LOCATION BEYBEK CA

Established Series
AJP/TKK/JW
09/2018

BEYBEK SERIES

The Beybek series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils formed in colluvium and/or residuum derived from marble. The Beybek soils are on summits, shoulders, and backslopes of hills. Slopes range from 3 to 30 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 840 mm and the mean annual air temperature is about 15 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey-skeletal, mixed, superactive, thermic Leptic Haploxererts

TYPICAL PEDON: Beybek clay loam on a west facing, 28 percent, linear slope, under blue oak and annual grasses and forbs at an elevation of 609 meters. (Colors are for dry soils unless otherwise noted When described on October 25, 2011 the soil was moist throughout.)

A--0 to 10 cm; brown (7.5YR 4/2) clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; 39 percent clay; strong medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky, very plastic; common very fine and few fine roots throughout; common very fine irregular and few fine tubular pores; 8 percent subrounded indurated marble gravel; neutral (pH 6.6); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 15 centimeters thick)

Bt1--10 to 24 cm; very dark gray (5YR 3/1) clay, dark reddish brown (5YR 2.5/2) moist; 40 percent clay; weak coarse angular blocky structure; moderately hard, firm, moderately sticky, very plastic; common very fine and few fine roots throughout; few very fine irregular and few fine tubular pores; 75 percent distinct clay films on all faces of peds; 7 percent subrounded indurated marble gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear smooth boundary.

Bt2--24 to 49 cm; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) cobbly clay, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) moist; 46 percent clay; weak coarse angular blocky structure; hard, very firm, very sticky, very plastic; few very fine and fine roots throughout and common medium roots throughout; common very fine irregular pores; 80 percent distinct clay films on all faces of peds; 6 percent subrounded indurated marble gravel, 5 percent subrounded indurated marble cobbles, 5 percent subrounded indurated marble stones; neutral (pH 6.7); clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 0 to 75 centimeters)

Btss--49 to 82 cm; dark reddish brown (5YR 2.5/2) extremely stony clay, dark reddish brown (5YR 2.5/2) moist; 50 percent clay; strong coarse subangular blocky structure; very hard, extremely firm, moderately sticky, very plastic; few very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots throughout; few very fine irregular pores; 10 percent prominent slickensides and 85 percent distinct clay films on all faces of peds; 25 percent subrounded indurated marble gravel, 7 percent subrounded moderately cemented marble paragravels, 3 percent subrounded moderately cemented marble paracobbles, 15 percent subrounded indurated marble cobbles, 25 percent subrounded indurated marble stones; slight effervescence, by HCl, 1 normal; neutral (pH 7.3); clear wavy boundary. (25 to 97 centimeters thick)

R--82 to 200 cm; Indurated marble bedrock, fractured at intervals of 10 to <45 cm; strong effervescence, by HCl, 1 normal.

TYPE LOCATION: Calaveras County, California,about 9.9 km (4.2 miles) NW of Columbia, CA, USGS 7.5 minute topographic quadrange: Columbia, California; WGS84 38.081944 latitude and 120.452778 longitude; UTM Zone 10 723413 meters E 4217967 meters N; NAD83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil temperature: The mean annual soil temperature at 50 cm is 16 to 17 degrees C and the difference between mean summer and mean winter soil temperature is greater than 6 degrees C. The soils have a thermic temperature regime.

Soil moisture: The soil moisture control section is dry in all parts from about May to October (about 150 days). The soils have a xeric soil moisture regime.

Diagnostic Feature(s):
Mollic epipedon thickness: 50 to 100 cm
Argillic horizon thickness: 8 to 95 cm
Depth to Slickensides: 10 to 75 cm (25 to 90 cm thick)
Depth to lithic contact: 50 to 100 cm

Vertic features: Cracks greater than 5 mm wide through a thickness of 25 cm or more within 50 cm of the soil surface. Cracks remain open for 60 consecutive days during the 90 days following the summer solstice, but do not remain open longer than 180 consecutive days. Cracks close for 60 or more consecutive days during the 90 days following the winter solstice.

