LOCATION HAYMOND                 IN+IL KY MO OH

Established Series
Rev.BGN-GRS
01/2011

HAYMOND SERIES

The Haymond series consists of very deep, well drained, soils that formed in silty alluvium. These soils are on flood plains and flood-plain steps. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 13 degrees C (55 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is about 1067 mm (42 inches).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Dystric Fluventic Eutrudepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Haymond silt loam on a nearly level area in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 122 meters (400 feet) above MSL. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3), dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; common fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (18 to 30 cm (7 to 12 inches) thick)

Bw1--25 to 64 cm (10 to 25 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) organic coatings on faces of peds; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bw2--64 to 112 cm (25 to 44 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) organic coatings on faces of peds; neutral; clear smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bw horizon is 51 to 127 cm (20 to 50 inches.)]

2C--112 to 152 cm (44 to 60 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine sandy loam; massive with weak bedding planes; friable; slightly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Knox County, Indiana; 1,800 feet east and 300 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 2, T. 1 S., R. 11 W.; USGS Patoka, Indiana topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees, 27 minutes, 4.284 seconds N. and long. 87 degrees, 36 minutes, 19.161 seconds W., UTM Zone 16, 447182 easting and 4256048 northing, NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the cambic horizon: 76 to 152 cm (30 to 60 inches)
Particle-size control section: 10 to 18 percent clay, 0 to 14 percent fine and coarser sand, and 1 to 20 percent very fine sand

A or Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silt loam or silt
Reaction: commonly moderately acid to neutral, less commonly slightly alkaline

Bw horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: silt loam
Clay content: 10 to 18 percent
Sand content: 1 to 35 percent
Very fine sand content: 1 to 25 percent
Reaction: commonly moderately acid to neutral and less commonly slightly alkaline

C horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: silt loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam or is stratified with these textures
Clay content: 5 to 26 percent
Sand content: 1 to 65 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline

Some pedons have Ab and/or Bb horizons below a depth of 102 cm (40 inches).

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Haymond soils are on nearly level flood plains and flood-plain steps. They formed in silty alluvium washed dominantly from loess covered hills and till plains. Mean annual temperature ranges from 10 to 14 degrees C (50 to 57 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation ranges from 889 to 1168 mm (35 to 46 inches). Frost free period ranges from 150 to 210 days, and elevation ranges from elevation ranges from 98 to 137 meters (320 to 450 feet).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the poorly drained Birds, somewhat poorly drained Wakeland, and moderately well drained Wilbur and Blyton soils. These soils are on lower lying flood-plain steps.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. The potential for surface water runoff is negligible to low. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high (4.23 to 14.11 micrometers/s). Permeability is moderate. These soils are dominantly subject to rare to frequent flooding for very brief or brief periods in late winter and spring in normal years. A few areas are subject to flooding of long duration.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used to grow corn and soybeans. Some of the narrow flood plains are used for forest or pasture. The native vegetation is deciduous forest, mainly of beech, elm, hickory, hackberry, buckeye, sugar maple, oak, and sycamore.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Indiana, western Kentucky, Illinois, eastern Missouri, and south central Ohio. The series is of large extent, and is within several MLRA's. The Type Location is in MLRA 115A.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Morgan County, Indiana, 1937.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon are:

Ochric epipedon 0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 inches) (Ap);
Cambic horizon 25 to 112 cm (10 to 44 inches) (Bw1, Bw2);
Fluventic subgroup - bedding planes at 112 to 152 cm (44 to 60 inches) (C) with 0.26 percent organic carbon;

Representative component and horizon data is in DMU# 124153.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Lab data available for this pedon from Agricultural Experiment Station, Purdue University - S77IN83-7.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.