LOCATION AVERETT                 UT

Established Series
Rev. CSW/JWB
03/2011

AVERETT SERIES

The Averett series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in colluvium over residuum derived from calcareous sandstone and shale. Averett soils are on mountain slopes. Slopes range from 25 to 70 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 48 cm and the mean annual temperature is about 4.0 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Argiustolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Averett very stony fine sandy loam, on a south-southwest facing, concave, 26 percent slope in shrub cover at an elevation of 2,347 meters. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The surface is covered by about 2 percent boulders, 23 percent stones and flagstones, 15 percent cobbles, and 15 percent channers and gravel derived from sandstone and shale.

A--0 to 8 cm; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) very stony fine sandy loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak very fine granular structure; very friable, soft, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common coarse, medium, fine and very fine roots; many very fine interstitial and few very fine tubular pores; 20 percent stones, 15 percent cobbles, 15 percent gravel; noneffervescent; neutral (pH 7.3); abrupt wavy boundary. (8 to 13 cm thick)

AB--8 to 25 cm; brown (7.5YR 5/2) stony loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very friable, slightly hard, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common coarse, medium, fine and very fine roots; few medium and fine and common very fine tubular pores; 10 percent stones, 8 percent cobbles, 12 percent gravel; noneffervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 17 cm thick)

Bt--25 to 48 cm; brown (7.5YR 5/4) stony clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly hard, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; common coarse, medium, fine and very fine roots; few medium and fine and common very fine tubular pores; continuous distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), dry, clay films on all faces of peds and on surfaces along pores; 10 percent stones, 8 percent cobbles, 12 percent gravel; noneffervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 23 cm thick)

Btk--48 to 76 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very cobbly sandy clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very friable, slightly hard, slightly sticky, moderately plastic; common coarse and few medium, fine and very fine roots ; few medium and fine and common very fine tubular pores; continuous distinct reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) dry, clay films on all faces of peds and on surfaces along pores; 3 percent stones, 15 percent cobbles, 22 percent gravel; slightly effervescent, carbonate coats on bottom surfaces of rock fragments, fine threadlike carbonate masses throughout; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); abrupt wavy boundary. (20 to 28 cm thick)

Bk--76 to 112 cm; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) gravelly clay loam, light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly hard, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; common coarse ad few medium, fine and very fine roots; common very fine vesicular and tubular pores; 2 percent stones, 10 percent parachanners, 20 percent gravel; violently effervescent, carbonate coats on bottom surfaces of rock fragments, fine threadlike carbonate masses throughout; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt wavy boundary. (36 to 119 cm thick)

BCk--112 to 154 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/4) very gravelly fine sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly hard, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few coarse, medium, fine and very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 2 percent stones, 15 percent cobbles, 33 percent gravel; strongly effervescent, carbonate coats on rock fragments, fine threadlike carbonate masses throughout; moderately alkaline (pH 7.9); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 42 cm thick)

R--154 cm; very strongly cemented sandstone bedrock.

TYPE LOCATION: Utah County, Utah; about 0.8 kilometers (0.5 mile) north of Scofield Reservoir; located about 570 feet south and 510 feet west of the NE corner of sec. 33, T. 11 S., R. 7 E.; Scofield Reservoir, Utah USGS quad; lat. 39 degrees 49 minutes 33.40 seconds N. and long. 111 degrees 8 minutes 13.80 seconds W., NAD 83

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: The soil moisture control section is usually moist in some part during late spring to early fall, and intermittently dry in late fall. Ustic moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 4.4 to 6.7 degrees C
Mean summer soil temperature: 15 to 16 degrees C
Depth to lithic contact: 152 to 244 cm to very strongly cemented sedimentary bedrock
Depth to argillic horizon: 20 to 36 cm
Depth to calcic horizon: 25 to 32 cm
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 20 to 40 cm
Thickness of the argillic horizon: 20 to 51 cm
Thickness of the calcic horizon: 63 to 135 cm

Particle-size control section (weighted averages):
Clay content: 25 to 35 percent
Fine sand and coarser sand content: greater than 15 percent
Rock fragment content: 35 to 60 percent indurated flagstones, stones, cobbles, channers and/or gravel derived from sandstone and shale

A, AB horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 dry; 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3 dry or moist
Texture: very stony fine sandy loam, stony loam, very channery clay loam
Clay content: 12 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: 15 to 60 percent total; 5 to 30 percent indurated stones or flagstones, 5 to 20 percent cobbles, 0 to 50 percent channers, 5 to 20 percent gravel derived from sandstone and shale
EC (mmhos/cm): 0 to 2
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