Organic matter in the epipedon: 1 to 6 percent

Reaction: Slightly acid to slightly alkaline in the control section (6.1-7.8)

Base saturation: Greater than 50 percent in the control section (By ammonium acetate)

Particle size control section weighted average:
Rock fragments: 35 to 70 percent, with 5 to 30 percent gravel, 0 to 30 percent cobbles, and 0 to 30 percent stones.
Clay content: averages 35 to 55 percent clay

A horizon
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR, or 5YR
Value: 3 or 4 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 or 3 dry, 1 to 3 moist
Organic matter: 2 to 9 percent
Texture: silt loam, loam, clay loam or silty clay loam
Clay content: 10 to 40 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent
0 to 10 percent gravel
0 to 20 percent cobbles
0 to 20 percent stones

Bt1 horizon
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR or 5YR
Value: 2 to 4 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 to 4 dry, 1 to 3 moist
Organic matter: 2 to 6 percent
Texture: clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 27 to 45 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 45 percent
0 to 15 percent gravel
0 to 25 percent cobbles
0 to 30 percent stones

Bt2 horizon
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR, or 5YR
Value: 2 to 4
Chroma: 2 to 4 dry, 1 or 4 moist
Organic matter: 1 to 3 percent
Texture: clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent
Rock fragments: 15 to 45 percent
0 to 15 percent gravel
0 to 30 percent cobbles
0 to 35 percent stones

Btss horizon
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR, or 5YR
Value: 2 to 4
Chroma: 2 to 4 dry, 1 to 4 moist
Organic matter: 0.5 to 3 percent
Texture: silty clay or clay
Clay content: 35 to 55 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 80 percent
0 to 25 percent gravel
0 to 35 percent cobbles
0 to 40 percent stones

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other soils in this family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Beybek soils are on summits, shoulders, and backslopes of hills. They generally occupy convex areas on upper portions of hills. Slopes range from 3 to 30 percent. These soils formed in colluvium and/or residuum derived from marble. Elevation is 450 to 750 meters. The climate is Mediterranean with warm, dry summers and cool, moist winters. The mean annual precipitation is 800 to 970 mm and the mean annual air temperature is 15 to 17 degrees C. The frost free season is 220 to 270 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Aquariusmine, Mercercave, Tiger Creek, Millvilla, Wardsferry, Priestgrade, Moccasinhill, and Sanguinetti series. Aquariusmine is found on lower portions of the hillslope and are deep to a lithic contact. Mercercave and Tiger Creek are mesic soils, occupying cooler aspects and higher elevations. Mercercave is deep. Tiger Creek is fine-loamy and has hues as red as 10R. Millvilla, Wardsferry, Priestgrade, Moccasinhill, and Sanguinetti develop from schist, phyllite and other metasedimentary rocks. Millvilla and Wardsferry are fine-loamy whereas Priestgrade, Moccasinhill, and Sanguinetti are loamy-skeletal.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; moderately low to high saturated hydraulic conductivity in the surface horizon, and moderately low to moderately high in the subsurface horizons. Saturated hydraulic conductivity of the bedrock is low to very high.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for livestock grazing, wildlife habitat, and recreation. Vegetation consists of hardwoods, mainly blue oak, with an understory of annual grasses and forbs. Understory species include brome, clover, ryegrass, wild oat, and bedstraw. In some places the cover is dominated by shrubs, which is mostly chamise and likely a response to fire.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Sierra Nevada Foothills of California; MLRA 18. The series is not extensive.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES PROPOSED: Calaveras County, California, 2018.

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic Epipedon 0 to 82 cm (A, Bt1, Bt2 and Btss horizon)
Argillic Horizon 24 to 82 cm (Bt2 and Btss horizon)
Slickensides 49 to 82 cm (Btss horizon)
Lithic Contact 82 to 200 cm (R horizon)
Particle Size Control Section for this pedon: 24 to 74 cm.

ADDITIONAL DATA:
NASIS User Pedon ID: S2011CA009002
Pedon Type: OSD pedon
Lab Source ID: SSL
Pedon Purpose: laboratory sampling site
Lab Pedon #: 12N7642

Soil classified using the 12th Edition of the Keys to Soil Taxonomy

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.