LOCATION ASHLAKE MN
Established Series
GDN-CWT-MBW
01/2011
ASHLAKE SERIES
The Ashlake series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils formed in till which, in places, shows incorporated traces of glaciolacustrine deposits. These soils formed in plane and slightly convex surfaces on ground moraines, end moraines, and bedrock controlled moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 6 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 660 millimeters, and mean annual air temperature is about 3 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, frigid Aquic Glossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Ashlake loam on a plane slope of 2 percent under mixed aspen forest. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 2 centimeters; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; friable; common fine and medium roots throughout; 2 percent gravel; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 13 centimeters thick)
E--2 to 10 centimeters; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate thick platy structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; 2 percent gravel; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 15 centimeters thick)
E/B--10 to 23 centimeters; 80 percent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam (E) and 20 percent brown (10YR 4/3) loam (Bt); moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots throughout; many distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) skeltans on faces of peds; 2 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 25 centimeters thick)
Bt1--23 to 46 centimeters; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) Fe concentrations; few very fine and fine roots throughout; few faint dark brown (10YR 3/3) and distinct very dark brown (10YR 2/2) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 2 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--46 to 66 centimeters; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay; strong fine and medium angular blocky structure; firm; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) Fe concentrations and common fine distinct dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) Fe depletions; few distinct very dark brown (10YR 2/2) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 2 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (combined Bt horizon is 36 to 76 centimeters thick)
Bk1--66 to 112 centimeters; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) Fe concentrations and common fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) Fe depletions; carbonates disseminated throughout; strongly effervescent; 2 percent gravel; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 46 centimeters thick)
Bk2--112 to 203 centimeters; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) silty clay loam; massive; friable; few fine and medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) Fe concentrations and common fine distinct gray (2.5Y 6/1) Fe depletions; common medium and coarse light gray (10YR 7/2) carbonate threads throughout; violently effervescent; 2 percent gravel; strongly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resources Area (MLRA) 93A-Superior Stony and Rocky Loamy Plains and Hills, Western Part; St. Louis County, Minnesota (Crane Lake subset); about 8 miles east and 2 miles south of Ray; located about 675 feet west and 2,150 feet south of the NE corner of section 20, T.68 N. R.21 W.; USGS Ray SE Quadrangle; lat. 48 degrees 22 minutes 2 seconds N. and long. 93 degrees 3 minutes 15 seconds W., NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to carbonates--ranges from 41 to 127 centimeters
Clay content of the series control section (weighted average)--35 to 55 percent
Sand content (fine and coarser sand) of the series control section (weighted average)--20 to 40 percent
Rock fragment content (mixed lithology)--1 to 8 percent by volume throughout
Some pedons have an Oa or Oe horizon (duff layer)
A or Ap horizon:
Hue--10YR, 2.5Y or is neutral
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--0 or 2
Texture--silt loam, loam, silty clay loam, or very fine sandy loam
Reaction--strongly acid to neutral
E horizon:
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--1 to 3
Texture--loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, silty clay loam, or very fine sandy loam
Reaction--strongly acid to neutral
The E/B horizon has properties similar to the E and Bt horizons respectively.
Bt horizon:
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--3 to 5
Chroma--2 to 4
Texture--silty clay, clay, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Reaction--strongly acid to neutral
Bk horizon;
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--4 to 7
Chroma--1 to 4
Texture--silty clay loam, clay loam, or loam
Reaction--slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
C horizon (when present):
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--4 to 7
Chroma--1 to 4
Texture--silty clay loam, clay loam, or loam
Reaction--slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Coin and
Longsiding series.
Coin--have coarse-textured outwash in the lower third of the series control section
Longsiding--formed in lacustrine sediments and have less than 20 percent fine and coarser sand in the particle-size control section
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--till which, in places, shows incorporated traces of glaciolacustrine deposits
Landform--plane and slightly convex surfaces on ground moraines, end moraines, and bedrock controlled moraines
Slope--0 to 6 percent
Mean annual precipitation--635 to 686 millimeters
Mean annual air temperature--2 to 4 degrees C
Frost-free period--90 to 120 days
Elevation above sea level--305 to 490 meters
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Near the type location, these are the
Cathro,
Effie and
Suomi series.
Cathro--typically occur at lower elevations, in depressions, and formed in organic material overlying loamy till in depressions
Effie--typically occur on slightly concave lower lying landscape positions and are in the Typic Endoaqualfs subgroup
Suomi--typically occur on plane and convex higher lying landscape positions and are in the Oxyaquic Glossudalfs subgroup
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--somewhat poorly drained--a frequently saturated zone occurs at a depth as shallow as 46 centimeters during the wettest periods of normal years
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--0.10 to 10.00 micrometers per second (classes moderately low and moderately high)
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of this soil is forested. Aspen, birch, balsam fir and spruce are common species. Some areas are cleared and used for production of small grains, hay and pasture.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Divisions--Laurentian Upland or Interior Plains
Physiographic Provinces--Superior Upland or Central Lowland
Physiographic sections--undefined (if in the Superior Upland Province) or Western Lake section (if in the Central Lowland Province)
MLRAs--Northern Minnesota Gray Drift (57), Northern Minnesota Glacial Lake Basins (88), and Superior Stony and Rocky Loamy Plains and Hills, Western Part (93A)
LRR K; North central and northeastern Minnesota.
Extent--moderate
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: St Louis County, Minnesota (Virginia subset), 2006.
REMARKS:
Particle-size control section--the zone from a depth of 23 to 66 centimeters
Series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 150 centimeters
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
ochric epipedon--the zone from the surface to 2 centimeters (A horizon);
albic horizon--the zone from 2 to 10 centimeters (E horizon);
glossic horizon-the zone from 10 to 23 centimeters (E/B horizon);
argillic horizon--the zone from 23 to 66 centimeters (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons);
aquic subgroup--based on 2 chroma redox features in the upper 25 centimeters of the Bt horizon.
This soil could be challenged as having an Aquertic subgroup class.
The mean clay content was used for classifying this soil.
1/28/2011-TYPE LOCATION error was corrected.
Taxonomy version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, tenth edition, 2006
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.