LOCATION WHITED MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: fine, smectitic, frigid Mollic Endoaqualfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Whited silt loam with a plane slope of about 1 percent on a glacial outwash plain in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; neutral, clear wavy boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
Eg--8 to 12 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silt loam; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) Fe concentrations; moderate medium and thin platy structure; friable; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
E/B--12 to 17 inches; 70 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silt loam(E), and 30 percent dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay loam(Bt); common medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) Fe concentrations; weak medium and thin platy structure; friable; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
Btg1--17 to 35 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) Fe concentrations; moderate fine medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many thin dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; neutral; clear wavy boundary.
Btg2--35 to 42 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay; many fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) Fe concentrations; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many thin dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 20 to 35 inches thick)
BCg--42 to 55 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay loam; many fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) Fe concentrations; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
2C--55 to 80 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loamy sand; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) Fe concentrations and grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) depletions; single grain; loose; neutral.
TYPE LOCATION: Kanabec County, Minnesota; about 1.25 miles south of Brunswick; about 1500 feet south and 2300 feet east of northwest corner of sec. 23, T. 38 N., R. 24 W.; USGS Mora South quadrangle; Latitude 45 degrees 46 minutes 14 seconds N., and Longitude 93 degrees 17 minutes 54 seconds W., NAD 27
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to sand and gravel is 24 to 55 inches. It is moderately acid to slightly alkaline in the upper mantle and moderately acid to neutral in the underlying sands and gravels.
The Ap or A horizon has hue 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 to 3. It is silt loam, very fine sandy loam, loam, or silty clay loam.
Uncultivated pedons can have an O horizon 1 to 2 inches thick.
The E horizon has hue 10YR, 5Y, or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 3. It has faint, distinct, or prominent redoximorphic features. It is silt loam, silty clay loam, very fine sandy loam, or loam.
The E/B or B/E horizon has colors and textures of the E and B horizons.
The Btg horizon has 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y hue, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2. It has faint to prominent redoximorphic features in some to all parts. It is silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay. It has few to many, thin to thick clay films in at least some part.
The BC horizon has 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y hue, value 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is silty clay loam, silt loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or clay loam.
Some pedons have a 2BC, 2Bk or Bk horizon.
The 2C horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. It has faint to distinct redoximorphic features. It is loamy fine sand to coarse sand or their gravelly or very gravelly analogues.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Foglake series. Foglake soils do not have coarse textured material in the lower third of the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils are on slightly convex to slightly concave surfaces of glacial outwash plains or lake plains. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. They formed primarily in clayey and silty glacial lacustrine sediments over outwash. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 36 to 45 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 24 to 33 inches. Frost-free days range from 90 to 145. Elevation above sea level ranges from 670 to 1450 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Lewis Lake (T), and Coin (T) soils which formed in similar materials and are the most common associates. The Lewis Lake soils are moderately well draind and the Coin soils are somewhat poorly drained and they all occupy higher landscape positions.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Poorly drained. Surface runoff is low. Saturated hydraulic conductivity, expressed in inches per hour, is .06 to .6 in the upper part and 6 to over 20 in the lower part. The seasonal high saturation is at the surface during the months of April and May in years of normal precipitation.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of these soils are cultivated. Common crops are corn, soybeans, oats, and legume hay. The remaining areas are forested. The native vegetation is a mix of water tolerant grasses and deciduous trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East central Minnesota. Inextensive. MLRA-90
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Kanabec County, Minnesota, 2005.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: Ochric epipedon - the zone from the mineral soil surface to a depth of 12 inches (Ap and Eg horizon); Albic horizon- the zone from 8 to 12 inches (Eg horizon); argillic horizon - the zone from 17 to 42 inches (Btg horizons)