LOCATION KLEJ                    DE+MA MD NJ VA

Established Series
JEB/Rev. JAK
11/2015

KLEJ SERIES


MLRA(s): 149A, 149B, 153A, 153B, 153C, 153D
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
Depth Class: Very deep
Drainage Class: Somewhat poorly drained
Permeability: Rapid or very rapid
Surface Runoff: Slow
Parent Material: Sandy fluvio-marine sediments
Slope: 0 to 5 percent
Mean Annual Air Temperature (type location): 57 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation (type location): 45 inches

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mesic, coated Aquic Quartzipsamments

TYPICAL PEDON: Klej loamy sand, wooded (Colors are for moist soil).

Oi--0 to 3 inches; dark reddish gray (2.5YR 3/1) peat (fibric material); common medium and many very fine and fine roots; 9/10 visible fibers after rubbing; extremely acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 4 inches thick)

Oe--3 to 4 inches; reddish gray (2.5YR 5/1) mucky peat (hemic material); few coarse and common medium and many very fine and fine roots; 1/2 to 7/10 visible fibers after rubbing; extremely acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 2 inches thick)

A--4 to 7 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) loamy sand; weak fine granular structure; very friable; nonsticky; nonplastic; few coarse and common medium and common very fine and fine roots; many fine and medium interstitial pores; 50 percent white, uncoated sand grains throughout; extremely acid; clear smooth boundary. (1 to 6 inches thick)

Bh--7 to 8 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) sand; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; nonsticky; nonplastic; common very fine and fine and common medium roots; many fine and medium interstitial pores and common fine and medium tubular pores; very strongly acid; abrupt broken boundary. (0 to 2 inches thick)

E--8 to 14 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) loamy sand; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; nonsticky; nonplastic; few coarse and common medium and common very fine and fine roots; common fine and medium vesicular pores and common fine and medium interstitial pores; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)

Bw--14 to 20 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) loamy sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; nonsticky; nonplastic; few medium and few very fine and fine roots; many fine and medium interstitial pores and common fine and medium tubular pores; common medium light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) irregular iron depletions throughout and many medium and coarse yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) irregular soft iron masses throughout and few medium yellowish red (5YR 4/6) threads of soft iron accumulation along root channels and few fine dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) threads of soft manganese masses throughout; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 30 inches thick)

C1--20 to 35 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) loamy sand; massive; very friable; nonsticky; nonplastic; few medium and coarse roots; many fine and medium tubular pores; common coarse light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) irregular iron depletions throughout and many medium yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) irregular soft iron masses throughout and few fine yellowish red (5YR 5/6) threads of soft iron accumulations along root channels; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)

C2--35 to 62 inches; pale yellow (2.5Y 7/3) sand; single grain; loose; nonsticky; nonplastic; few very fine and fine roots; common medium light gray (2.5Y 7/1) irregular iron depletions throughout and common medium strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) irregular soft iron masses throughout and few fine yellowish red (5YR 5/8) irregular soft iron masses throughout; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 30 inches thick)

Cg--62 to 80 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) sand; single grain; loose; nonsticky; nonplastic; common medium yellowish red (5YR 4/6) irregular soft iron masses throughout and few fine yellowish red (5YR 5/8) irregular soft iron masses throughout; strongly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Sussex County, Delaware; 5,320 feet north of State Road 26 and it's intersection with County Road 350 in the town of Millville; 300 feet northwest of County Road 350; USGS Bethany Beach topographic quadrangle; latitude 38 degrees 33 minutes 42.3 seconds N. and longitude 75 degrees 6 minutes 29.6 seconds W., NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 72 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 10 to 24 inches, December to May with wide seasonal fluctuation
Rock Fragments: 0 to 5 percent, by volume above a depth of 30 inches and 0 to 35 percent below 30 inches. mostly fine rounded pebbles
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid, throughout the profile, unless limed.

RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
Oi horizon (if it occurs):
Color--2.5YR to 10YR, value of 2 or 3, chroma of 1 to 3
Texture--peat

Oe horizon (if it occurs):
Color--2.5YR to 10YR, value of 3 to 5, chroma of 1 to 3
Texture--mucky peat

A horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 1 to 4
Texture--loamy sand, fine sand, or loamy fine sand

Bh horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 or 4, chroma of 3 or 4
Texture--loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sand, or fine sand

E horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, chroma of 1 to 4
Texture--loamy sand, fine sand, or loamy fine sand

BE horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 3 to 6
Texture--loamy sand, fine sand, or loamy fine sand

Bw horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 5 or 6, chroma of 3 to 6
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loamy sand or loamy fine sand in the upper part and loamy fine sand, loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, or sand in the lower part
Redoximorphic Features--iron depletions in shades of olive, gray, or white and iron accumulations in shades of red, brown, yellow, or olive

Bg horizon (if it occurs)::
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 5 or 6, chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loamy fine sand, loamy sand loamy, coarse sand, or sand
Redoximorphic Features--iron depletions in shades of olive, gray, or white and iron accumulations in shades of red, brown, yellow, or olive

C horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 6
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy clay loam, sandy loam, loamy sand, sand
Redoximorphic Features--iron depletions in shades of olive, gray, or white and iron accumulations in shades of red, brown, yellow, or olive

Cg horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy clay loam, sandy loam, loamy sand, sand
Redoximorphic Features--iron depletions in shades of olive, gray, or white and iron accumulations in shades of red, brown, yellow, or olive

COMPETING SERIES:
Galloway soils--moderately well drained and have low chroma depletions at a depth of 24 to 40 inches, on slightly higher landforms
Majik soils--have a mean annual air temperature of less than 52 degrees F., and formed in sandy alluvium on stream terraces

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Coastal Plain
Landform: Broad upland depressions and flats
Elevation: 15 to 120 feet
Parent Material: Sandy fluvio-marine sediments that are highly siliceous. In some places, the sediments have been reworked by wind.
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 52 to 58 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation: 36 to 48 inches
Frost Free Period: 190 to 215 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Atsion soils--poorly drained with a seasonal high water table at 6 to 12 inches and have a spodic horizon, on lower-lying landforms
Berryland soils--very poorly drained with a seasonal high water table at +6 to 6 inches and have a spodic horizon, on lower-lying landforms
Downer soils--well drained and have a coarse-loamy particle-size control section, on higher landforms
Evesboro soils--excessively drained, on higher landforms
Fallsington soils--poorly drained with a seasonal high water table at 0 to 12 inches and a fine-loamy particle-size control section, on lower-lying landforms
Fort Mott soils--well drained, have an argillic horizon and a loamy particle-size control section, on higher landforms
Hurlock soils--poorly drained and have a coarse-loamy particle-size control section, on slightly lower-lying landforms
Galestown soils--somewhat excessively drained and have an argillic horizon, on higher landforms
Lakehurst soils--moderately well drained with a seasonal high water table at 18 to 42 inches and have a spodic horizon, on slightly higher landforms
Lakewood soils--excessively drained and have a thin spodic horizon, on slightly higher landforms
Matawan soils--moderately well drained, have an argillic horizon and a siliceous, fine-loamy particle-size control section, on higher landforms
Sassafras soils-well drained, have an argillic horizon and a fine-loamy particle-size control section, on higher landforms
Woodstown soils--moderately well drained, have an argillic horizon and a mixed, fine-loamy particle-size control section, on higher landforms

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage Class: Somewhat poorly drained
Surface Runoff: Slow
Permeability Class: Rapid or very rapid

USE AND VEGETATION: Some areas are irrigated. Cultivated areas are used for corn, soybeans, hay, and truck crops. Native vegetation is mixed oaks, sweetgum, red maple, pond pine and loblolly pine.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Maryland, Delaware, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Virginia; Moderate

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Monmouth County, New Jersey, 1946

REMARKS: The type location site was moved to Sussex County, DE. Klej soils were not correlated in the update survey Queen Annes County, MD, the previous type location. Inherently these soils have a low base status. Undisturbed pedons in wooded areas commonly have a microsequence of an A, E, and Bh horizon (micro-podzol). Total thickness of the A, E, and Bh horizons is less than 6 inches and individual Bh horizons are less than 2 inches thick.

Diagnostic horizons and other diagnostic soil characteristics recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 4 to 14 inches (A, Bh and E horizons)

SOIL INTERPRETATION RECORD (Original Maryland Type Location Site): MD0053, MD0104 (SANDY SUBSTRATUM).


National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.