LOCATION BIDUYA                  TX

Established Series
ALS, AJM, WJG
08/2012

BIDUYA SERIES

The Biduya series consists of very shallow and shallow, well drained soils that formed in loamy residuum and colluvium weathered from Permian limestone and dolomite bedrock. Slopes range from 10 to 120 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 356 mm (14 in) and the mean annual temperature is about 13 degrees C (55 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Lithic Haplustolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Biduya very cobbly loam, on a southeast facing 15 percent slope in rangeland at an elevation of 2,012 m (6,601 ft). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted).

A--0 to 13 cm, (0 to 5 in); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) very cobbly loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2), moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, nonplastic; common very fine and fine roots; 15 percent angular indurated 5 to 75 mm limestone fragments and 35 percent angular indurated 76 to 250 mm limestone fragments; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; very abrupt smooth boundary. (Thickness of the A horizon is 7 to 13 cm [3 to 5 in])

R--13 to 38 cm, (5 to 15 in); indurated limestone bedrock.

TYPE LOCATION: Culberson County, Texas; from the trailhead in Dog Canyon campgrounds in Guadalupe National Park; 4.1 miles west on the Bush Mountain trail, site is 0.9 mile west-northwest. (P X Flat, TX USGS topographic quadrangle; Latitude: 31 degrees, 58 minutes, 56 seconds N; Longitude: 104 degrees, 53 minutes, 47 seconds W; UTM Easting 509798 m, UTM Northing 3538481 m, UTM Zone 13, NAD83.)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the Mollic epipedon: 11 to 43 cm (4 to 17 in)
Depth to limestone bedrock: 11 to 43 cm (4 to 17 in)

Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 15 to 29 percent
Rock fragment content: 35 to 70 percent; 20 to 55 percent gravel; 0 to 50 percent cobbles
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

A horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3 dry, 1 to 3 moist
Texture of the fine-earth fraction: loam, silt loam, or clay loam
Clay content: 15 to 29 percent
Coarse fragments: 20 to 70 percent total; 10 to 55 percent gravel; 0 to 50 percent cobbles
Effervescence: none to strong
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

Bw horizon (where present)
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4 dry, 1 to 3 moist
Texture of the fine-earth fraction: loam, silt loam, or clay loam
Clay content: 21 to 31 percent
Coarse fragments: 20 to 50 percent total; 10 to 50 percent gravel; 0 to 50 percent cobbles
Effervescence: none to strong
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

R layer:
Fractures: greater that 10cm (4 in) apart
Bedrock kind: strongly cemented and indurated limestone and dolomite

COMPETING SERIES: These are; Arbol (NM), Faraway (AZ), Lostpeak (TX), Oro Grande (NM), Rotogilla (NM), Seralin (NV), and Yaquican (AZ).
Arbol soils: have a paralithic contact
Faraway soils: are neutral to moderately acid
Lostpeak soils: have slopes greater than 40 percent and support a different ecosite
Oro Grande: are derived from rhyolite and andesite
Rotogilla soils: are slightly acid to moderately acid
Seralin: are in the Mojave Desert (MLRA30) and receive most of their precipitation in the winter
Yaquican soils: are neutral to slightly acid

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent Material: colluvium and residuum weathered from Permian age limestone and dolomite
Landscape: Mountains
Landform: Hills and Ridges
Slope: 10 to 25 percent
Soil moisture: Aridic Ustic soil moisture regime
Mean annual soil temperature: 9.0 to 15.0 degrees C (48 to 59 degrees F)
Mean annual air temperature: 8.0 to 14.0 degrees C (46 to 57 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 330 to 381 mm (13 to 15 inches)
Precipitation pattern: Most precipitation occurs as high intensity rain during afternoon convective thunderstorms from June to September.
Frost-free period: 135 to 250 days
Elevation: 1,832 to 2,441 m (6,010 to 8,008 ft)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Desario (NM), Lazarus (NM) and the tentative Victorio (TX), Lost Peak (TX), and Lozen (TX) soils.

Desario soils: have a calcic horizon and occur on similar positions
Lazarus soils: are very deep and occur on lower water receiving positions
Lostpeak soils: occur on very steep escarpments
Lozen soils: have a typic ustic moisture regime and occur on mountain flanks at higher elevations
Victorio soils: have an argillic horizon and occur on mountain flanks at higher elevations

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; Runoff is high on 10 to 20 percent slopes; and very high on slopes over 20 percent; moderate permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: This soil is used for wildlife habitat and recreation. Vegetation is New Mexico feathergrass, pine muhly, curlyleaf muhly, New Mexico muhly, sideoats grama, sacahuista, mountain mahogany, sotol, pinyon pine, alligator juniper and one seed juniper.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: LRR G; Western Great Plains Range and Irrigated Region; MLRA 70C-Central New Mexico Highlands. The soil is not extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Culberson County, Texas; 2010. The name is taken from an Apache Indian who used the area as a hideout.

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Mollic epipedon: 0 to 13 cm (0 to 5 in) (A horizon)
Lithic contact: 13 cm (5 in) (top of R layer)

The taxonomic version is Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010

ADDITIONAL DATA: None

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.