LOCATION POYGAN WI

Established Series
Rev. HFG-AAC
01/2011

POYGAN SERIES

The Poygan series consists of very deep, poorly drained soils formed in clayey till on ground moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 762 mm (30 inches). Mean annual air temperature is about 8.9 degrees C (48 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Typic Epiaquolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Poygan silty clay loam - on a 1 percent slope in a pasture at an elevation of about 254 meters (833 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 18 cm (0 to 7 inches); black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; moderate medium and fine granular structure; friable; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. [18 to 31 cm (7 to 12 inches) thick]

AB--18 to 33 cm (7 to 13 inches); very dark gray (5Y 3/1) silty clay; olive gray (5Y 5/2) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; slightly alkaline; clear irregular boundary. [0 to 18 cm (0 to 7 inches) thick]

Bg--33 to 48 cm (13 to 19 inches); gray (5Y 5/1) clay; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; firm; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; slightly alkaline; clear irregular boundary. [13 to 20 cm (5 to 8 inches) thick]

BC--48 to 69 cm (19 to 27 inches); olive (5Y 5/3) and brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate and strong medium angular blocky; firm; many coarse prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; slightly alkaline; clear irregular boundary. [15 to 23 cm (6 to 9 inches) thick]

C--69 to 152 cm (27 to 60 inches); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silty clay; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky in the upper few inches; firm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) coatings around root channels; common medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; few igneous and dolomititic gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin; about 2 1/2 miles northwest of Vandyne; 2,375 feet west and 100 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 2, T. 16 N., R. 16 E. USGS Van Dyne, Wisconsin topographic quadrangle; lat. 43 degrees 53 minutes 36 seconds N., and long. 88 degrees 33 minutes 11 secinds W., NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 18 to 38 cm (7 to 15 inches)
Depth to the base of soil development: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Thickness of loess or silty material: 0 to 51 cm (0 to 20 inches)
Depth to carbonates: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Particle-size control section: averages 35 to 60 percent clay, 5 to 30 percent fine sand or coarser
Volume of gravel: 1 to 12 percent
Volume of cobbles: 0 to 2 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to to slightly alkaline in the upper part of the solum, neutral to moderately alkaline in the lower part; slightly or moderately alkaline in the substratum
Saturation: within a depth of 31 cm (12 inches) for some time in most years

A horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y or N
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 0 or 1
Texture: silty clay loam; silt loam or fine sandy loam in some pedons

AB horizon (whrer present):
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y or N
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 0 to 2
Texture: clay, silty clay or silty clay loam; clay loam in some pedons

Bg horizon:
Hue: 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y or N
Value: 4 to 6; 3 in upper part in some pedons
Chroma: 0 to 2
Texture: clay, silty clay or silty clay loam; clay loam in some pedons

BC horizon:
Hue: 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 0 to 4
Texture: silty clay, clay, silty clay loam or clay loam

C horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR, 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: silty clay or clay; silty clay loam or clay loam in some pedons

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Poygan soils are on ground moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Poygan soils formed in clayey till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 711 to 813 mm (28 to 32 inches). Mean annual air temperature ranges from about 7.2 to 10.0 degrees C (45 to 50 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Kewaunee, Manawa, and Oshkosh soils and the competing Menasha and Poy soils. The well drained and moderately well drained Kewaunee and somewhat poorly drained Manawa soils are in a drainage sequence with the Poygan soils. Oshkosh soils are on the higher rises and are better drained than Poygan soils. Menasha soils are in similar landscape positions. Poy soils are in a similar landscape position as the Poygan soils.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff ranges from negligible to high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately low to moderately high (0.42 to 1.41 micrometers per second). Permeability is slow. These soils have a seasonal perched high water table within a depth of 31 cm (1 foot) for long periods in most years.

USE AND VEGETATION: Many areas are drained and used for cropland. Common crops are corn, oats, and alfalfa. Undrained areas are used for in woodland or pastureland. Native vegetation is deciduous swamp forest of American elm, red maple, and white ash.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 89, 95A, and 95B in southeastern Wisconsin. The Poygan soils are of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Waushara County, Wisconsin, 1909.

REMARKS:
12/04 1650 acres of Poygan were correlated in Door County as a temperature taxadjunct because they are in the frigid temperature zone. A new series is needed.

12/04 - This series previously included 2 different parent materials (clayey till and clayey lacustrine deposits). This revision redefines this series as being formed in clayey till only. A new series is needed for 1100 acres in Columbia County, 3850 acres in Green Lake County, 5240 acres in Juneau County, and 3480 acres in Marquette County which were correlated as being formed in clayey lacustrine deposits. In addition, a portion of the acreage correlated in surveys in Adams, Brown, Calumet-Manitowoc, Fond du Lac, Kewaunee, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Sheboygan, and Waushara Counties may be formed in clayey lacustrine deposits. A new series will be needed for these acres when these surveys are updated.

Diagnostic horizons and feature recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - 0 to 33 cm (0 to 13 inches) (A, AB); cambic horizon - 33 to 69 cm (13 to 27 inches) (Bg, BC); aquic suborder saturation between 41 to 51 cm (16 and 20 inches) with chroma of 1 in the lower part of the mollic epipedon and chroma of 1 in the matrix immediately below the mollic epipedon with hue yellower than 2.5Y.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.