LOCATION PILLOT IL+IA WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Pillot silt loam, in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 20 centimeters (0 to 8 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silt loam; moderate fine and medium granular structure; friable; many roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
A1--20 to 28 centimeters (8 to 11 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silt loam; moderate fine and medium granular structure; friable; many roots; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
A2--28 to 38 centimeters (11 to 15 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam; moderate fine and medium granular structure; friable; common roots; common distinct black (10YR 2/1) organic coats on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the A horizon is 25 to 51 centimeters (10 to 20 inches).]
Bt1--38 to 48 centimeters (15 to 19 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common roots; common distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) organic coats on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--48 to 61 centimeters (19 to 24 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam; moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common roots; many distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt3--61 to 81 centimeters (24 to 32 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common roots; common distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; few black (5YR 2/1) stains; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 25 to 51 centimeters (10 to 20 inches) thick.]
2BC--81 to 91 centimeters (32 to 36 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) sandy clay loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few roots; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. [0 to 13 centimeters (0 to 5 inches) thick]
2C1--91 to 104 centimeters (36 to 41 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loamy sand; single grain; loose; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
2C2--104 to 152 centimeters (41 to 60 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loamy sand stratified with thin sandy loam lenses; single grain; loose; moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 108B-Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift, East Central Part; Logan County, Illinois subset; about 2 miles south of San Jose; about 730 meters (2,396 feet) east and 9 meters (30 feet) north of the southwest corner of section 7, T. 21 N., R. 4 W.; USGS Delavan South quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 16 minutes 36 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 35 seconds 37 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the mollic epipedon--25 to 51 centimeters (10 to 20 inches)
Depth to loamy sand or sandy deposits--51 to 102 centimeters (20 to 40 inches)
Depth to carbonates--greater than 152 centimeters (greater than 60 inches)
Content of clay in the upper two thirds of the particle-size control section (weighted average)--24 to 35 percent
Content of clay in the lower one third of the particle-size control section (weighted average)--2 to 10 percent
Content of sand in the upper two thirds of the particle-size control section (weighted average)--less than 10 percent
Content of sand in the lower one third of the particle-size control section (weighted average)--70 to 95 percent
Ap or A horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--1 to 3
Texture--silt loam or silty clay loam
Clay content--20 to 30 percent
Sand content--less than 10 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral
AB horizon (when present):
Hue--10YR
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--2 or 3
Texture--silt loam or silty clay loam
Clay content--20 to 30 percent
Sand content--less than 10 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral
Bt horizon:
Hue--7.5YR or 10YR
Value--3 to 5
Chroma--3 or 4
Texture--silty clay loam or silt loam
Clay content--24 to 35 percent
Sand content--less than 10 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral
2BC horizon (when present):
Hue--7.5YR or 10YR
Value--3 to 5
Chroma--3 or 4
Texture--sandy clay loam, loam, sandy loam, clay loam, fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand
Clay content--5 to 25 percent
Sand content--40 to 80 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral
2C horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--4 to 6
Texture--loamy fine sand, loamy sand, sand, or stratified and contain strata of fine sand and sandy loam
Clay content--2 to 10 percent
Sand content--75 to 95 percent
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Sylvester and
Whitehall series.
Sylvester--have a paralithic contact with sandstone bedrock within depths of 51 to 102 centimeters (20 and 40 inches)
Whitehall--have a frequently saturated zone within depths of 1.1 to 1.8 meters (3.5 to 6 feet) in normal years
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--51 to 102 centimeters (20 to 40 inches) of loess or other silty material and in the underlying loamy sand or sandy deposits
Landform--loess covered sandy outwash plains, wind-blown sandy hummocks, or treads and risers on stream terraces
Slopes--0 to 18 percent
Elevation--152 to 427 meters (500 to 1,400 feet) above sea level
Mean annual air temperature--7 to 14 degrees C (45 to 57 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation--76 to 102 centimeters (30 to 40 inches)
Frost-free period--145 to 180 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Dickinson,
Ipava,
Onarga, and
Tama soils.
Dickinson--are in landscape positions similar to those of the Pillot soils and have a clay content of 10 to 18 percent in the particle-size control section
Ipava--are at higher elevations on interfluves, have a frequently saturated zone within depths of 0.3 to 0.6 meters (1 to 2 feet) in normal years, and have a clay content of 35 to 42 percent in the particle-size control section
Onarga--are in landscape positions similar to those of the Pillot soils, have a clay content of 12 to 18 percent in the particle-size control section, and have an argillic horizon
Tama--are at higher elevations on interfluves and side slopes, have a clay content of 24 to 32 percent and a sand content of less than 5 percent in the particle-size control section
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class--well drained--a frequently saturated zone does not occur within a depth of 1.8 meters (6 feet) in normal years
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--moderately high in the upper part and high or very high in the underlying sandy deposits
Surface runoff potential--negligible to medium, depending on slope
USE AND VEGETATION:
Most areas are cultivated. The principal crops are corn, small grain, and grass-legume hay. The native vegetation is big bluestem, little bluestem, switchgrass, and other grasses of the tall grass prairie.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic Sections--Wisconsin driftless section, Till Plains, and Dissected till plains
MLRAs--Northern Mississippi Valley Loess Hills (105) and Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift (108)
LRR M; central and northwestern Illinois, western Wisconsin and eastern Iowa
Extent--moderate
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Trempealeau County, Wisconsin, 1969
REMARKS:
Particle size control section--the zone from a depth of 38 to 100 centimeters (15 to 39 inches) (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, 2BC and 2C1 horizons);
series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 150 centimeters (0 to 59 inches) (Ap, A1, A2, Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, 2BC, 2C1, and 2C2 horizons)
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
mollic epipedon--the zone from the surface to a depth of 38 centimeters (0 to 15 inches) (Ap, A1 and A2 horizons);
argillic horizon--the zone from a depth of 38 to 81 centimeters (15 to 32 inches) (Bt1, Bt2 and Bt3 horizons);
udic moisture regime.
Cation-exchange class is supported by laboratory data, pedon number 66IL107007, NSSL.
Taxonomy version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, ninth edition, 2003
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory data--National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, Nebraska, pedon number 66IL107007 (http://ssldata.sc.egov.usda.gov/)