LOCATION ANGEL                   AK

Established Series
Rev. DKS, DKM
02/2022

ANGEL SERIES

Depth class: Shallow
Drainage class: Well drained
Parent material: Loess overlying residuum weathered granite bedrock
Landform: hillsides, mountainsides, and ridge tops
Slopes: 0 to 60 percent
Mean annual precipitation: about 12 inches, 305 mm
Mean annual temperature: about 26 degrees F., -3 C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, shallow Typic Dystrocryepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Angel silt loam - on a slope of 12 percent under aspen and black spruce forest at 1100 feet elevation. (All colors are for moist soil unless noted)

Oi--0 to 1 inches, (0 to 2 cm); dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4); slightly decomposed plant material; many very fine and fine roots; extremely acid (pH 4.0); abrupt smooth boundary.

Oe--1 to 2 inches, (2 to 5 cm); black (5YR 2.5/1); moderately decomposed plant material; many very fine, fine, medium and coarse roots; extremely acid (pH 4.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (the combined thickness of the O horizons is 2 to 6 inches thick)

AE--2 to 3 inches, (5 to 8 cm); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2); silt loam; weak fine granular structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine, medium and coarse roots; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); abrupt wavy boundary. (1 to 2 inches thick)

2Bw--3 to 15 inches, (8 to 38 cm); brown (7.5YR 4/4); extremely cobbly sandy loam; massive; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common fine and medium roots; 20 percent gravel, 50 percent cobble, 10 percent stone; moderately acid (pH 5.6); clear wavy boundary. (4 to 18 inches thick)

2Cr--15 to 72 inches, (38 to 183 cm); weathered granite bedrock

TYPE LOCATION: Fort Wainwright Area, Alaska; about 8 miles west of Eielson AFB; in the NE 1/4 of the SE 1/4, section 6, T. 3 S., R. 5 E.; Big Delta C6 1:63,360 quad; Fairbanks Meridian; UTM north 7173021 and UTM east 509153, zone 6.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Particle-size control (section weighted average):
Percent clay in the control section: 3 to 14 percent
Total coarse fragments in the control section: 40 to 90 percent

Soil moisture regime: Udic
Mean annual soil temperature: 26 degrees F., 50 cm
Thickness of organic material: 2 to 6 inches, 4 to 14 cm
Texture of the loess mantle: silt loam, loam or sandy loam
Texture of the skeletal substratum: loam or sandy loam
Texture of the paralithic underlying layer: weathered granite bedrock
Percent clay in the loess mantle: 3 to 14 percent
Percent clay in the skeletal substratum: 0 to 10 percent
Total coarse fragments in the loess mixed with residuum mantle: 0 to 40 percent
Total coarse fragments in the skeletal substratum: 40 to 90 percent
Thickness of ochric epipedon 1 to 2 inches, 2 to 5 cm
Thickness of cambic horizon 4 to 18 inches, 10 to 46 cm
Depth to paralithic contact: 10 to 20 inches, 25 to 50 cm
Depth to skeletal material: 4 to 16 inches, 10 to 40 cm

O horizon:
Matrix color: hue of 10YR to 5YR; value of 2 or 3; chroma of 1 to 3
Texture: slightly or moderately decomposed plant material
Reaction class: extremely acid or very strongly acid

AE or E horizon:
Matrix color: hue of 10YR or 7.5YR; value of 3 or 4; chroma of 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam, loam or sandy loam

Bw horizon: (where present)
Matrix color: hue of 10YR or 7.5YR; value of 3 to 5; chroma of 3 to 6
Texture: silt loam, loam or sandy loam
Coarse fragments: Total coarse fragments 0 to 40 percent gravels, cobbles and stones
Reaction class: strongly acid or moderately acid

2Bw horizon:
Matrix color: hue of 10YR or 7.5YR; value of 3 to 5; chroma of 3 to 6
Texture: sandy loam or loamy coarse sand
Coarse fragments: Total coarse fragments 40 to 90 percent gravels, cobbles and stones
Reaction class: strongly acid to moderately acid

2BCr horizon: (where present)
Matrix color: hue of 5Y or 2.5Y; value of 3 to 5; chroma of 3 to 6
Texture: sandy loam or loamy coarse sand
Coarse fragments: Total coarse fragments 40 to 90 percent gravels, cobbles and stones
Reaction class: strongly acid or moderately acid

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Gilmore, and Brigadier series. Gilmore series has a substratum consisting weathered schist. Brigadier series has substratum weathered schist.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: Loess overlying weathered residuum granite bedrock
Landform: backslopes, shoulders, and summits of hills and low mountains
Slope: 0 to 60 percent
Mean annual temperature: 23 to 28 degrees F., -5 to -2 C.
Mean annual precipitation: 10 to 15 inches, 250 to 380 mm

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the McCloud and Ester. Ester soils have permafrost. McCloud soils have more than 20 inches of mineral soil material above weathered granite bedrock

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: well drained, medium to high runoff, saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high in the loamy surface mantle and high in the weathered granite bedrock.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for military training, road fill, recreation, water supply, and wildlife habitat. Most areas are in native forest consisting of paper birch, white spruce, black spruce, and quaking aspen.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 231, Interior Alaska Highlands, The series is of moderate extent.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: WASILLA, ALASKA

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Fort Wainwright Area, Alaska, 2000

REMARKS: Diagnostic features and horizons recognized in this profile include:
Ochric Epipedon: from 2 to 3 inches, 5 to 8 cm.
Cambic Horizon: from 3 to 15 inches, 8 to 38 cm.
Paralithic contact: from 15 inches, 18 cm.
particle-size of loamy skeletal: from 3 to 15 inches, 8 to 38 cm.
Temperature regime: Cryic 26 F., -3 C.
Moisture regime: Udic

ADDITIONAL DATA:

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.