LOCATION INKLER                  WA+OR

Established Series
Rev. MEH/BDG/RJS
01/2016

INKLER SERIES

The Inkler series consists of very deep and deep, well drained soils that formed in volcanic ash over glacial till or colluvium derived from volcanic and metamorphic rocks. Inkler soils are on moraines, hillslopes and mountain slopes. Slopes of 0 to 75 percent. The average annual precipitation is about 635 mm and the mean annual temperature is 6.1 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, isotic, frigid Andic Haploxerepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Inkler gravelly ashy silt loam - forested. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 10 cm; gray (10YR 5/1) gravelly ashy silt loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; weak medium and fine subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine roots; 20 percent angular gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.2); clear wavy boundary. (7 to 18 cm thick)

Bw1--10 to 23 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) gravelly ashy silt loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak medium and fine subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and medium roots; 20 percent angular gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 20 cm thick)

2Bw2--23 to 53 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) gravelly ashy silt loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common medium roots; root mat at lower boundary; 25 percent angular gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 40 cm thick)

2C1--53 to 79 cm; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) very gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) moist; massive; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; many fine tubular pores; 35 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; slightly acid (pH 6.4); gradual wavy boundary. (15 to 30 cm thick)

2C2--79 to 117 cm; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) extremely cobbly loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; common medium tubular pores; 30 percent gravel, 20 percent cobbles, and 10 percent stones; clay bridging of sand grains; neutral (pH 6.6); gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 46 cm thick)

2C3--117 to 152 cm; pale yellow (5Y 7/3) extremely cobbly sandy clay loam, olive (5Y 5/3) moist; massive; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; 25 percent gravel, 25 percent cobbles and 10 percent stones; clay bridging of sand grains; neutral (pH 6.6).

TYPE LOCATION: Stevens County, Washington; just above Pierre Creek Road on logging spur; 395 meters south and 60 meters west of the northeast corner of sec. 33, T. 40 N., R. 37 E.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Moisture control section - usually moist but are dry for 60 to 75 days following summer solstice
Mean annual soil temperature - at a depth of 50 cm ranges 6.7 to 7.8 degrees C.
Depth to lithic contact - typically greater than 150 cm but can range down to 100 cm
Particle-size control section - averages 7 to 18 percent clay; averages 35 to 60 percent rock fragments
Volcanic ash mantle - 18 to 36 cm thick; upper solum estimated moist bulk density of less than 1.0 g/cc, volcanic glass content of more than 30 percent and acid-oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half iron of more than 1.0 percent; lower solum estimated moist bulk density of more than 1.0 g/cc, volcanic glass content of 5 to 20 percent, and acid-oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half iron of 0.4 to 1.0 percent

A horizon
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR dry or moist
Value - 4 to 6 dry, 2 to 4 moist
Chroma - 1 to 3 dry or moist
Textures - ashy sandy loam, ashy loam, or ashy silt loam
Clay content - 3 to 15 percent
Rock fragments - 0 to 30 percent gravel, 0 to 5 percent cobbles, 0 to 30 percent total rock fragment content
Reaction - 6.1 to 7.3

Bw1 horizon
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR dry or moist
Value - 5 to 7 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma - 2 to 4 dry or moist
Textures - ashy sandy loam, ashy loam, or ashy silt loam
Clay content - 3 to 18 percent
Rock fragments - 10 to 45 percent gravel, 0 to 10 percent cobbles, 10 to 50 percent total rock fragment content
Reaction - 6.1 to 7.3

2Bw2 horizon
Hue - 10YR or 2.5Y dry or moist
Value - 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma - 2 to 4 dry or moist
Textures - ashy silt loam, ashy loam, or ashy sandy loam
Rock fragments - 20 to 35 percent gravel, 0 to 17 percent cobbles, and 0 to 5 percent stones, 20 to 50 percent total rock fragment content
Reaction - 6.1 to 7.3
Note: The 2Bw horizon is mixed volcanic ash and glacial till, colluvium and residuum, and is assumed not to be dominated by amorphous material.

2C1, 2C2 horizon
Hue - 5Y, 2.5Y or 10YR dry or moist
Value - 5 to 7 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma - 2 to 4 dry or moist
Textures - loam, silt loam, or sandy loam
Clay content - 7 to 18 percent
Rock fragments - 15 to 40 percent gravel, 10 to 30 percent cobbles, 0 to 10 percent stones, 35 to 60 percent total rock fragment content
Reaction - 6.1 to 7.3

2C3 horizon
Hue - 2.5Y or 5Y dry or moist
Value - 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma - 2 to 4 dry or moist
Textures - loam, silt loam, sandy loam, or sandy clay loam
Clay content - 7 to 27 percent
Rock fragments - 15 to 45 percent gravel, 5 to 30 percent cobbles, 0 to 10 percent stones, 35 to 70 percent total rock fragment content
Reaction - 6.1 to 7.3

COMPETING SERIES:
Bigcow - are dry 45 to 60 consecutive days in summer
Hondu - are dry for 45 to 60 consecutive days in summer
Juandefuca - dry for 45 to 60 consecutive days following the summer solstice
Mccree - do not form in glacial till
Newhorn - 50 to 100 cm to densic material
Oxerine - 50 to 100 cm to lithic contact
Piutespring - 50 to 100 cm to a lithic contact
Redriver - 50 to 100 cm to lithic contact
Tunnelcreek - dry for 45 to 60 consecutive days following the summer solstice
Veridge - 50 to 100 cm to lithic contact
Wilma - 50 to 100 cm to lithic contact
Wonder - 50 to 100 cm to lithic contact

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landforms - moraines, hillslopes and mountain slopes
Elevations - 560 to 1,525 meters
Slopes - 0 to 75 percent
Parent material - volcanic ash over glacial till or colluvium derived from volcanic and metamorphic rocks
Mean annual precipitation - 325 to 925 mm
Mean annual air temperature - 5.0 to 7.9 degrees C.
Frost-free season - 90 to 120 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Baldknob, Kiehl, Nevine, Scoap, and Thout soils. Baldknob soils are 25 to 50 cm to a lithic contact and are on summits, shoulders, and backslopes of glacially scoured foothills and mountains. Kiehl soils have a sandy-skeletal control section and are on glacial outwash terraces and terrace escarpments. Nevine soils are ashy over loamy-skeletal and are on moraines, foothills, and mountains. Scoap soils have a mollic epipedon 50 to 75 cm thick and are on uplands and mountainsides. Thout soils are 50 to 100 cm to a lithic contact and are on glaciated mountainsides and ridgetops.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; moderate to rapid saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly grazable woodland and some dryland cropland. Native vegetation is Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine and western larch with an understory of common snowberry, wildrose, spirea, pinegrass, mallow ninebark, creambush oceanspray, and pachystima.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern Washington. MLRA 43A, 6. The Inkler series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Stevens County (North Ferry Area), Washington, l97l

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizon and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 10 cm (A horizon)
Andic feature - the zone from 0 to 23 cm (A, Bw1 horizons). The layer from 23 to 53 cm (2Bw2) is mixed and is assumed not to meet andic soil properties
Cambic horizon - the zone from 10 to 53 cm (Bw1, 2Bw2 horizons)
Particle-size control section - the zone from 25 to 100 cm (part of 2Bw2, 2C1, part of 2C2 horizons)

Additional information: The modal concept of this series regarding depth class is greater than 150 cm to bedrock. The Cashmere Mountain Areas, Washington (WA608) soil survey recognized the Inkler series as 100 to 150 cm to lithic bedrock. Upon update of this survey, consideration should be given in correlation of this soil series concept to another series or propose a new series.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.