LOCATION ANGUILLA                CT+MA NY RI

Established Series
Revised MKP-DAS-JTI-BEF
10/2024

ANGUILLA SERIES

MLRA(s)--144A, 149B
Depth class--Very deep
Drainage class--Subaqueous
Water depth range--10 to 300 centimeters
Parent material--Sandy estuarine deposits over sandy and gravelly glaciofluvial deposits
Geomorphic location--Mainland coves and submerged mainland beaches
Slope range for Series--0 to 5 percent
Mean annual air temperature--10 degrees C (50 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation--1295 millimeters (51 inches)

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed, mesic Haplic Sulfiwassents

TYPICAL PEDON: Anguilla sand on a south facing, concave slope in a mainland cove under 1.1 meter of estuarine water. Tidal range is 80 centimeters. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated).

Aseg--0 to 10 centimeters black (N 2.5/) sand; single grain; very fluid; 1 percent macroalgal fragments, 0 percent rubbed; moderate sulfurous odor; strongly saline; neutral (pH 7.0); ultra acid (pH 3.4) oxidized pH; clear boundary.

ACseg--10 to 40 centimeters; very dark greenish gray (10Y 3/1) sand; single grain; very fluid; 1 percent macroalgal fragments, 0 percent rubbed; slight sulfurous odor; strongly saline; neutral (pH 7.1); ultra acid (pH 3.2) oxidized pH; abrupt boundary. (Combined thickness of Aseg and ACseg horizons is 2 to 67 centimeters.)

2C--40 to 90 centimeters; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) loamy sand; few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron concentrations; single grain; nonfluid; 5 percent gravel; moderately saline; neutral (pH 7.0); very strongly acid (pH 4.9) oxidized pH; abrupt boundary. (5 to 147 centimeters thick.)

2Cg--90 to 150 centimeters; very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) very gravelly coarse sand; single grain; nonfluid; 50 percent gravel; slightly saline; neutral (pH 7.0); strongly acid (pH 5.5) oxidized pH.

TYPE LOCATION: New London County, Connecticut; Little Narragansett Bay, located about 168 meters south of the intersection of Island Road and the Providence and Worcester Rail Road and 209 meters north of where Island Road encounters Goat Island in a cove; USGS topographic quadrangle: Mystic, CT.

Latitude--41.3409083
Longitude-- -71.8878472
Datum--WGS84
Coordinate source--from hand-held GPS

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to bedrock--greater than 200 centimeters
Soil moisture--These soils are continuously inundated.
Reaction throughout--Neutral to moderately alkaline (pH 6.6 to 8.4)
Oxidized reaction--Ultra acid to moderately alkaline (pH < 3.5 to 8.4)
Electrical conductivity (1:5 soil-water), throughout--0.6 dS/m or greater
Depth to sulfidic materials (oxidized pH < 4.0)--0 to 50 centimeters
Total Soil Organic Carbon Stock 0 to 100 centimeters--3 to 5 kg m-3
Total Soil Organic Carbon Stock 0 to 200 centimeters--8 to 15 kg m-3

Aseg, ACseg, or CAseg horizon (where present)
Hue--10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, 10Y or is neutral
Value--2 to 5
Chroma--1 through 3
Texture--sandy loam through coarse sand. Silt loam, loam, very fine sandy loam, and fine sandy loam textures may be found to a lesser extent.
Manner of failure--nonfluid to very fluid
Organic carbon content--0.1 to 3.2 percent
Herbaceous fibers--0 to 5 percent unrubbed and 0 percent rubbed
Rock fragments--Gravel 0 to 50 percent
Shell fragments--0 to 20 percent
Sulfurous odor may be present
Organic carbon density--2 to 11 kg m-2

Cseg or Cg horizon (where present)--
Hue--2.5Y, 5Y, 10Y, 5GY, or is neutral
Value--2 to 5
Chroma--0 to 2
Texture--fine sandy loam, loamy sand, fine sand, sand, or coarse sand. Textures may be stratified
Manner of failure--nonfluid to slightly fluid
Rock fragments--0 to 50 percent
Shell fragments--0 to 50 percent
Sulfurous odor may be present.
Organic carbon density--2 to 10 kg m-2

