LOCATION BANDERA NM+AZEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy-skeletal over fragmental or cindery, mixed, frigid Vitrandic Haplustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Bandera gravelly loam - rangeland (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A1-- 0 to 4 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable; many fine roots; 25 percent cinder gravel; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
AC--4 to 9 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable; many fine and medium roots; 35 percent cinder gravel; neutral (pH 7.2); clear smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
C1--9 to 16 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) gravelly loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; weak fine and medium granular structure; soft; very friable; few fine and medium roots; 35 percent cinder gravel; neutral (pH 7.2); abrupt wavy boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick)
C2--16 to 30 inches; very dark gray (N 3/) cinders, black (N 2/) moist; structureless; loose; few medium and large roots; 80 percent cinders; calcareous with thin small splotches of carbonate on cinders.
TYPE LOCATION: Valencia County, New Mexico; SW1/4 sec. 23, R.12W., T.9N.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to cinders: 12 to 26 inches.
Soil moisture: Typic ustic moisture regime.
Reaction: The soil above the cinders is slightly acid to slightly alkaline (pH 6.6 through 7.8).
Calcium carbonate: In some pedons that are slightly cemented in the C2 horizon, there is a slight accumulation of carbonate.
A and AC horizons
Hue: 10YR to 5YR
Value: 5 or 4 dry and 3 or 2 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: loam and silt loam with 25 to 35 percent cinders.
C1 horizon
Hue: 10YR to 5YR
Value: 5 or 4 dry and 4 or 3 moist
Texture: similar to that of the A horizon but ranges to sandy loam in some pedons.
C2 horizon
Hue: 10YR to 5YR
Value: 2 to 4 dry and moist
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: 70 to 90 percent cinders.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Bandera soils are on cone or crater landscapes at elevations of 7,800 to 9,000 feet. They formed in gently sloping to hilly cinder deposits. Mean annual precipitation is about 18 to 20 inches. Mean annual temperature is about 41 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Cabezon, Friana, Kiln, Osoridge, and Thunderbird soils. These soils lack cindery family control sections.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat excessively drained; slow runoff; moderately permeable.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used mostly for grazing, some recreation, and wildlife. Ponderosa pine, Gambel oak, juniper, mountain muhly, bluegrama, squirreltail, and mullein are the principal plants.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western and northeastern New Mexico and eastern Arizona. Moderately extensive. MLRA 39 and 48A.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Zuni Mountain Area, New Mexico, 1964.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: The zone from 0 to 9 inches. (A and AC horizons)
Vitrandic feature: Greater than 35 percent (by volume) cinders (>2.0 mm) in all horizons from the surface to 75 cm.
Classified according to Soil Taxonomy Second Edition, 1999.
ADDITIONAL DATA: NSSL samples S65AZ001019, S84NM006001, S84NM006002.