LOCATION BONDAD CO
Established Series
Rev. JPP-KLS
04/2018
BONDAD SERIES
The Bondad series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from mixed sources but mostly from sandstone. Bondad soils are on hillslopes and paleoterrace risers. Slopes range from 12 to 60 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 356 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 8.9 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Aridic Calciustepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Bondad very cobbly loam, on a southeast facing, complex, 60 percent slope in pinyon-juniper woodland at an elevation of 2,010 meters. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) When described on April 26, 2005 the soil was moist from 0 to 152 cm. The surface is covered by 10 percent cobbles and 10 percent stones.
A--0 to 15 cm; brown (7.5YR 5/3) very cobbly loam, brown (7.5YR 4/2) moist; moderate medium granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common fine and very fine, and few medium roots throughout; few very fine tubular pores; 7 percent calcium carbonate, finely disseminated throughout; 20 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles, and 3 percent stones; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary. (10 to 25 cm thick)
Bk1--15 to 66 cm; brown (7.5YR 5/4) extremely cobbly sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; soft, very friable, slightly sticky, nonplastic; common fine and very fine, and few medium roots throughout; few very fine tubular pores; 9 percent calcium carbonate, finely disseminated throughout, and carbonate masses on bottom of rock fragments; 35 percent gravel, 25 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary.
Bk2--66 to 117 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) extremely cobbly sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; massive; soft, very friable, slightly sticky, nonplastic; few fine, very fine, and medium roots throughout; 17 percent calcium carbonate, finely disseminated throughout, and carbonate masses on bottom of rock fragments; 35 percent gravel, 25 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); gradual wavy boundary. (combined thickness of Bk1, Bk2 - 76 to 152 cm)
Bk3--117 to 183 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) extremely cobbly loamy sand, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; massive; loose, loose, nonsticky, nonplastic; 9 percent calcium carbonate, finely disseminated throughout, and carbonate masses on bottom of a few rock fragments; 35 percent gravel, 25 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; violently effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8).
TYPE LOCATION: La Plata County, Colorado; about 8 kilometers south of Durango; located about 335 meters east and 823 meters north of the southwest corner of sec. 10, T. 34 N., R. 9 W.; Loma Linda USGS quad; Lat. 37 degrees 13 minutes 22 seconds N., Long. 107 degrees 50 minutes 9 seconds W., NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Bondad soils have a mesic temperature regime and are in an ustic soil moisture regime bordering on aridic.
Mean annual soil temperature - 10.0 to 11.7 degrees C.
Mean summer soil temperature - 17.8 to 18.9 degrees C.
Depth to calcic horizon - 10 to 25 cm
A cambic horizon 15 to 20 cm thick may be present above the calcic horizon.
Particle-size control section, weighted average:
Clay content: 10 to 18 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 75 percent
A horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist
Clay content: 10 to 20 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 60 percent total, 15 to 40 percent gravel, 10 to 30 percent cobbles, 0 to 10 percent stones
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 2 to 8 percent
Reaction (pH): 7.4 to 8.4
Bk1 horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 to 7 dry, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6, dry or moist
Texture: extremely cobbly sandy loam, very gravelly sandy loam, very cobbly sandy loam
Clay content: 10 to 18 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 75 percent total, 10 to 40 percent gravel, 10 to 50 percent cobbles, 0 to 15 percent stones
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Reaction (pH): 7.9 to 8.4
Bk2 horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 to 7 dry, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6, dry or moist
Texture: very gravelly sandy loam, very cobbly sandy loam, extremely cobbly sandy loam
Clay content: 8 to 18 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 75 percent total, 10 to 40 percent gravel, 10 to 50 percent cobbles, 0 to 15 percent stones
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 30 percent
Electrical conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 to 2
Reaction (pH): 7.9 to 8.4
Bk3 horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 to 7 dry, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6, dry or moist
Texture: very gravelly loamy sand, extremely cobbly loamy sand, very gravelly sandy loam
Clay content: 2 to 8 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 75 percent total, 10 to 40 percent gravel, 10 to 50 percent cobbles, 0 to 15 percent stones
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Electrical conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 to 2
Reaction (pH): 7.4 to 8.4
COMPETING SERIES:
Buckndoe (AZ) - have a petrocalcic horizon.
Chicosa (CO) - have a lithologic discontinuity.
Katzine (AZ) - have lithology of quartz diorite and Jurassic or Triassic sandstone.
Porser (UT) - have hues that range to 2.5Y in the Bk horizon.
Saraton (CO) - are moderately deep to paralithic contact.
Tinaja (NM) - have a lithologic discontinuity.
Twobuttes (KS) - are moderately deep to lithic contact.
Upler (UT) - have an aridic moisture regime bordering on ustic.
Yatne (UT) - have more than 18 percent clay in the particle size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform - hillslopes, risers of paleoterraces
Elevation - 1,830 to 2,040 meters
Slope - 12 to 60 percent
Parent material - alluvium derived from mixed sources but mostly from sandstone
Mean annual temperature - 8.3 to 10.0 degrees C.
Mean annual precipitation - 330 to 410 mm
Precipitation pattern - Wettest months are July and August and driest months are May and June.
Frost-free period - 110 to 130 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: None listed.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained, medium runoff, moderately rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for wildlife habitat and construction materials. Native vegetation is twoneedle pinyon, Utah juniper, Gambel oak, antelope bitterbrush, blue grama, Indian ricegrass, and Junegrass
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southwestern Colorado. LRR D, MLRA 36. This series is of minor extent.
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES PROPOSED: Archuleta County, Colorado, Archuleta Soil Survey Area, 2005. The name is from a local geographic area.
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Calcic horizon: The zone from 15 to 152 cm. (Bk1, Bk2, and part of the Bk3 horizons)
Particle size control section: The zone from 25 to 102 cm. (part of the Bk1 and part of the Bk2 horizons)
The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from similar soils in the surrounding area.
Bondad soils have a mesic temperature regime and are in an ustic soil moisture regime bordering on aridic.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.