LOCATION TEWA AZ+NMEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Haplocambids
TYPICAL PEDON: Tewa very fine sandy loam - on a northwest facing slope of 4 percent under rangeland at 5,875 feet elevation. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A--0 to 1 inch; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very fine sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak medium platy structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; common very fine vesicular pores; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 3 inches thick)
AB--1 to 3 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak thin platy structure parting to weak fine subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; many fine tubular pores; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 3 inches thick)
Bw1--3 to 7 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; many very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; very few very fine soft gypsum masses and filaments; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (2 to 10 inches thick)
Bw2--7 to 17 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, firm, sticky and very plastic; many very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; very few very fine soft gypsum masses and filaments; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (6 to 23 inches thick)
Bk1--17 to 25 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; few fine soft gypsum and calcium carbonate masses and filaments; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.
Bk2--25 to 31 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) fine sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; few fine gypsum and calcium carbonate masses; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
2Bk3--31 to 43 inches; mixed brown (7.5YR 5/4) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) and dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic parting to moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; few fine gypsum and calcium carbonate masses; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bk horizons is 30 to 50 inches)
2C--43 to 60 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and plastic; few fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Navajo County, Arizona; about 3 miles southeast of Five Houses on the Hopi Indian Reservation; 1,700 feet north and 500 feet east of the southwest corner of section 33, T.28 N., R.19 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture - Intermittently moist in some part of the soil moisture control section during December-March and July-September. Driest during May and June. Typic aridic soil moisture regime.
Soil temperature - 53 to 59 degrees F.
Rock fragments - Less than 5 percent fine gravel
Gypsum- 0 to 5 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent - 3 to 15 percent as disseminated and segregated
SAR- less than 13
Electrical conductivity - 0 to 8 dS/m
A horizon
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist
Bw horizon
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR, 2.5YR
Value: 5 to 7 dry, 2 to 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4, dry or moist
Texture: fine sandy loam, sandy loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, loam (averages 25 to 35 percent clay; ranges from 18 to 35 percent)
Bk or By horizon
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR, 2.5YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4, dry or moist
Texture: fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam (averages 15 to 25 percent clay)
Calcium carbonate: Segregated masses and accumulations in root channels and pores
Gypsum: A few small crystals in some pedons
C or BC horizon
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR, 2.5YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 2 to 5 moist
Chroma: 2, 3, or 4, dry or moist
Texture: fine sandy loam, sandy loam, sandy clay loam (15 to 25 percent clay)
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Defenbaugh (OR), Hostage (UT), Kinnear (WY), Pavillion (WY), and Rabbitcreek (OR) series. Defenbaugh and Rabbitcreek soils are in the Great Basin Desert (MLRAs 23, 24) and have precipitation more evenly distributed throughout the year. Kinnear soils are in the Northern Rocky Mountains Foothills LRR-E (MLRA 46) and are moist in May and June. Pavillion soils have bedrock above 40 inches. Hostage soils have paralithic contact at 40 to 60 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Tewa soils are on stream and fan terraces. Slopes are 0 to 15 percent. Elevations are 4,900 to 6,100 feet. These soils formed in alluvium derived from sedimentary rocks, mainly shale and sandstone. The mean annual precipitation is 5 to 10 inches. The mean annual air temperature is 51 to 57 degrees F. The frost-free period is 130 to 180 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Jocity, Monue, Polacca, Sheppard, and Wepo soils. Jocity soils do not have cambic horizons. Monue soils are coarse-loamy. Polacca soils have a fine-loamy over sandy contrasting particle-size class. Sheppard soils are sandy. Wepo soils are fine.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium runoff; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for livestock grazing, wildlife habitat, and limited dryland farming. Vegetation is galleta, Indian ricegrass, blue grama and fourwing saltbush.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Arizona and northwestern New Mexico. The soils are moderately extensive. MLRA 35.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Navajo County, Arizona; Hopi Indian Reservation Soil Survey Area; 1985.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from 0 to 3 inches (A, AB horizons)
Cambic horizon - The zone from 3 to 17 inches (Bw1, Bw2 horizons)
Classified according to Soil Taxonomy, Second Edition, 1999; Keys to Soil Taxonomy Tenth Edition, 2006.
Updates and revisions for the correlation of Navajo Mountain Area (AZ711), July 7, 2008, CEM
ADDITIONAL DATA: NSSL Sample S82AZ-017-4