LOCATION BERGQUIST IDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Haploxerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Bergquist very gravelly loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted. When described on August 9, 1978, the soil was dry throughout.)
A--0 to 5 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) very gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate very fine and fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, fine, medium and few coarse roots; 35 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.3); abrupt wavy boundary. (2 to 11 inches thick)
Bw--5 to 12 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, fine, medium and few coarse roots; 35 percent gravel and 15 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.3); clear wavy boundary. (7 to 16 inches thick)
C1--12 to 25 inches; reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) extremely gravelly sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine, few fine, medium and coarse roots; 50 percent gravel and 20 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.3); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)
C2--25 to 54 inches; reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) extremely gravelly sandy loam, strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine, fine, medium and coarse roots; 60 percent gravel and 20 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.2). (0 to 30 inches thick)
R--54 inches; hard quartzite.
TYPE LOCATION: Franklin County, Idaho; about 4 miles northwest of the Oneida Narrows Dam; approximately 700 feet east and 1,400 feet north of the southwest corner of section 28, T. 12 S., R. 40 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mollic epipedon thickness - 10 to 19 inches; includes the Bw horizon.
Depth to base of Bw horizon - 9 to 27 inches.
Depth to bedrock - 40 to 60 inches to a lithic contact.
Particle-size control section - Clay content: 5 to 18 percent; Rock fragments: 35 to 85 percent, mainly gravel.
Reaction - Neutral or slightly alkaline.
A horizon - Value: 3 through 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist.
Chroma: 1 through 3, dry or moist.
Organic matter content: 1 to 3 percent.
Bw horizon - Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 3 through 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4, dry or moist.
Texture: Very cobbly loam, very gravelly loam, or very gravelly sandy loam.
Organic matter content: 1 to 3 percent.
C horizons - Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 4 through 6, dry or moist.
Texture: Extremely gravelly sandy loam or extremely cobbly sandy loam.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bigarm, Bradshaw, Brunzell, Cupine (T), Fuego, Mud Springs, Potamus, St. Marys, and Warshod (T) series.
Bigarm, Bradshaw, Brunzell, Potamus, and St. Marys soils are very deep. Cupine, Fuego, and Mud Springs soils are moderately deep to lithic contacts. Warshod soils are moderately deep to paralithic contacts.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Bergquist soils are on mountains. These soils formed in residuum and colluvium derived from sandstone and quartzite. Elevations range from 4,900 to 6,600 feet. Slopes are 15 to 75 percent. The mean annual precipitation is 16 to 18 inches, most of which comes in the winter in the form of snow. The mean annual temperature is 40 to 46 degrees F., the mean annual summer temperature is 57 to 62 degrees F., and the frost-free period is 60 to 90 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Burgi, Camelback, and Vitale soils. Burgi soils have mollic epipedons more than 20 inches thick. Camelback soils have an argillic horizon. Vitale soils have lithic contacts at depths of 20 to 40 inches.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium surface runoff; moderately rapid permeability in the upper part over rapid permeability in the lower part (high or very high saturated hydraulic conductivity).
USE AND VEGETATION: Bergquist soils are used mainly for rangeland. The vegetation is mainly bigtooth maple, bluebunch wheatgrass, bluegrasses, and antelope bitterbrush.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeastern Idaho. These soils are not extensive with about 5,200 acres of the series mapped to date. MLRAs 13, 28A, and 47.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Franklin County Area, Idaho, 1997.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 12 inches (A and Bw horizons).
Lithic contact - The boundary at 54 inches to underlying hard, unweathered bedrock (R layer).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 10 to 40 inches (C1 horizon and parts of the Bw and C2 horizons).