LOCATION ADOS                    NV

Established Series
Rev. OAC/RAF/GJS/JBF
11/2016

ADOS SERIES

The Ados series consists of well drained soils that are moderately deep to a carbonate-cemented hardpan. The soils formed in colluvium and alluvium derived from limestone and dolostone. Ados soils are on lower mountain sideslopes. Slopes are from 4 to 15 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 360 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 7 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, carbonatic, frigid Xeric Petrocalcids

TYPICAL PEDON: Ados gravelly loam-woodland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A1--0 to 5 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) gravelly loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak medium platy structure parting to moderate fine granular; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; common fine and very fine vesicular pores; 15 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 8 cm thick)

A2--5 to 10 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) gravelly loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and very fine roots; common fine and very fine interstitial pores; 30 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); gradual smooth boundary. (5 to 13 cm thick)

Bk--10 to 46 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very gravelly loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few medium, and common fine and very fine roots; common fine and very fine interstitial pores; 50 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary. (15 to 36 cm thick)

Bkq--46 to 76 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) extremely gravelly loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; massive; hard, firm, nonsticky and nonplastic; discontinuous weakly to strongly carbonate and silica-cemented portions; few medium and common fine and very fine roots; common fine and very fine interstitial pores; 60 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt wavy boundary. (25 to 33 cm thick)

Bkm--76 to 99 cm; very pale brown (10YR 8/2) strongly carbonate-cemented extremely gravelly hardpan with thin indurated lamella, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; massive; extremely hard, extremely firm; few very fine interstitial pores; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt wavy boundary. (15 to 30 cm thick)

R--99 cm; fractured limestone.

TYPE LOCATION: Eureka County, Nevada; approximately 14 miles southwest of Eureka in the Mahogany Hills; about 2,100 feet west and 2,600 feet south of the northeast corner of section 32, T. 18 N., R. 52 E.; USGS Combs Peak 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 39 degrees 23 minutes 16 seconds N and longitude 116 degrees 08 minutes 8 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 39.3877778 latitude, -116.1372222 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Moist in winter and spring, dry June through October; aridic soil moisture bordering on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 7 to 8 degrees C.
Depth to petrocalcic horizon: 50 to 86 cm.
Depth to bedrock: 76 to 100 cm.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 10 to 18 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 60 percent.

A horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3.
Structure: Platy, subangular blocky, or granular.
Carbonates: Slightly effervescent through violently effervescent.

Bk horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4.
Texture: Gravelly loam or very gravelly loam.
Structure: Commonly massive; some pedons have weak subangular blocky structure.
Effervescence: Strongly effervescent or violently effervescent.

Bkq horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 5 or 6 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4.
Texture: Very gravelly sandy loam, extremely gravelly sandy loam, very gravelly loam, or extremely gravelly loam.
Cementation: Discontinuous weak, strong, or indurated carbonate and silica cementation in some part.
Effervescence: Strongly effervescent or violently effervescent.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Ados soils are on lower mountain sideslopes. These soils formed in alluvium and colluvium derived from limestone and dolostone. Slopes are 4 to 15 percent. Elevations are 1,985 to 2,445 meters. The climate is cool, semiarid with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 300 to 400 mm, mean annual temperature is 6 to 7 degrees C, and the frost-free season is 50 to 80 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Hayeston, Hopeka, Shagnasty, and Umil soils. Hayeston soils are very deep and lack carbonates on silica cementation. Hopeka soils are shallow to bedrock and lack a hardpan. Shagnasty soils are deep to bedrock and lack a hardpan. Umil soils are shallow to an indurated duripan.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; rapid runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Woodland, rangeland and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly singleleaf pinyon and Utah juniper with an understory of black sagebrush, Indian ricegrass, needlegrass, and low Douglas rabbitbrush.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North-central Nevada. These soils are not extensive. MLRA 28B.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Eureka County Area, Nevada. 1983.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 18 cm (A1, A2 and part of the Bk horizons).
Indurated petrocalcic - The zone from 76 to 99 cm (Bkm horizon).
Lithic contact - The zone at 99 cm (R layer).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to 100 cm (C1 horizon and parts of the Bw2 and C2 horizons).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.