LOCATION IRONSIDE OR

Established Series
IRD. JLW/RJO/DAL/KMS
01/2019

IRONSIDE SERIES

Landscape--mountains
Landform--ridges, mountain slopes
Slope--0 to 90 percent
Parent material--colluvium and residuum derived from sandstone, metavolcanic rock, and metasedimentary rock with an influence of volcanic ash in the upper part
Mean annual precipitation--about 770 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 5 degrees C
Depth class--moderately deep to lithic bedrock
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--xeric
Soil temperature regime--frigid
Soil moisture subclass--typic

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, frigid Vitrandic Haploxerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Ironside very gravelly ashy silt loam in an area of rangeland, on a 48-percent, convex, north-facing slope at an elevation of 1814 m

A--0 to 20 cm; very gravelly ashy silt loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry, black (10YR 2/1) moist; weak medium and fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots; few fine medium irregular pores; 40 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear smooth boundary

AB--20 to 33 cm; very gravelly ashy silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and few very fine roots; few fine and medium irregular pores; 45 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary

2Bw--33 to 71 cm; extremely gravelly loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, moderately sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots; common fine and few medium irregular pores; 70 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; neutral (pH 7.3); clear wavy boundary

2BC--71 to 94 cm; extremely gravelly sandy loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine roots; common fine and medium and few coarse irregular pores; 55 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles, and 10 percent stones; neutral (pH 7.3); abrupt irregular boundary

2R--94 cm; indurated argillite

TYPE LOCATION: Baker County, Oregon, about 660 m east and 225 m south of the northwest corner of section 7, T. 14 S., R. 37 E.; Rastus Mountain U.S. Geological Survey quadrangle; latitude 44.3704218, longitude -118.2235328, datum WGS 84 (coordinates and PLSS details estimated from a point on a hard copy map)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--about 5 to 8 degrees C
Mean summer soil temperature--about 15 to 17 degrees C
Mean winter soil temperature--about -3 to 0 degrees C
Soil moisture--dry 60 to 90 consecutive days in summer
Thickness of mollic epipedon--20 to 50 cm
Depth to lithic contact--50 to 100 cm from the mineral soil surface
Thickness of ash-influenced layers--20 to 50 cm

Estimated properties of layers influenced by volcanic ash
*Ammonium oxalate extractable Al + 1/2 Fe--0.3 to 0.9 percent
*Glass content in 0.02- to 2.0-mm fraction--5 to 15 percent

Particle-size control section
*Clay content--5 to 17 percent
*Total fragment content--35 to 75 percent

A horizon
Moist color--7.5YR 3/2, 10YR 2/1, 10YR 3/2, 10YR 3/3
Dry color--7.5YR 5/4, 10YR 3/2, 10YR 4/3, 10YR 5/2, 10YR 5/3
Fine-earth texture--ashy loam, ashy sandy loam, ashy silt loam
Clay content--5 to 17 percent
Sand content--20 to 55 percent
Organic matter content--2.5 to 8.0 percent
Total rock fragment content--25 to 50 percent
Gravel content--25 to 50 percent
Cobble content--0 to 5 percent
Reaction--6.1 to 7.3
Thickness--15 to 25 cm

AB horizon
Moist color--7.5YR 3/4, 10YR 3/3, 10YR 3/4
Dry color--7.5YR 4/4, 10YR 4/3, 10YR 5/3, 10YR 5/4
Fine-earth texture--ashy loam, ashy sandy loam, ashy silt loam
Clay content--5 to 16 percent
Sand content--20 to 50 percent
Organic matter content--1.5 to 3.0 percent
Total rock fragment content--35 to 70 percent
Gravel content--35 to 60 percent
Cobble content--0 to 10 percent
Reaction--5.6 to 7.3
Thickness--13 to 35 cm

2Bw horizon
Moist color--7.5YR 3/4, 10YR 3/3, 10YR 3/4, 10YR 4/4, 10YR 4/6, 10YR 5/4
Dry color--7.5YR 4/4, 10YR 4/3, 10YR 5/3, 5/4, 6/4
Fine-earth texture--loam, sandy loam, silt loam
Clay content--5 to 18 percent
Sand content--20 to 55 percent
Organic matter content--0.5 to 2.0 percent
Total rock fragment content--40 to 85 percent
Gravel content--35 to 70 percent
Cobble content--0 to 20 percent
Stone content--0 to 5
Reaction--5.6 to 7.3
Thickness--15 to 40 cm