Bt horizon, where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry; 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4 dry or moist
Texture: stony clay loam
Clay content: 27 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: 30 to 35 percent total; 10 to 15 percent indurated stones, 8 to 15 percent cobbles, 12 to 15 percent gravel derived from sandstone and shale
EC (mmhos/cm): 0 to 2
Reaction: slightly alkaline

Btk horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 to 7 dry; 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6 dry or moist
Texture: very cobbly sandy clay loam, very channery clay loam
Clay content: 20 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 60 percent total; 0 to 10 percent indurated stones or flagstones, 15 to 30 percent cobbles, 0 to 60 percent channers or gravel derived from sandstone and shale
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 10 percent
EC (mmhos/cm): 0 to 2
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

Bk horizon:
Hue: 2.5Y or 10YR
Value: 6 or 7 dry; 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4 dry or moist
Texture: gravelly clay loam, very channery clay loam, extremely channery clay loam
Clay content: 27 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: 15 to 80 percent total; 0 to 15 percent indurated flagstones, 0 to 5 percent cobbles, 0 to 70 percent channers or gravel derived from sandstone and shale
Pararock fragments: 0 to 15 percent parachanners
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 3 to 30 percent
EC (mmhos/cm): 0 to 2
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

BCk horizon, where present:
Hue: 2.5Y or 10YR
Value: 6 or 7 dry; 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6 dry or moist
Texture: very gravelly fine sandy loam
Clay content: 10 to 20 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 60 percent total; 0 to 5 percent indurated stones, 10 to 20 percent cobbles, 25 to 45 percent gravel derived from sandstone and shale
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 10 percent
EC (mmhos/cm): 0 to 2
Reaction: moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bendire, Blaincreek, Borpark, Crackerville, Crampton, Curecanti, Ess, Hilger, Holter, Quincreek, Sawbuck, Sawicki, Shawmut and Wickes series.
Bendire, Blaincreek, Crackerville, Quincreek and Wickes soils are moderately deep.
Borpark soils are derived from glacially worked basalt and shale.
Crampton soils are moderately deep to grus and deep to hard granite.
Curecanti, Ess, Holter, Sawbuck, Sawicki soils do not have a calcic horizon. Hilger and Shawmut soils have soil moisture control sections affected by peak periods of precipitation in the spring and early summer. In addition, Hilger soils are derived from igneous rock and sandstone, and Shawmut soils are derived from till, gravelly alluvium or glaciofluvial deposits.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: colluvium over residuum derived from calcareous sandstone and shale
Landform: mountain slopes
Slopes: 25 to 70 percent
Elevation: 2,073 to 2,950 meters
Mean annual temperature: 3.3 to 5.6 degrees C
Mean annual precipitation: 40.6 to 56 cm
Precipitation pattern: Wettest months are May to October and driest months are February to April
Frost-free period: 60 to 90 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Modo and Pathead series. The Modo soils are shallow to bedrock and are on mountain ridges in convex positions. The Pathead soils are moderately deep and do not have an argillic or calcic horizon and are on convex positions upslope.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained, high runoff, moderately slow permeability

USE AND VEGETATION: Grazing and wildlife habitat. Native vegetation consists of mountain shrubs including curlleaf and birchleaf mountainmahogany, mountain big sagebrush, snowberry, Gambel oak, Utah serviceberry and bitterbrush. Grasses include Salina wildrye, slender wheatgrass, bluebunch wheatgrass and bluegrass. Utah correlates this soil to Mountain Very Steep Stony Loam (Browse) R047XA473UT ecological site.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Wasatch Mountains of central Utah; LRR E, MLRA 47; small extent. About 4,000 acres (1,600 hectares) in Utah and Wasatch Counties, Utah.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Utah County, Utah, Duchesne soil survey area, Parts of Duchesne, Utah and Wasatch Counties, 2011. Named for Averett Canyon in Wasatch County near the type location.

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Series control section: The zone from 0 to 154 cm.
Particle-size control section: The zone from 25 to 76 cm. (Bt and Btk horizons)
Mollic epipedon: The zone from 0 to 25 cm. (A and AB horizons)
Argillic horizon: The zone from 25 to 76 cm. (Bt and Btk horizons)
Calcic horizon: The zone from 76 to 154 cm. (Bk and BCk horizons)
Lithic contact: The contact with sandstone bedrock at 154 cm. (R horizon)

The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from similar soils in the surrounding area.

Taxonomic Version: Classified according to Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.