LOCATION BICKLETON               WA

Established Series
Rev. CDL/RJE/KWH
09/2019

BICKLETON SERIES

Landscape--plateaus, hills
Landform--structural benches, hillslopes
Slope--0 to 45 percent
Parent material--loess and some volcanic ash and basalt
Mean annual precipitation--about 330 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 8 degrees C
Depth class--deep
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--xeric
Soil temperature regime--mesic
Soil moisture subclass--typic

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Calcic Haploxerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Bickleton silt loam, cultivated (All textures are apparent field textures.)

Ap--0 to 13 cm; silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; neutral (pH 7.3); abrupt smooth boundary

A--13 to 25 cm; silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak angular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine irregular pores; neutral (pH 7.2); abrupt smooth boundary

AB--25 to 48 cm; silt loam, brown (10YR 4/3) dry, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate coarse prismatic structure; slightly hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine irregular pores; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); abrupt smooth boundary

BA--48 to 66 cm; silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to medium prismatic; slightly hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine irregular pores; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); abrupt smooth boundary

Bw--66 to 89 cm; silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine irregular pores; 10 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); abrupt wavy boundary

2Bk--89 to 107 cm; extremely gravelly silty clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few roots; few irregular pores; 60 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; lime splotches, violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt smooth boundary

2R--107 cm; basalt

TYPE LOCATION: Yakima County, Washington; about 700 m west and 340 m north of the southeast corner of section 35, T. 7 N., R. 20 E., Willamette Meridian

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--8 to 10 degrees C
Soil moisture--usually moist, but dry in all parts 75 to 90 days between depths of 10 and 30 cm following summer solstice
Thickness of solum--65 to 95 cm
Depth to bedrock--100 to 150 cm
Depth to 2Bk horizon--65 to 100 cm
Particle-size control section--averages more than 15 percent particles coarser than very fine sand and less than 30 percent rock fragments
Content of clay--18 to 25 percent
Thickness of mollic epipedon--25 to 40 cm

Ap and A horizons
Value--4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma--2 or 3 moist or dry
Reaction--6.6 to 7.8
Combined thickness of Ap and A horizons--25 to 40 cm

AB and BA horizons
Value--4 or 5 dry, 3 moist
Chroma--2 or 3 moist or dry
Texture--silt loam
Reaction--6.6 to 7.8
Thickness of AB horizon--23 to 33 cm
Thickness of BA horizon--0 to 20 cm

Bw horizon
Value--5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Texture--silt loam, silty clay loam
Reaction--6.6 to 8.4
Thickness--0 to 25 cm

2Bk horizon
Value--6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma--2 to 4 moist or dry
Texture--extremely gravelly silty clay loam, very gravelly silty clay loam
Reaction--7.9 to 9.0
Thickness--18 to 50 cm

COMPETING SERIES:
Almota, Nims--50 to 100 cm (moderately deep) to a lithic contact (basalt)
Highcreek--stratified; no lithic contact within more than 150 cm
Lebec--calcareous throughout; 50 to 100 cm (moderately deep) to a lithic contact (limestone)

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--730 to 1075 m
Mean annual precipitation--280 to 410 mm
Mean annual air temperature--8 to 9 degrees C
Frost-free season--120 to 160 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Onyx--on bottomland; mollic epipedon more than 50 cm thick
Rock Creek--on ridgetops and plateaus; 20 to 50 cm (very shallow and shallow) to a lithic contact (basalt)
Renslow--on plateaus; usually dry; less than 18 percent clay in particle-size control section; argillic horizon

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--well drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--moderately high

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--mainly nonirrigated crop production and domestic livestock grazing
Common crops--winter wheat and barley in summer fallow system
Native vegetation--mainly Idaho fescue, bluebunch wheatgrass, and antelope bitterbrush

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: South-central Washington; MLRA 8; moderate extent

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Yakima County, Washington; 1947

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Mollic epipedon--zone from the surface to a depth of 48 cm
*Cambic horizon--zone from 36 to 89 cm
*Carbonate accumulation--zone from 89 to 107 cm
*Particle-size control section--zone from 25 to 100 cm

Further study of the zone from 48 to 66 cm is needed to determine whether it is part of the mollic epipedon.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.