LOCATION CHIPETA UT+CO NM WYEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey, mixed, active, calcareous, mesic, shallow Typic Torriorthents
TYPICAL PEDON: Chipeta silty clay loam - cultivated. (Colors are for air-dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap--0 to 5 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few medium and fine roots; few fine discontinuous pores; violently effervescent (19 percent calcium carbonate equivalent), carbonates are finely disseminated; slightly alkaline (pH 7.7); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
C--5 to 13 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; hard, very firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few medium and fine roots; few coarse continuous pores, few fine discontinuous pores; violently effervescent (15 percent calcium carbonate equivalent), carbonates are finely disseminated; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
Cy--13 to 17 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) parachannery silty clay, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; weak, moderately thick platy structure parting to weak medium angular blocky structure; hard, very firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few medium and fine roots; many fine crystals and dendritic veins of gypsum; 30 percent parachanners; violently effervescent (14 percent calcium carbonate equivalent), carbonates are finely disseminated; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); gradual irregular boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
Cr--17 inches; weathered calcareous marine shale.
TYPE LOCATION: Emery County, Utah; 1 mile south and 1.5 miles east of Castle Dale, 1,000 feet south and 20 feet east of the northwest corner, sec. 11, T. 19 S., R. 8 E.; lat. 39 degrees 11 minutes 16 seconds N. and 111 minutes 0 minutes 1 second W., NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: typic aridic moisture regime
Mean annual soil temperature: 47 to 59 degrees F.
Depth to paralithic contact: 5 to 20 inches to weathered shale
Electrical conductivity: greater than 2 mmhos/cm.
Particle-size control section: 35 to 50 percent clay.
Reaction: slightly alkaline to very strongly alkaline.
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 5 to 8 dry, 3 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, gravelly clay loam
C and Cy horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 1 to 4
Textures: clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, parachannery silty clay loam, parachannery silty clay, very parachannery silty clay loam
Gypsum: 0 to 10 percent
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series. The similar Chipenhill series has a superactive CEC class and gypsum content of 10 to 30 percent in the C horizons. The similar Hanksville series is moderately deep to weathered shale.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils are on gently sloping to steep upland pediments and hills. Slopes are complex and range from 0 to 50 percent. These soils formed in slope alluvium and/or colluvium derived from sedimentary rocks over residuum from alkaline marine shale containing gypsum. The mean annual air temperature is 45 to 55 degrees F. The freeze-free period ranges from 90 to 160 days. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 5 to 11 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Killpack,
Persayo, and
Libbings soils.
Killpack soils: have fine-silty particle-size control sections.
Persayo soils: have loamy particle-size control sections.
Libbings soils: have a salic horizon.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium to very high runoff; slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: A few of the smoother areas of deeper soil are irrigated and used for growing grain and hay crops. Potential vegetation is mat saltbush and galleta.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Colorado, Wyoming, eastern Utah, and New Mexico. LRR D, MLRA 34. The series is extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Uncompahgre Valley Area, Colorado, 1910.
REMARKS:
All pH values given are of soil paste.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Series control section: The zone from 0 to 21 inches.
Ochric epipedon: The zone from 0 to 5 inches (Ap horizon)
Gypsum accumulations: In the zone from 13 to 17 inches (Cy horizon)
Paralithic contact: The contact with weathered shale at 17 inches (Cr horizon).
Last update by the state: 7/98.
Taxonomic version: Tenth edition, 2006