LOCATION ABBIE OK+TX

Established Series
JGF-TLC-SLM
04/2016

ABBIE SERIES

The Abbie series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in calcareous loamy alluvium of Pleistocene age. These nearly level to moderately steep soils occur on stream terraces and stream terrace remnants emplaced over calcareous Ogallala sediments in the Southern High Plains, Breaks (MLRA 77E). Slope ranges from 0 to 8 percent. Mean annual temperature is 15 degrees C (59 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is 530 mm (21 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Aridic Argiustolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Abbie loam-on a 2 percent linear slope in native rangeland at an elevation of approximately 796 m (2627 ft). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

Ap--0 to 16 cm (0 to 6 in); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), moist; moderate medium subangular blocky parting to moderate medium granular structure; slightly effervescent; (2 percent calcium carbonate); slightly alkaline, pH 7.6; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the A or Ap horizons is 13 to 48 cm [5 to 19 in])

Bt--16 to 27 cm (6 to 11 in); brown (10YR 4/3) clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3), moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to strong medium subangular blocky structure; few distinct clay films on vertical faces of peds; very slightly effervescent; (1 percent calcium carbonate); slightly alkaline, pH 7.6; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the Bt horizon(s) is 11 to 48 cm [4 to 19 in])

Btk1--27 to 47 cm (11 to 19 in); brown (7.5YR 5/3) clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3), moist; moderate medium prismatic parting to moderate medium subangular blocky structure; few distinct clay films on vertical faces of peds; common distinct carbonate coats on vertical faces of peds; few fine distinct spherical carbonate masses throughout; slightly effervescent; (7 percent calcium carbonate); moderately alkaline, pH 7.9; gradual smooth boundary.

Btk2--47 to 68 cm (19 to 27 in); brown (7.5YR 5/3) silty clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3), moist; moderate medium prismatic parting to moderate medium subangular blocky structure; few faint clay films on vertical faces of peds; few distinct carbonate coats on vertical faces of peds; few medium distinct spherical carbonate masses throughout; strongly effervescent; (7 percent calcium carbonate); moderately alkaline, pH 7.9; gradual smooth boundary.

Btk3--68 to 111 cm (27 to 44 in); brown (7.5YR 5/4) silty clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4), moist; moderate coarse prismatic parting to strong medium prismatic parting to strong medium subangular blocky structure; common prominent clay films on vertical faces of peds; few distinct carbonate coats on vertical faces of peds; common fine distinct threadlike carbonate masses lining pores and few fine distinct spherical carbonate masses throughout; slightly effervescent; (3 percent calcium carbonate); moderately alkaline, pH 7.9; gradual smooth boundary.

Btk4--111 to 140 cm (44 to 55 in); brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4), moist; moderate medium prismatic parting to moderate medium subangular blocky structure; few faint clay films on vertical faces of peds; few distinct carbonate coats on vertical faces of peds; common medium prominent threadlike carbonate masses lining pores and few medium distinct irregular strongly cemented carbonate nodules throughout; slightly effervescent; (2 percent calcium carbonate); moderately alkaline, pH 8.0; abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btk horizons is 20 to 101 cm [8 to 40 in])

2Bkk--140 to 203 cm (55 to 80 in) clay loam, pink (7.5YR 8/3), moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; 60 percent visible calcium carbonate, finely disseminated throughout; many coarse distinct irregular strongly cemented carbonate nodules and few very coarse distinct irregular strongly cemented carbonate nodules throughout; many coarse distinct irregular strongly cemented carbonate concretions throughout; violently effervescent; (41 percent calcium carbonate); moderately alkaline, pH 8.0.

TYPE LOCATION: Beaver County, Oklahoma; about 5 miles south and 4 miles west of Beaver, OK; 3280 ft (975 m) west and 100 ft (30 m) south of the Northeast corner of Section 17, Township 3N, Range 23E (Cimarron meridian).