2BC horizon, and 2C horizon (where present)
Moist color--10YR 4/4, 10YR 5/4
Dry color--10YR 6/4, 10YR 7/4
Fine-earth texture--sandy loam
Clay content--6 to 10 percent
Sand content--50 to 75 percent
Organic matter content--0.5 to 1.5 percent
Total rock fragment content--55 to 75 percent
Gravel content--40 to 55 percent
Cobble content--0 to 20 percent
Stone content--0 to 10 percent
Reaction--5.6 to 7.3
Thickness--0 to 25 cm

COMPETING SERIES:
Dogtown--deep or very deep (100 to 150 cm or more) to paralithic contact (quartz diorite); O horizon composed of forest litter 5 cm thick on surface; dry 45 to 60 consecutive days in summer
Frint--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (basalt); mollic epipedon 50 to 60 cm thick
Hogranch--deep (100 to 150 cm) to lithic contact (basalt); mollic epipedon 50 to 75 cm thick
Magill--moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (tuff); particle-size control section averages 18 to 27 percent clay
McCartycreek--moderately deep 50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (basalt); particle-size control section averages 11 to 17 percent clay and has 25 to 60 percent subangular cobbles and stones
Nevtah--deep (100 to 150 cm) to lithic contact (welded tuff)
Pelican--moderately deep or deep (90 to 125 cm) to a densic contact (till); mollic epipedon 25 to 65 cm thick
Wellscreek--very deep (more than 150 cm); formed in colluvium derived from sedimentary or metasedimentary rock; channers; dry 60 to 75 consecutive days in summer; forested

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--950 to 1960 m
Climate--cold, wet winters; warm, dry summers
Mean annual precipitation--380 to 1290 mm
Mean annual air temperature--2 to 6 degrees C
Frost-free period--25 to 80 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Analulu--on convex backslopes and ridges; moderately deep (50 to 100 cm) to lithic contact (argillite); minor influence of volcanic ash; under Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, or grand fir forest
Blackgulch--on moderately dissected backslopes; shallow (25 to 50 cm) to lithic contact (serpentine); mollic epipedon that has a minor influence of volcanic ash; under ponderosa pine or Douglas-fir forest and an understory of elk sedge or common snowberry
Bluecanyon--on shoulder slopes and ridges; shallow (25 to 50 cm) to argillite; mollic epipedon that has a minor amount of volcanic ash; loamy-skeletal cambic horizon; under western juniper, curl-leaf mountain mahogany, big sagebrush, Idaho fescue, bluebunch wheatgrass, and Sandberg bluegrass
Vogel--on convex shoulders and backslopes; shallow (25 to 50 cm) to lithic contact (argillite); minor amount of volcanic ash mixed in loamy-skeletal colluvium; under open ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir forest

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Saturation during normal years--none
Flooding--none
Ponding--none
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--high, moderately high

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--livestock grazing, watershed, wildlife habitat, recreation
Native vegetation--western juniper, ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, Idaho fescue, bluebunch wheatgrass, mountain big sagebrush, Sandberg bluegrass, prairie Junegrass, common yarrow, bottlebrush squirreltail, western needlegrass, bitterbrush, elk sedge
Plant association--dominantly ARTRV/FEID (mountain big sagebrush/Idaho fescue); may include ARTRV/SYOR/BRCA (mountain big sagebrush/mountain snowberry/mountain brome) or ARTRV/AGSP (mountain big sagebrush/bluebunch wheatgrass)

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Blue Mountains in eastern Oregon; MLRA 10; small extent

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Wallowa-Whitman National Forest, Oregon; 2018

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Mollic epipedon--zone from the surface to a depth of 33 cm
*Cambic horizon--zone from 33 to 71 cm
*Volcanic glass--zone from the surface to a depth of 33 cm
*Particle-size control section--zone from 25 to 94 cm

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.