LOCATION ADAVEN                  NV

Established Series
Rev. LNL/LR/LCL/JBF
05/2016

ADAVEN SERIES

The Adaven series consists of moderately deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that formed in sediments derived from mixed rocks and pyroclastic material. Adaven soils are on floodplains and toe slopes of fan piedmonts. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. The average annual precipitation is about 150 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 13 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquic Petrocalcids

TYPICAL PEDON: Adaven loam--pasture. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A1--0 to 5 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine and very fine roots; many fine and medium interstitial pores; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 8 cm thick)

A2--5 to 28 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak medium and fine granular structure; hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine and fine interstitial pores; strongly effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.3); abrupt wavy boundary. (15 to 25 cm thick)

Bk1--28 to 41 cm; very pale brown (10YR 8/3) fine sandy loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) moist; few dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) organic stains in old root channels; massive; hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine and very fine and few medium roots; common very fine and fine tubular, and many fine and very fine interstitial pores; strongly effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.3); abrupt wavy boundary. (18 to 28 cm thick)

Bk2--41 to 61 cm; very pale brown (10YR 8/2) fine sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine, and few medium roots; common very fine and fine tubular; soft small lime nodules; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.9); abrupt wavy boundary. (18 to 28 cm thick)

Bkm--61 to 99 cm; white (10YR 8/1) strongly cemented hardpan (about 10 percent fine gravel), light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) moist; with few fine and medium reddish brown (5YR 4/3) iron stains along root channels; massive; extremely hard, extremely firm, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; common very fine, fine and medium tubular pores and many fine and medium pores that appear to be coated with lime or lime and silica; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.7); clear wavy boundary. (23 to 43 cm thick)

C1--99 to 127 cm; light gray (2.5Y 7/2) sandy loam grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; common, fine, faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) organic stains and a few, fine dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) iron mottles; massive; hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine, fine and medium roots; few fine and medium tubular, and many fine and very fine interstitial pores; 10 to 12 percent fine gravel; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear wavy boundary. (25 to 50 cm thick)

C2--127 to 152 cm; light gray (2.5Y 7/2) sandy loam grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; common medium yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) organic stains and common very fine, fine and medium dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) iron mottles; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine and medium roots; few fine and very fine tubular, and many fine and medium interstitial pores; 10 to 12 percent fine gravel; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.7).

TYPE LOCATION: Lincoln County, Nevada; high water line at north end of Upper Pahranagat Lake, 1,000 feet west of the U.S. Highway 93, about 2,340 feet west and 2,300 feet south of the northeast corner of section 27, T.7S., R.61E.; USGS Alamo7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 37 degrees 18 minutes 43 seconds N and longitude 115 degrees 7 minutes 40 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 37.3119444 latitude, -115.1277778 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually moist and are saturated within 100 cm for 1 month or more during most years, mainly during the winter months.
Mean annual soil temperature; 14 to 15 degrees C.
Effervescence: Strongly effervescent or violently effervescent.
Depth to strongly cemented hardpan: 50 to 75 cm.
Other features: High chroma iron concentrations in 5YR to 10YR hues are found between depths of 50 and 100 cm.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: Averages 10 to 18 percent.

A horizons
Hue: 10YR and 2.5Y.
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3
Reaction: Strongly alkaline or very strongly alkaline.
Sodicity (SAR): 46 to 90.
Salinity (EC): 16 to 32 mmhos/cm.

Bk horizons
Hue: 10YR and 2.5Y.
Value: 7 or 8 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 1 through 3
Texture: Fine sandy loam or loam
Sodicity (SAR): 13 to 46.
Salinity (EC): 8 to 32 mmhos/cm.

Bkm horizon
Consistence: Very hard or extremely hard when dry and very firm or extremely firm when moist.

C horizons
Hue: 10YR and 2.5Y.
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.
Sodicity (SAR): 1 to 12.
Salinity (EC): 0 to 8 mmhos/cm.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Adaven soils occur on smooth, nearly level toe of alluvial fans where they merge with wet flood plains and have slope gradients of 0 to 2 percent slopes. They have formed in sediment from mixed sources including limestone and ignimbrite. The sediments have been modified by evaporation of water from hot springs having a high lime content. Elevations are 915 to 1,220 meters. The climate is arid with a mean annual precipitation of 125 to 175 mm. The mean annual air temperature is about 13 degrees C. The frost free season is about 170 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Adaven soils occur in the same general area as Ash Springs, Carrizo, Geer, Maynard Lake, Pahranagat, and Seaman. Carrizo soils have a sandy-skeletal particle-size control section. Maynard Lake soils have sandy particle-size control sections. Geer and Seaman soils are well drained and have coarse-loamy particle-size control sections. Pahranagat soils are poorly drained and have mollic epipedons.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained; runoff is slow; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity. The water table varies seasonally about 76 cm during most of the year and rising to within 46 cm during the winter months when the vegetation is dormant.

USE AND VEGETATION: The soils are used for grazing. Saltgrass is the dominant species, but in many places there are significant quantities of alkali sacaton, wiregrass, fourwing saltbush and quailbush.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Valleys of southeastern Nevada and possibly southwestern Utah. The series is inextensive. MLRA 29.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Pahranagat and Penoyer Valleys Area, Lincoln County, Nevada, 1965.

REMARKS: These soils were formerly classified as calcium carbonate Solonchaks.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: The zone from the soil surface to 18 cm. (A1 and part of the A2 horizons)
Petrocalcic horizon: The zone from about 61 to 99 cm (Bkm horizon).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to 61 cm (Bk1 and Bk2 horizons and part of A2 horizons).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.