USGS topographic quadrangle: Balko NE, Oklahoma
Latitude: 36 degrees, 43 minutes, 55.80 seconds N
Longitude: 100 degrees, 36 minutes, 23.09 seconds W
Datum: NAD83

Decimal Degrees
Latitude: 36.7321663
Longitude: -100.6064148

UTM Easting: 356562 m
UTM Northing: 4066364 m
UTM zone 14S

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: more than 203 cm (80 in)
Thickness of mollic epipedon: 18 to 48 cm (7 to 19 in)
Thickness of argillic horizon: 20 to 178 cm (8 to 70 in)
Depth to secondary carbonates: 18 to 76 cm (7 to 30 in)
Depth to calcic horizon: 105 to greater than 203 cm (49 to 80 in)
Depth to lithologic discontinuity (where present): below 100 cm (40 in)

Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Silicate clay: 18 to 35 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 5 percent

A or Ap horizons:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3 moist or dry
Texture: loam, clay loam, fine sandy loam, sandy clay loam, silt loam
Coarse fragments: amount-0 to 5 percent; size-fine and medium; kinds- indurated quartzite, feldspar, and ironstone
Identifiable calcium carbonate: none
Effervescence: none or slight
Reaction (pH): neutral to moderately alkaline (6.6-8.4)

Bt horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6 moist or dry
Texture: loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam
Coarse fragments: amount-0 to 5 percent; size-fine and medium; kinds- indurated quartzite, feldspar, and ironstone
Identifiable calcium carbonate: none
Effervescence: none to slight
Reaction (pH): neutral to moderately alkaline (6.6-8.4)

Upper Btk horizons:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 3 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6 moist or dry
Texture: loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, silty clay loam
Coarse fragments: amount-0 to 5 percent; size-fine and medium; kinds- indurated quartzite, feldspar, and ironstone
Identifiable secondary calcium carbonate: amount-1 to 10 percent; kind-carbonate masses, threads, films, and nodules
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 2 to 10 percent
Effervescence: slight to violent
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)

Lower Btk or 2Btk horizons (where present):
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 5 to 6 dry, 3 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6 moist or dry
Texture: loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, clay
Coarse fragments: amount-0 to 5 percent; size-fine and medium; kinds- indurated quartzite, feldspar, and ironstone
Identifiable secondary calcium carbonate: amount-10 to 25 percent; kind-carbonate masses, threads, films, and nodules
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 25 percent
Effervescence: strong or violent
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)

2Bkk, 2Bk, 2BCk, Bkk, Bk, or BCk horizons (where present):
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 3 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6 moist or dry
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sandy clay loam, loam, or clay loam
Coarse fragments: amount-0 to 15 percent; size-fine to coarse; kinds- indurated quartzite, feldspar, and ironstone or strongly or very strongly cemented petrocalcic and caliche fragments
Identifiable secondary calcium carbonate: amount-10 to 60 percent; kind-carbonate masses, threads, films, concretions, nodules, and finely disseminated carbonate
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 50 percent
Effervescence: strong or violent
Reaction (pH): moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline (7.9-9.0)

Ck, C, 2Ck, or 2C horizons (where present):
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 4 to 6 moist or dry
Texture: loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, sandy loam, loamy sand
Coarse fragments: amount-0 to 15 percent; size-fine to coarse; kinds- indurated quartzite, feldspar, and ironstone or strongly or very strongly cemented petrocalcic and caliche fragments
Identifiable secondary calcium carbonate: amount-0 to 13 percent; kind-carbonate masses, threads, films, and nodules
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 20 percent
Other features: this horizon is comprised of calcareous materials of the Ogallala formation and often occurs as a discontinuity below 100 cm (40 in)
Effervescence: slight to violent
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Alibates (TX), Creta (TX), and Eppenauer (TX) series.
Alibates soils: formed in loamy sediments of the Ogallala formation and occur on interfluves and broad erosional remnants of the upper Ogallala formation Creta soils: formed in Ogallala alluvium over Cretaceous shale and have a discontinuity below 100 cm (40 in) of the soil surface
Eppenauer soils: are moderately deep and formed in residuum of tuffaceous sandstone, and occur on the Tascotal Formation in the Southern Desertic Basins, Plains, and Mountains-MLRA 42

