LOCATION SHOLANDER WA

Established Series
Rev.CAB/TMR/SBC
06/2011

SHOLANDER SERIES

The Sholander series consists of deep, somewhat poorly drained soils formed in glacial outwash over dense glaciomarine deposits. These soils are in valleys of drift plains. Slopes are 0 to 20 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 24 inches and the mean annual temperature is about 49 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, isotic, mesic Aquic Humixerepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Sholander gravelly loam, pasture, in a gently sloping valley at 70 feet elevation. When described on July, 16, 2003 the soil was dry throughout. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)

A--0 to 8 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine and fine roots throughout; many very fine and fine irregular and interstitial pores; 10 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; slightly acid (pH 6.2); clear wavy boundary. (7 to 12 inches thick)

E--8 to 16 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) gravelly sandy loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; moderately hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) iron-manganese masses throughout; many very fine and fine interstitial pores; 20 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; moderately acid (pH 5.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (8 to 15 inches thick)

Bg1--16 to 28 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) gravelly loamy sand, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine roots throughout; many very fine and fine interstitial pores; common prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) iron-manganese masses throughout, many faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions throughout; 25 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 6.0); gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)

Bg2--28 to 51 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) gravelly sand, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine roots throughout; many very fine and fine interstitial pores; common prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) iron-manganese masses throughout, many faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions throughout; 15 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 6.0); gradual wavy boundary. (15 to 30 inches thick)

2Cd--51 to 60 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) loam, light gray (10YR 7/1) dry; massive; very hard; firm; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) iron masses throughout; 10 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.9).

TYPE LOCATION: San Juan County, Washington - about 600 feet north and 1,800 feet east of southwest corner of section 9, T. 34 N., R. 1 W. Willamette Baseline Meridian; USGS Lopez Pass NW quarter quadrangle; lat. 48 degrees 27 minutes 3 seconds N. and long. 122 degrees 48 minutes 56 seconds W.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature - 50 to 52 degrees F.
Moisture control section - dry 60 to 75 days following the summer solstice
Umbric epipedon thickness - 7 to 12 inches
Depth to densic contact - 40 to 60 inches
Depth to redoximorphic features - 7 to 12 inches
Reaction - moderately acid to neutral
Particle-size control section:
Rock fragments - 10 to 30 percent gravel, 0 to 15 percent cobbles, 0 to 10 percent stones, and 10 to 35 percent total

A horizon -
Value - 2 or 3 moist, 3 or 4 dry
Chroma - 1 or 2 moist and dry
Texture - L or SL
Clay content - 8 to 16 percent

E horizon -
Value - 4 or 5 moist, 6 or 7 dry
Chroma - 1 or 2 moist and dry
Clay content - 0 to 8 percent

Bg horizons -
Value - 3 or 4 moist, 5 or 6 dry
Chroma - 2 to 4 moist and dry
Texture - S or LS
Clay content - 0 to 8 percent

2Cd horizon -
Hue - 7.5YR to 2.5Y
Value - 5 or 6 moist, 4 to 7 dry
Chroma - 2 or 3 moist and dry
Texture - L or SL
Clay content - 8 to 15 percent

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Sucia series. Sucia soils lack an albic horizon and do not have redoximorphic features above 18 inches.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Sholander soils are in valleys of drift plains. Slopes range from 0 to 20 percent. These soils formed in glacial drift over dense glaciomarine deposits. Elevations are 0 to 500 feet. The climate is characterized by warm dry summers and mild moist winters. Mean annual precipitation is 18 to 40 inches. Mean annual temperature is 48 to 50 degrees F. The frost-free period is about 200 to 240 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Limepoint, Spieden, Sucia, and Whidbey soils. Limepoint and Spieden soils are in drainageways and depressions of outwash plains and have aquic conditions to the soil surface. Sucia and Whidbey soils are in similar positions but have redoximorphic features at 18 to 27 inches.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Permeability is moderately rapid to very rapid above the densic contact (A to Bg horizons) and very slow in the densic material (2Cd horizon).

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used mainly for pasture, hayland, and forestry. Potential natural vegetation consists of western red cedar, big leaf maple, Douglas fir, grand fir, swordfern, salal, and common snowberry.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Puget Sound valleys in Northwest Washington; MLRA 2, Northern Part. Series is of small extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: San Juan County, Washington - 2006.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
Umbric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 8 inches (A horizon)
Albic horizon - the zone from 8 to 16 inches (E horizon). The albic horizon also meets the requirements of a cambic horizon
Depth to redoximorphic features - 8 inches (top of the E horizon)
Densic contact - 51 inches (top of the 2Cd horizon)
Particle-size control section - the zone from 10 to 40 inches

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.