LOCATION ARBUTUS WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, siliceous, frigid Entic Haplorthods
TYPICAL PEDON: Arbutus loamy sand, from an area of Ironrun-Ponycreek-Arbutus complex, on a convex, north-facing slope of 2 percent, in a mixed hardwood and conifer forest, at an elevation of 274 meters above sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 5 centimeters; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loamy sand, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine to coarse roots; extremely acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
E--5 to 13 centimeters; brown (7.5YR 4/2) loamy sand, brown (7.5YR 5/2) dry; weak medium platy structure; very friable; many fine to coarse roots; extremely acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
Bs1--13 to 25 centimeters; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loamy sand; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bs2--25 to 43 centimeters; brown (7.5YR 5/4) loamy sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; few fine and medium roots; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary
Bw--43 to 64 centimeters; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; few fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 64 centimeters thick)
2R--64 centimeters; slightly fractured igneous bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 89-Wisconsin Central Sands, Clark County, Wisconsin subset; about 4 miles east of Hatfield; located about 10 feet north and 100 feet west of the southeast corner of section 32, T. 23 N, R. 2 W.; USGS Hatfield topographic quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 25 minutes 20 seconds N. and long. 90 degrees 38 minutes 24 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to a lithic contact with igneous or metamorphic bedrock--50 to 100 centimeters
Clay content in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--1 to 10 percent
Sand content in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--80 to 95 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 15 percent, gravel; 0 to 3 percent, cobbles
Reaction--pH 3.5 to 6.0 throughout
O horizon (when present):
Hue--7.5YR, 10YR, or is neutral
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--0 to 3
Partially decomposed forest litter
A horizon:
Hue--5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--1 to 3
Texture--loamy sand
Clay content--2 to 10 percent
Sand content--75 to 85 percent
Thickness--0 to 13 centimeters
E horizon:
Hue--5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR
Value--4 to 7
Chroma--2 or 3 (colors of 4/3 and 5/3, moist have value of 7 or more, dry)
Texture--sand or loamy sand
Clay content--1 to 10 percent
Sand content--80 to 95 percent
Thickness--0 to 25 centimeters
Bs horizon:
Hue--5YR or 7.5YR
Value--3 to 6
Chroma--4 to 6
Texture--loamy sand or sand
Clay content--1 to 10 percent
Sand content--80 to 95 percent
Thickness--10 to 40 centimeters
Bw horizon:
Hue--7.5YR, or 10YR
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--4 to 8
Texture--loamy sand or sand
Clay content--1 to 10 percent
Sand content--80 to 95 percent
Thickness--0 to 65 centimeters
Bw horizons with spodic colors have an organic carbon content of less than 0.6 percent
BC horizon (when present):
Hue--7.5YR or 10YR
Value--5 to 8
Chroma--3 to 8
BC horizons with spodic color have an organic carbon content of less than 0.6 percent
2R horizon:
slightly fractured igneous or metamorphic bedrock
COMPETING SERIES: This is the
Rockdam series.
Rockdam--do not have a lithic contact within the series control section
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--50 to 100 centimeters of siliceous sandy alluvium overlying igneous or metamorphic bedrock
Landform--strath terraces
Slope--2 to 6 percent
Elevation--205 to 470 meters above sea level
Mean annual air temperature--4 to 8 degrees C
Mean annual precipitation--685 to 840 millimeters
Frost-free period--135 to 180 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Ironrun,
Ponycreek,
Rockdam, and
Tarr soils.
Ironrun--are on lower landscape positions and have a frequently saturated zone between depths of 0.3 to 0.6 meter during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Ponycreek--are on lower landscape positions in depressions and have are frequently saturated from the surface of the soil to a depth of 0.3 meter during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Rockdam--are on slightly lower landscape positions and have a frequently saturated zone between depths of 1.0 to 1.8 meters during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Tarr--are on landscape positions similar to those of the Arbutus soils and do not have a lithic contact within the series control section
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--excessively drained-- a frequently saturated zone does not occur within a depth of 1.8 meters during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--42.00 to 141.00 micrometers per second in the sandy mantle and 0.00 to 141.00 micrometers per second in the bedrock
USE AND VEGETATION:
Most areas are forested. The native vegetation is mixed coniferous and deciduous forest. Common trees are jack pine, eastern white pine; northern pin oak, and black cherry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic division--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic section--Western Lake section
MLRAs--Wisconsin Central Sands (89) and Wisconsin and Minnesota Thin Loess and Till, Southern Part (90B)
LRR K; central Wisconsin
Extent--small
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota; MLRA SSO 10-9 (Rhinelander, Wisconsin).
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Clark County, Wisconsin, 1994.
REMARKS:
Particle-size control section--the zone from a depth of 10 to 64 centimeters; series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 64 centimeters.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this soil:
ochric epipedon--the zone from the surface of the soil to depth of 13 centimeters (A and E horizons);
albic horizon--the zone from a depth of 5 to 13 centimeters (E horizon);
spodic horizon--the zone from a depth of 13 to 43 centimeters (Bs1 and Bs2 horizons);
siliceous feature--less than 10 percent weatherable minerals (0.02 to 2.0 mm fraction) in the family control section;
udic moisture regime.
Taxonomy version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, tenth edition, 2006.