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent Material: calcareous loamy alluvium of Pleistocene age
Landscape: alluvial plain remnants
Landform: stream terraces and stream terrace remnants
Slope: 0 to 5 percent
Soil moisture: An ustic moisture regime bordering on aridic. The soil moisture control section is dry in some or all parts for more than 180 but less than 220 days, cumulative, in normal years. July through August and December through February are the driest months. These soils are intermittently moist in September through November and March through June.
Mean annual air temperature: 14 to 16 degrees C (57 to 61 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 382 to 660 mm (15 to 26 in)
Frost-free period: 180 to 210 days
Elevation: 600 to 1500 meters (1968 to 4921 ft)
Thornthwaite annual P-E Index: 25 to 36

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Alopark (T), Catesby (T), Darrouzett, Follett (T), Gate (T), Irene, Mansic, Mocane (T), Oklark, Slapout (T), Woods, and series.
Alopark and Slapout soils: occur on adjacent hillslopes, have an ochric epipedon, do not have an argillic horizon, have a coarse-loamy particle-size control section, and have a calcic horizon present within 100 cm (40 in) of the surface.
Catesby and Oklark soils: occur on adjacent hillslopes, do not have an argillic horizon, have a coarse-loamy particle-size control section, and have a calcic horizon present within 100 cm (40 in) of the surface
Darrouzett soils: occur on similar positions, have a mollic epipedon more than 50 cm (20 in) thick, have a fine particle-size control section, and have slickensides or wedge-shaped peds within 100 cm (40 in) of the surface
Follett soils; occur on similar positions, and have a calcic horizon within 100 cm (40 in) of the soil surface
Gate soils; occur on similar positions, have an ochric epipedon, and have a calcic horizon within 100 cm (40 in) of the soil surface
Irene soils: occur on similar positions, have a mollic epipedon more than 50 cm (20 in) thick, and have a fine-silty particle-size control section
Mansic soils: occur on adjacent hillslopes, do not have an argillic horizon, and have a calcic horizon within 100 cm (40 in) of the surface
Mocane soils: occur on adjacent hillslopes, have an ochric epipedon, do not have an argillic horizon, and have a sandy particle-size control section
Slapout soils: occur on adjacent hillslopes, have an ochric epipedon, do not have an argillic horizon, and have a calcic horizon within 100 cm (40 in) of the soil surface
Woods soils: occur on adjacent hillslopes, have a fine particle-size control section, have slickensides or wedge-shaped peds within 50 cm (40 in) of the surface, and have solum thickness of 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in) over stratified clayey and sandy sediments of Tertiary age

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class: well Drained
Permeability: moderate to moderately slow
Runoff: negligible on 0 to 1 percent slopes, low on 1 to 3 percent slopes, and medium on 3 to 8 percent slopes

USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for rangeland, with some areas cultivated to wheat, grain sorghum, and feedstock. Some areas are irrigated. Climax native vegetation is dominantly short grasses with a few mid grasses and includes blue grama and buffalograss, with lesser amounts of vine-mesquite, western wheatgrass, sideoats grama, galleta, tobosa, silver bluestem, wild alfalfa, and prairieclover.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: LRR-H; Southern High Plains, Breaks (MLRA 77E) of the northwestern counties of Oklahoma, southwest Kansas, and the Oklahoma and Texas panhandles. This soil is moderately extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Woods County, Oklahoma; 1995.

REMARKS:
Series revised as part of the SDJR initiative (SLM 2016). The type location was moved to a new site with supporting KSSL data. Range in characteristics and horizon data were updated.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 27 cm (0 to 11 in) (Ap and Bt horizons)
Argillic horizon: 16 to 140 cm (6 to 55 in) (Bt, Btk1, Btk2, Btk3, Btk4 horizons)
Calcic horizon: 140 to 185 cm (55 to 73 in) (2Bkk horizon)
Particle-size family: fine-loamy
Particle-size control section: 16 to 66 cm (6 to 26 in)
Secondary carbonates: 27 to 203 cm (11 to 80 in)

ADDITIONAL DATA: KSSL data available S2006OK007001 (Beaver Co., OK) (TL), S1999TX195004 (Hansford Co., TX), and S1993OK059007 (Harper Co., OK); Lincoln, NE. Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK; laboratory data available P1984OK151003 (Woods Co., OK).

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.