LOCATION LUNDLAKE MN
Established Series
Rev. KDM-KDS-AGG
03/2014
LUNDLAKE SERIES
The Lundlake series consists of very deep, very poorly drained soils formed in loamy or silty colluvium and underlying calcareous, loamy glacial till. These soils are in shallow depressions on moraines. The permeability is moderate or moderately slow in the upper part and moderately rapid in the underlying glacial till. Slopes range from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 46 degrees F and mean annual precipitation is about 27 inches.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Cumulic Endoaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Lundlake silty clay loam with a slope of less than 1 percent in a depression in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted)
Ap--0 to 12 inches; black (N 2/0) silty clay loam, very dark gray (N 3/0) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; about 2 percent gravel; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.
A1--12 to 22 inches; black (N 2/0) loam, very dark gray (N 3/0) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to moderate very fine subangular blocky; friable; about 1 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
A2--22 to 28 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderated medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate very fine subangular blocky; friable; about 1 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizons is 24 to 60 inches).
AB--28 to 36 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate very fine subangular blocky; friable; about 1 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
2Bg1--36 to 45 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) sandy loam; few fine distinct light olive (5Y 5/4) Fe concentrations; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; about 2 percent gravel; about 5 percent cobbles; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
2Bg2--45 to 72 inches; light olive gray (5Y 6/2) sandy loam; few fine distinct olive (5Y 5/4) Fe concentrations; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; about 2 percent gravel; about 7 percent cobbles; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
2Cg--72 to 80 inches; light gray (5Y 6/1) sandy loam; common fine prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) Fe concentrations; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; about 3 percent gravel; about 7 percent cobbles; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: About 2 miles west and 4 miles south of Eden Valley; about 800 feet north and 525 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 20, T. 121 N., R. 31 W.; USGS Eden Valley quadrangle, lat. 45 degrees 16 minutes 15 seconds N. and long. 94 degrees 35 minutes 30 seconds W., NAD27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The soil moisture control section is saturated from November to July. It is moist in all parts during the 90 days following the summer solstice. Depth to free carbonates is from 30 to 74 inches. The Ap horizons in a few pedons have a small amount of carbonates. The mollic epipedon ranges from 24 to 60 inches thick. The control section averages between 20 and 27 percent clay and from 35 to 50 percent sand (30 to 45 percent fine sand and coarser). Rock fragments of mixed lithology range from about 0 to 6 percent by volume in the A horizons and increase to about 1 to 15 percent in the lower horizons. Some pedons have an O horizon as much as 6 inches thick.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y or neutral, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 0 or 1. It is loam, sandy loam, clay loam or silty clay loam with less than 30 percent clay. Some pedons have mucky modifiers. Some pedons have silt loam subhorizons. It is commonly neutral but ranges to slightly acid. Some pedons are slightly alkaline in the upper part.
A Bg horizon with loam or sandy clay loam textures is present in some pedons.
The 2Bg horizon has hue of 2,5Y or 5Y, value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 1 or 2. It is loam, sandy loam or fine sandy loam. It is neutral or slightly alkaline.
A 2Bkg horizon may be present.
The 2Cg horizon commonly has hue of 5Y or 5GY, value of 5 or 6 and chroma of 1 or 2. It has high chroma mottles. It is typically fine sandy loam or sandy loam but some pedons have thin subhorizons of loam. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Coland,
Comfrey,
Delft,
Excello,
Glencoe,
Gus,
James Canyon,
Keddie,
Kimmerling,
Nosal(T),
Romnell, Roundual(T) and
Wenas soils. Coland, Comfrey and Gus soils do not have rock fragments in their series control section. Delft and Roundual soils are dry in some part of the soil moisture control section during the 90 days following the summer solstice in 6 years out of 10. Excello soils do not have free carbonates within the series control section. Glencoe soils have more than 27 percent clay and less than 30 percent sand in the series control section. James Canyon, Keddie and Kimmerling soils are dry in at least part of the soil moisture control section during the 120 days following the summer solstice. Nosal soils have more than 27 percent clay in the lower half of the particle size control section. Romnel soils have appreciable gypsum in the series control section. Wenas soils have sandy textures in the lower one third of the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lundlake soils are in closed depressions within moraines. Slopes range from 0 to 1 percent. They formed in loamy or silty colluvium and underlying calcareous, loamy glacial till of the Wadena lobe of the late Wisconsin glaciation. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 45 to 50 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation is 24 to 28 inches. The number of frost free days ranges from 140 to 155 days. Elevation above sea level ranges from 900 to 1300 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Forestcity,
Grovecity,
Crowriver,
Koronis,
Marcellon,
Sunburg,
Swedegrove,
Uniongrove and
Wadenill. Koronis, Sunburg and Wadenill are well drained. Koronis and Wadenill are on back slopes, shoulders and summits. Sunburg is calcareous throughout and is on shoulders. Somewhat poorly drained and moderately well drained Grovecity soils and the somewhat poorly drained Marcellon soils are on summits. Poorly drained Forestcity soils are on footslopes. Poorly drained Crowriver soils are highly calcareous and on rims of depressions. Poorly drained Swedegrove and Uniongrove are nearby on level higher landscape positions. Swedegrove is calcareous throughout.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly drained. Surface runoff is negligible. Permeability is moderate or moderately slow in the upper part and moderately rapid in the lower part. An apparent seasonal high water table is at 1 foot above to 0.5 foot below the surface and ponded phase is as high as 3 feet above the surface at some time during January to December in most years, unless the soils are drained.
USE AND VEGETATION: Where drained, these areas are cultivated. The principal crops are corn, soybeans, and small grain. The native vegetation is herbaceous marsh species tolerant of excessive wetness such as, cattails, bulrushes, giant burreed, giant reed grass and hydrophytic sedges.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and South central Minnesota. This series is moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Meeker County, Minnesota, 1995
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons are: mollic epipedon-the zone from the surface to 36 inches (Ap,A1,A2,AB horizons); cambic horizon from 36 to 72 inches (2Bg horizons). Other features: aquic moisture condition - saturation in the soil moisture control section and low chroma matrix with Fe depletion below the mollic epipedon; mesic temperature regime; Cumulic subgroup - mollic epipedon greater than 24 inches thick.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station Central File Code number 4045, 4598, 4599, and 4600 for results of laboratory analyses of some pedons of this series. Soil Interpretations Record numbers are MN0687 and MN0756 (ponded).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.