2C or 2Cg horizon-
Hue--7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, 10Y, 5GY or is neutral
Value--2 to 7
Chroma--1 to 6
Texture--sandy loam, loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, fine sand, sand, or coarse sand. Thin horizons of fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or silt loam material may also be present
Manner of failure--nonfluid or slightly fluid
Rock fragments--Gravel, 0 to 55 percent
Shell fragments--0 to 50 percent
Redoximorphic features may be present
Organic carbon density--2 to 10 kg m-2

COMPETING SERIES:
There are no competing series in the same family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--Sandy estuarine deposits over sandy and gravelly glaciofluvial deposits
Landscape--Coastal estuaries and lagoons
Landform--Mainland coves and submerged mainland beaches
Slope--0 to 5 percent
Mean annual precipitation--1023 to 1320 millimeters (40 to 52 inches)
Mean annual air temperature--4 to 13 degrees C (39.2 to 55.4 degrees F)
Water salinity range--18 to 30 parts per thousand
Frost-free period--350 to 365 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
These are the Billington, FortNeck, Massapog, Nagunt, Napatree, Pishagqua, Rhodesfolly, and Wequetequock soils.
Billington, Pishagqua, and Wequetequock soils--are in mainland coves and lagoon bottom landscapes and have fluid silt loam materials in the soil profile.
Fort Neck soils--have finer textures and fluid silt loam materials at the soil surface.
Massapog soils--are found on flood tidal delta flats in coastal lagoons and do not have sulfidic materials within 100 centimeters of the soil surface.
Nagunt soils--form on washover fan flats and washover fan slopes of coastal lagoons.
Napatree soils--are on adjacent landscapes dominated by till material in mainland coves and mainland submerged beaches, and have finer textures in their substratum layers.
Rhodesfolly soils--are found on washover fan flats in open bays.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--Subaqueous
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--High to very high
Soil moisture regime--Peraquic
Soil is continuously inundated by saline and brackish water.

USE AND VEGETATION:
Major uses--The area is used by recreational fishermen for the harvest of crabs. In addition, fishing is commonplace and the species found in the area are smelt, small cod, flounder, scup, menhaden, and white perch.
Native vegetation--This soil supports submerged aquatic vegetation and aquatic habitats. Some areas are vegetated with native macroalgae, eelgrass (Zostera marina), and widgeon grass (Rupia maritima). Vegetative cover typically ranges from 0 to 35 percent.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
General area--These soils are located along the Connecticut, Massachusetts, New York, and Rhode Island coast.
Land Resource Regions--R - Northeastern Forage and Forest Region and S - Northern Atlantic Slope Diversified Farming Region
MLRA(s)--144A and 149B
Extent--Small

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: SPECIAL PROJECTS OFFICE

SERIES ESTABLISHED: New London County, Connecticut, 2010.

REMARKS: This subaqueous series mapped in areas previously mapped as water in Connecticut, Massachusetts, New York and Rhode Island Soil Surveys.

Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon include--
Peraquic feature--Positive soil water potential (permanently submerged) at the soil surface. (under 113 centimeters of salt water).
Particle-size control section--The zone from 0 to 100 centimeters (0 to 40 inches)
Ochric epipedon--0 to 40 centimeters (0 to 16 inches) (Aseg and ACseg horizons)
Sulfidic materials--within 50 centimeters of the mineral soil surface (the Aseg and ACseg horizons, 0 to 40 centimeters).
Lithologic discontinuity--contrasting soil materials starting at 40 centimeters (2C and 2Cg horizons).
N-value > 0.7--the zone from 0 to 40 centimeters (Aseg and ACseg horizons).
Rock fragment content > 35 percent in 2Cg horizon placing these soils in Sulfiwassents Great Group.
Taxonomic version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 13th edition (2022)

ADDITIONAL DATA: Type location taken from 2005CT011001 in Little Narragansett Bay. Additional support pedons include S2000RI009007, S2000RI009009, S2005RI009002B, S2005CT011006, S2006CT011001, S2006CT011008, S2006RI009001, S2006RI009009, S2006RI009012, S2007RI009006, S2007RI009011, S2007RI009013, S2008RI009006, S2009RI009012, S2009RI009013, S2022CT009088.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.