LOCATION LAPINE OR

Established Series
Rev. JSC/AON/TDT
03/2011

LAPINE SERIES

The Lapine series consists of very deep, excessively drained soils that formed in air-laid mantles of paragravel pumice and ash. Lapine soils are on pumice mantled lava plains, hills and cinder cones. Slopes are 0 to 70 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 25 inches and the mean annual temperature is about 43 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy-pumiceous, glassy Xeric Vitricryands

TYPICAL PEDON: Lapine paragravelly ashy loamy coarse sand, woodland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)

A--0 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) paragravelly ashy loamy coarse sand, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine roots; many very fine pores; about 20 percent paragravel pumice fragments; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear wavy boundary. (1 to 6 inches thick)

Bw1--4 to 9 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) paragravelly ashy loamy coarse sand, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; single grain; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many roots; many very fine pores; about 30 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) paragravel pumice fragments; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear wavy boundary. (3 to 25 inches thick)

Bw2--9 to 18 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) very paragravelly ashy loamy coarse sand; single-grain; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many roots; many very fine pores; about 40 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) paragravel pumice fragments; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)

Bw3--18 to 25 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very paragravelly ashy coarse sand; single-grain; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few roots; many very fine pores; about 45 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) paragravel pumice fragments; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 30 inches thick)

C1--25 to 46 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4), olive brown (2.5Y 4/4), and dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) extremely paragravelly ashy coarse sand; single grain; loose; few roots; many very fine pores; about 75 percent paragravel pumice fragments; neutral (pH 6.7); gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 60 inches thick)

C2--46 to 60 inches; light gray (2.5Y 7/2) light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) and white (N 8/ ) extremely paragravelly ashy coarse sand; single grain; loose; few roots; many very fine pores; about 60 percent paragravel pumice fragments; neutral (pH 7.1); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 21 inches thick)

2Ab--60 to 64 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) loam, weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common roots; many very fine pores; about 10 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.7); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)

2Bwb--64 to 94 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) loam, weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable to brittle, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common roots; many very fine pores; neutral (pH 7.1).

TYPE LOCATION: Klamath County, Oregon; on top of Sugar Hill; 700 feet east and 600 feet north of the southwest corner section 24, T. 33 S., R. 7 1/2 E.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature is 42 to 45 degrees F., the mean summer soil temperature without an O horizon is 52 to 59 degrees F. and with an O horizon is 40 to 47 degrees F. and the mean winter soil temperature is 32 to 35 degrees F. The soils are dry for 45 to 60 consecutive days. Solum thickness is 14 to 35 inches. Depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches. Depth to loamy buried soils is 40 to over 60 inches. Paragravel pumice fragments are 2 millimeters to 4 centimeters in diameter average 35 to 85 percent in the 0 to 40-inch particle-size control section. The fine earth fraction is vesicular ash predominantly of coarse sand or loamy coarse sand. Field estimated clay content is 0 to 5 percent. The solum has andic soil properties with 70 to 100 percent glass and glass-coated aggregate, phosphate retention of 25 to 50 percent, acid oxalate aluminum plus one-half the acid oxalate iron of 0.4 to 1.0 percent, 15 bar water content of 3 to 12 percent on both dried and undried samples and moist bulk density of 0.70 to 1.00 grams per cubic centimeter.

Some pedons have an O horizon up to 3 inches thick.

The A horizon has value of 2 to 4 moist, 4 to 6 dry, and chroma of 1 to 3 moist and dry. It is ashy coarse sandy loam, ashy loamy sand or ashy loamy coarse sand. It contains 15 to 35 percent paragravel pumice fragments. It is moderately acid to neutral.

The Bw horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 8 moist, 6 to 8 dry, and chroma of 0 to 8 moist and 0 to 6 dry. Colors mainly are due to uncoated mineral grains. It is very paragravelly or extremely paragravelly ashy coarse sand or ashy loamy coarse sand with strata of paragravelly ashy coarse sand or ashy coarse sand. It is moderately acid to neutral.

The C horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 8 moist, 6 to 8 dry and chroma of 0 to 4 moist and dry. It is slightly acid to slightly alkaline. Glass content is 70 to 100 percent.

The buried soil when present, has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 3 to 6 moist, 5 to 7 dry, and chroma of 2 to 4 moist and dry. It is fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam or silty clay loam. Some pedons contain relic redoximorphic features. It is slightly acid to slightly alkaline.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Maklak, Shadypass and Wedge series. Maklak soils have cobble-size pumice and scoracious coarse fragments in the particle size control section. Wedge soils have acid-oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half iron of more than 2 percent and have a spodic horizon. Shadypass soils have acid-oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half the iron of more than 2 percent and have ashy sandy loam and ashy coarse sandy loam textures in the particle-size control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lapine soils are on pumice mantled tablelands, escarpments, terraces, cinder cones, and hills. Elevations range from 4,000 to 6,500 feet. Slopes are 0 to 70 percent. The soils formed in thick air-laid deposits of dacitic pumiceous ash and gravel-size pumice fragments. The climate is subhumid with cool dry summers and cold winters with much snow. The mean annual precipitation is 15 to 50 inches. The mean January temperature is 25 to 27 degrees F., the mean July temperature is 59 to 62 degrees F., and the mean annual temperature is 37 to 45 degrees F. The frost-free period is 0 to 50 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Shanahan, Steiger, Tutni, Wickiup, and the competing Maklak soils. Shanahan soils are ashy over loamy. Steiger soils are ashy. Tutni soils are ashy and have redox features at depths of 14 to 20 inches. Wickiup soils are poorly drained and have and aquic soil moisture regime.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Excessively drained; very rapid permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: The soils are used for timber, wildlife habitat, and recreation. The overstory is mainly ponderosa pine, Douglas fir, white fir, sugar pine, and lodgepole pine. The understory is mainly antelope bitterbrush, manzanita, snowbrush ceanothus and western needlegrass.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Pumice mantled region of central and south-central Oregon; MLRA 6. The series is extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Deschutes County, Oregon, 1946.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features:
Ochric epipedon - color is strongly contrasting within the fine-earth fraction. Soil material less than 0.5 millimeters in size has mollic colors and material greater than or equal to 0.5 millimeters in size has bright colors or high value and chroma.
Andic soil properties - based on data from the geographically associated Steiger series pedon S87OR-035-001.
Particle-size control section (0 to 40 inches) - andic soil properties are present from 0 to 25 inches and 15 bar water content is less than 12 percent throughout the control section. Coarse fragments (weighted average) is 50 percent and all are pumice.
Pumice and ash are from Mt. Mazama.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization data on 6 profiles (S72 Oreg. 18-5, 18-6, 18-7, 18-8, 18-9, 18-10) reported in Riverside Soil Survey Laboratory report for Lapine soils sampled in Klamath County, Oregon, 1972.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.