LOCATION HAAS WAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Medial, mixed, isofrigid Aquic Fulvudands
TYPICAL PEDON: Haas medial silt loam-forestland on a 23 percent south-southeasterly aspect at an elevation of 600 feet in a Pacific silver fir/salal-deer fern plant association. (When described on June 16, 1997, the soil was moist throughout. Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated. All textures are apparent field textures.)
Oi--0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed needles, leaves, twigs, and cone fragments; abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 3 inches thick)
Oa--1 to 5 inches; highly decomposed organic materials; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
A--5 to 8 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) medial silt loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) dry; weak very fine and fine subangular blocky and weak very fine and fine granular structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; moderately smeary; many very fine and fine and common medium and coarse roots; many very fine and fine tubular and irregular pores; 5 percent gravel; extremely acid (pH 4.2); clear smooth boundary. (2 to 6 inches thick)
Bw1--8 to 17 inches; 50 percent dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) gravelly medial silt loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) dry and 50 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4), light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; weak very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic, moderately smeary; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; common very fine and fine tubular and irregular pores; 15 percent gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.6); clear wavy boundary.
Bw2--17 to 25 inches; 90 percent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) gravelly medial silt loam, yellow (10YR 7/6) dry and 10 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4), yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; weak very fine, fine, and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; few very fine, fine, and medium roots; few very fine and fine tubular and irregular pores; 20 percent gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear wavy boundary.
Bw3--25 to 30 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/6) gravelly medial loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/4) dry; weak very fine, fine, and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; few very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; few very fine and fine tubular and irregular pores; 25 percent gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizon is 18 to 34 inches.)
Bh--30 to 37 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) very gravelly medial loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; weak very fine, fine, and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; common very fine and fine and few medium and coarse roots; common very fine and fine tubular and irregular pores; 40 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
B'w1--37 to 42 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/6) very gravelly medial loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/4) dry; weak very fine, fine, and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; few very fine, fine, and medium roots; few very fine tubular and irregular pores; 40 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear wavy boundary.
B'w2--42 to 55 inches; olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) very gravelly medial clay loam, pale yellow (2.5Y 8/3) dry; weak very fine, fine, and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; few very fine roots; few very fine and fine tubular and irregular pores, few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8), reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) dry irregularly shaped masses of iron accumulation with clear boundaries in the matrix; 45 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the B'w horizon is 0 to 22 inches.)
BC--55 to 65 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) extremely gravelly medial loam, pale yellow (2.5Y 8/4) dry; weak very fine, fine, and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary; few very fine and fine tubular and irregular pores; common fine district strong brown (7.5YR 5/8), reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) dry irregularly shaped masses of iron accumulation with clear boundaries in the matrix; common fine faint light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3), pale yellow (2.5Y 8/2) dry irregularly shaped iron depletions with clear boundaries in the matrix; 55 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles; very strongly acid (pH 4.8).
TYPE LOCATION: Grays Harbor County, Washington, about 2 1/4 miles north-northwest of the intersection of state highway 101 and Forest Service road #21, about 1,215 feet east and 210 feet north of the southwest corner of Section 3, T. 23 N., R. 11 W. (Latitude 47 degrees 31 minutes 13 seconds North, Longitude 125 degrees 1 minutes 15 seconds West)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature is 43 to 47 degrees F. The mean summer soil temperature is 47 to 50 degrees F and the mean winter soil temperature is 40 to 45 degrees F. The difference between the mean summer and winter soil temperature is 5 to 9 degrees F. These soils are usually moist, and are dry 0 to 30 consecutive days in the soil moisture control section; udic soil moisture regime. Depth to dense till is greater than 60 inches. The particle-size control section has andic soil properties throughout, and 0 to 50 percent rock fragments by volume with the weighted average less than 35 percent. The andic soil material has an estimated moist bulk density of 0.40 to 0.80 g/cc, acid-oxalate extractable aluminum plus one half of the acid-oxalate extractable iron of 2 to 6 percent, phosphate retention of 85 to 100 percent, and 15-bar water retention of 20 to 40 percent for air dried samples. The A and Bw horizons have 2 to 6 cmol/kg of aluminum. The particle-size control section has 15 to 27 percent field estimated clay and 15 to 40 percent sand. Depth to redox accumulations is 30 to 40 inches from the mineral soil surface.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR moist and dry, value of 3 or 4 moist and 5 or 6 dry, and chroma of 2 through 4 moist. It has 10 to 25 percent organic matter.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR moist and dry, value of 3 or 4 moist and chroma of 4 or 6 moist and dry. It is gravelly medial silt loam, gravelly medial loam, or medial silt loam. It has weak or moderate structure. It has 5 to 12 percent organic matter decreasing to less than 7 percent within 20 inches of the mineral soil surface.
The Bh horizon, when present, has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR moist and dry, value of 4 or 5 dry, and chroma of 3 or 4 moist and dry. It is very gravelly medial loam, gravelly medial loam, or very gravelly medial silt loam. It has 2 to 6 percent organic matter.
The B'w or Bg horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y moist and dry, value of 3 through 6 moist and 6 through 8 dry, and chroma of 4 or 6 moist and 3 or 4 dry. It is very gravelly medial loam, very gravelly medial clay loam, or gravelly medial loam.
The BC horizon has value of 5 or 6 moist 7 or 8 dry, and chroma of 3 or 4 dry. It is extremely gravelly loam, very gravelly loam, or very gravelly clay loam.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series. The Sockeye series is similar. Sockeye soils are well drained and lack redox features.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Haas soils are on ground moraines. Slopes are 0 to 45 percent. The soils formed in residuum and colluvium from reworked alpine glacial till deposits derived dominantly from sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks. Elevations are 490 to 1000 feet. Average annual precipitation is 110 to 140 inches. Fog drip contributes to the effective precipitation totals. Average annual temperature is 41 to 43 degrees F. The frost-free season is 120 to 140 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Kunamakst, Manorcreek, Salmonriver, and Thimblepeak soils. Kunamakst soils are on ground moraines and are shallow to dense till. Manorcreek soils are in closed wet depressions and are organic soils. Salmonriver soils are on ground moraines and are moderately deep. Thimblepeak soils are on ground moraines and are somewhat poorly drained.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; moderate permeability. Haas soils have a seasonal zone of saturation between 3.0 and 5.0 feet from November through April.
USE AND VEGETATION: Timber production, wildlife habitat, recreation, and watershed. Native vegetation is Pacific silver fir, western redcedar, western hemlock, cascara buckthorn, salal, deer fern, and Alaska huckleberry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Grays Harbor County, Washington; MLRA 4A. Series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Grays Harbor County, Washington, 2000; Olympic National Forest.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are the following:
Ochric epipedon
Cambic horizon - 8 to 55 inches (Bw1 through Bw3, Bh, B'w1, and B'w2 horizons)
Andic soil properties - 5 to 65 inches (A, Bw1 through Bw3, Bh, B'w1, B'w2, and BC horizons)
Concentrated illuvial organic matter - 30 to 37 inches (Bh horizon)
Aquic subgroup criteria is also met, with redox concentrations present at 42 to 65 inches.
PSCS - 5 to 45 inches (A, Bw1 through Bw3, Bh, B'w1 horizons and a portion of B'w2 horizon)
All depths to diagnostic horizons and features are measured from the top of the first mineral horizon.