATION: Lake County, Oregon; in Paulina Marsh about 5 miles north-northeast of the community of Silver Lake; approximately 300 feet north and 400 feet east of the southwest corner of section 26, T. 27 S., R. 14 E.; USGS Silver Lake 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 43 degrees 11 minutes 33.7 seconds N and longitude 121 degrees 2 minutes 1.9 seconds W; NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Moist to wet in winter and spring, moist in early summer from capillary rise above the water table, and dry in late summer and fall; xeric moisture regime that borders on aridic.
Mean annual soil temperature : 7 to 8 degrees C.
Mollic epipedon thickness: 18 to 48 cm; includes the Bn horizons.
Depth to redoximorphic features: 64 to 90 cm.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: averages 12 to 27 percent.
Volcanic glass content: 40 to 90 percent in coarse silt through fine sand fractions.

An horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 2 or 3 moist, 5 or 6 dry.
Chroma: 1 through 3 moist or dry.
Organic matter content: 2 to 4 percent.
Salinity (EC): 8 to 16 mmhos/cm.
Sodicity (SAR): 13 to 30.

Bn horizons
Value: 2 or 3 moist, 5 through 7 dry.
Chroma: 1 through 3, moist or dry.
Texture: Ashy loam, ashy silt loam, or ashy silty clay loam.
Clay content: 12 to 30 percent.
Organic matter content: 1 to 3 percent.
Reaction: Strongly alkaline or very strongly alkaline (up to pH 9.6).
Salinity (EC): 8 to 16 mmhos/cm.
Sodicity (SAR): 13 to 30.

Bw horizons
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 3 or 4 moist, 5 through 7 dry.
Chroma: 1 through 3, moist or dry.
Texture: Ashy loam, ashy silt loam, ashy sandy loam, or ashy fine sandy loam.
Clay content: 12 to 27 percent.
Organic matter content: 0.5 to 1 percent.
Reaction: Slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
Redoximorphic features: Redox concentrations occur as masses of iron accumulation.

C horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 3 or 4 moist, 5 through 7 dry.
Chroma: 1 through 3, moist or dry.
Texture: Ashy fine sandy loam, ashy loamy fine sand, ashy sandy loam, or ashy loam.
Clay content: 10 to 24 percent.
Reaction: Slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
Redoximorphic features: Redox concentrations occur as masses of iron accumulation.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Coalbank, Cottonthomas, and Fez, series. None of these soils has endosaturation or redoximorphic features. In addition, Fez soils are moderately deep to paralithic contacts.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Chinarise soils are on low stream terraces. These soils formed in alluvium derived from volcanic rocks and volcanic ash. Slopes are 0 to 4 percent. Elevations range from 1,310 to 1,345 meters. The climate is semiarid and characterized by cold, moist winters and warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 200 to 250 mm, the mean annual temperature is 6 to 7 degrees C., and the frost-free period is 50 to 80 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Morehouse, Paulina, and Tuffcabin soils.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained; low surface runoff; moderate or moderately slow permeability; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity. Endosaturation is present with an apparent seasonal high water table between 60 and 100 cm (moderately deep free water occurrence class) from February through July. Cumulative annual duration class is Common.

USE AND VEGETATION: Chinarise soils are used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. The vegetation is mainly basin wildrye, inland saltgrass, and rabbitbrush.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: South-central Oregon. These soils are not extensive with about 6,200 acres of the series mapped to date. MLRA 23.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lake County (Northern Part), Oregon, 2006. The name is coined.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 46 cm (An, Bn1, and Bn2 horizons).
Cambic horizon - The zone from 46 to 127 cm (Bw1 and Bw2 horizons).
Vitrandic intergrade feature - The zone from the soil surface to 76 cm (An, Bn1, Bn2, and Bw1 horizons and part of the Bw2 horizons).
Endosaturation feature - The condition of ground water with an upper boundary between 60 and 150 cm at certain times during normal years (parts of the Bw1 Bw2, and C horizons).
Particle-size control section and ashy substitute class with glassy mineralogy - The zone from 25 to 100 cm (Bw1 horizon and parts of the Bn2 and Bw2 horizons).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Volcanic glass in the Bn2 and Bw2 horizons determined locally by optical grain count using a polarizing petrographic microscope.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.