LOCATION DUFF NV+OR
Established Series
Rev. RGB/RAF/TM/JBF
01/2023
DUFF SERIES
The Duff series consists of deep, well drained soils that formed in residuum and colluvium derived from volcanic rocks. Duff soils are on concave mountain side slopes. Slopes are 15 to 75 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 400 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 6 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive Pachic Haplocryolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Duff gravelly loam, rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A1--0 to 18 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) gravelly loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; moderate fine and medium granular structure, slightly hard, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine and few fine tubular pores; 20 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt wavy boundary. (10 to 25 cm thick)
A2--18 to 36 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine roots; many very fine and few fine tubular pores; 25 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.8); clear wavy boundary. (13 to 30 cm thick)
A3--36 to 53 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and few fine roots; many very fine, few fine and medium tubular pores; 20 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.8) clear wavy boundary. (10 to 33 cm thick)
A4--53 to 69 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine and fine roots; many very fine, few fine and medium tubular pores; 20 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.6); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 20 cm thick)
AC--69 to 94 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) and brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine and fine roots; many very fine, few fine and medium tubular pores; 20 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.2); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 25 cm thick)
C--94 cm to 145 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) gravelly clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; massive; hard, friable, sticky and plastic; few very fine roots; many very fine, few fine and medium tubular pores; 20 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.2); abrupt irregular boundary. (46 to 56 cm thick)
R--145 to 152 cm; andesite.
TYPE LOCATION: Eureka County, Nevada; approximately 11 miles east and 12 miles south of the unincorporated community of Crescent Valley, Nevada; about 500 feet south and 1,500 feet west of the northeast corner of section 36, T. 28 N., R. 49 E.; latitude 40 degrees 15 minutes 22 seconds N and longitude 116 degrees 23 minutes 31 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 40.2561111 latitude, -116.3919444 longitude.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Moist late fall through early summer, dry late July through September; xeric soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 6 to 8 degrees C.
Mean summer soil temperature: 12 to 15 degrees C.
Mollic epipedon thickness: 40 to 89 cm.
Depth to lithic contact: 100 to 150 cm.
Reaction: Slightly acid through slightly alkaline.
Particle-size control section - Clay: 18 to 30 percent.
Rock fragments: 15 to 35 percent, mainly gravel.
A horizon
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3 dry, 1 or 2 moist.
Structure: Platy, granular or subangular blocky.
C horizon
Hue: 2.5Y or 10YR.
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4.
Texture: Gravelly loam or gravelly clay loam.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Adel,
Argee,
Bullbasin,
Hackwood, Houlhan,
Lamphier,
Leavittville,
Lespate, Obejoyful,
Osmund,
Pavohroo,
Rhone,
Secondset, Strckland,
Taterheap and
Winevada series.
Argee,
Lespate,
Secondset,
Strickland and
Winevada soils have bedrock within 100 cm.
Bullbasin soils have a mean annual soil temperature of 2 to 3 degrees C.
Adel,
Hackwood,
Houlihan,
Lamphier,
Leavittville, Obejoyful,
Osmund, and
Taterheap soils are very deep.
Pavohroo soils have a cambic horizon and limestone rock fragments.
Rhone soils have a C horizon that is dominantly very channery sandy clay loam within a depth of 50 to 100 cm.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Duff soils are on concave, north aspects of mountain side slopes. These soils formed in residuum and colluvium derived from intrusive and extrusive volcanic rock. Slopes are 15 to 75 percent. Elevations are 1,830 to 2,810 meters. The climate is cold semiarid with cold, moist winters and short, warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is typically 360 to 460 mm, mainly as snow; precipitation on high peaks and ridges may be considerably higher, but is less effective due to high wind and runoff; mean annual temperature is 5 to 7 degrees C, and the frost-free season is 60 to 80 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Bregar,
Chen, and
Winada soils. Bregar and Winada are loamy-skeletal. Chen soils are clayey-skeletal and shallow to bedrock.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; rapid runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.
USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland and wildlife habitat. Vegetation is mainly mountain big sagebrush, antelope bitterbrush, mountain brome, slender wheatgrass, bearded wheatgrass, and Idaho fescue.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern Nevada. These soils are not extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Eureka County Area, Nevada, 1983.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon (Pachic) - The zone from the soil surface to 69 cm (A1, A2, A3, and A4 horizons)
Lithic contact - The boundary at 145 cm (R layer).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to about 100 cm (A3, A4, AC, part of the A2 and C horizons).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.