LOCATION BRODEER ID+WA
Established Series
Rev. BLR/RL/RJS
06/2016
BRODEER SERIES
The Brodeer series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in residuum and/or colluvium from granitic or metamorphic rock with a thick mantle of volcanic ash. Some profiles have an admixture of loess. They are on mountain side slopes, hills, and ridges. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high and slopes range from 3 to 75 percent. The average annual precipitation is about 40 inches and the average annual temperature is about 42 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy over loamy, amorphic over mixed, superactive, frigid Alfic Udivitrands
TYPICAL PEDON: Brodeer ashy silt loam, forested, on an east facing slope of 35 percent slope at 3,280 feet elevation. When described on November 9, 1990 the soil was moist throughout. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted).
Oi--0 to 1 inch; fresh and partially decomposed needles, twigs, bark, and moss.
Oe--1 to 2 inches; decomposed needles, twigs, bark, and moss.
A--2 to 4 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) ashy silt loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) moist; weak very fine and fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine and common medium roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; moderately acid (pH 6.0); gradual smooth boundary. (2 to 5 inches thick).
Bw1--4 to 9 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) ashy silt loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; weak very fine and fine granular structure; soft, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine and common medium roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.1); gradual smooth boundary.
Bw2--9 to 21 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) ashy silt loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; weak very fine and fine granular structure; soft, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine and common medium roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.3); abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizons is 10 to 22 inches).
2Bt1--21 to 32 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak very fine and fine granular; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine and few medium roots; many very fine and fine irregular and few fine tubular pores; few faint clay films in root channels and pores; three 2 inches in diameter krotovinas filled with volcanic ash; 5 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 6.0); clear smooth boundary.
2Bt2--32 to 39 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to fine and medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine and few medium roots located along faces of peds; few very fine roots located in interior of peds; common very fine and fine irregular pores and common medium tubular pores; few faint patchy clay films located in pores; few brown (10YR 4/3) zones of clay enrichment; 5 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 5.9); clear smooth boundary.
2Bt3--39 to 49 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/4) loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to fine and medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine and few medium roots located along faces of peds, few very fine roots located in interior of peds; common very fine and fine irregular and tubular pores and few medium tubular pores; few faint patchy clay films located in root pores; 0.5 to 1 inch thick clay bands 5 inches apart, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam texture with common distinct clay films; 10 percent fine mica flakes; 10 percent gravel; strongly acid (pH 5.4); clear smooth boundary.
2Bt4--49 to 59 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/4) gravelly loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine and fine roots located along faces of peds; common very fine irregular and tubular pores; few faint patchy clay films located in pores; 0.5 to 1 inch thick clay bands 5 inches apart, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam texture with common distinct clay films; 15 percent fine mica flakes; 15 percent rounded quartz gravel; strongly acid (pH 5.2); gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizons is 28 to 38 inches).
2BC--59 to 67 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/4) gravelly sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine roots located along faces of peds; common very fine irregular and tubular pores; 0.25 to 0.50 inch thick clay bands 5 inches apart, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam texture with few distinct clay films; 15 percent fine mica flakes; 15 percent rounded quartz gravel; strongly acid (pH 5.1).
TYPE LOCATION: Clearwater County, Idaho; about 1 mile south and 7 miles east of Weippe, Idaho; about 2,300 feet south and 850 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 24, T. 35 N., R. 5 E.; Latitude - 46 degrees, 21 minutes, 43 seconds North; Longitude - 115 degrees, 46 minutes, 53 seconds West; USGS Browns Creek Ridge Quadrangle.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Average annual soil temperature - 43 to 46 degrees F. Frigid temperature regime.
Soil moisture control section - usually moist year around and not dry for 45 consecutive days during June to October. Udic moisture regime.
Some layer in the series control section will have less than 21 percent clay.
Thickness of volcanic ash mantle - 14 to 24 inches.
Estimated properties of the volcanic ash mantle:
Volcanic glass content in the 0.02 to 2.0 mm fraction - 15 to 60 percent
Acid-oxalate extractable Al plus 1/2 Fe - 1.3 to 2.7 percent
Phosphate retention - 75 to 90 percent
15-bar water retention on air dried samples - 9 to 13 percent (weighted average is less than 12 percent)
Moist bulk density - 0.80 to 0.90 g/cc
A horizon
Hue - 10YR or 7.5YR
Value - 3 to 6 dry, 2 to 4 moist
Chroma - 2 to 4 dry or moist
Texture - ashy silt loam, ashy loam
Clay content - 4 to 12 percent
Rock fragments - 0 to 2 percent gravel
Bulk density - 0.50 to 1.00 g/cc
Reaction - strongly acid to neutral
Bw horizons
Hue - 10YR or 7.5YR
Value - 4 to 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma 3, 4 or 6 moist
Texture - Ashy silt loam, ashy loam
Clay content - 4 to 12 percent
Rock fragments - 0 to 5 percent gravel, 0 to 15 percent cobbles, 0 to 15 percent total rock fragments.
Bulk density - 0.60 to 1.00 g/cc
Reaction - strongly acid to neutral
2Bt horizons
Hue - 7.5YR to 2.5Y dry, 7.5YR or 10YR moist
Value - 5 to 8 dry, 3 to 6 moist
Chroma - 3 to 6 dry, 2 to 8 moist
Texture - loam, very fine sandy loam, sandy loam or coarse sandy loam
Clay content - 11 to 24 percent
Rock fragments - 0 to 30 percent gravel, 0 to 20 percent cobbles, 0 to 30 percent total rock fragments
Reaction - very strongly acid to neutral
2BC horizon
Hue - 10YR or 2.5Y dry, 7.5YR or 10YR moist
Value - 5 to 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma - 3, 4 or 6 dry, 3 to 6 moist
Texture - loam, sandy loam, or coarse sandy loam
Clay content - 3 to 22 percent
Rock fragments - 0 to 35 percent gravel, 0 to 5 percent cobbles, 0 to 35 percent total rock fragment content
Reaction - very strongly acid to moderately acid
2C horizon (absent in some pedons)
Hue - 7.5YR to 2.5Y
Value - 5 to 7 dry, 4 to 7 moist
Chroma - 4 or 6 dry, 3 to 8 moist
Texture - loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam or coarse sandy loam
Clay content - 4 to 18 percent
Rock fragments - 0 to 50 percent gravel, 0 to 20 percent cobbles, 0 to 70 percent total rock fragments
Reaction - very strongly acid to moderately acid
COMPETING SERIES:
Chesley - deep to a paralithic contact
Cranberry - have 3Btb horizons
Disalto - have 3C horizons
Dworshak - have 2E/Bt and 3Bt/E horizons
Helmer - shallow to a fragipan
Scand - have 3Btb horizons
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Brodeer soils are on mountain side slopes, hills, and ridges at elevations of 1,600 to 5,200 feet (488 to 1585 meters) with slopes of 3 to 75 percent. These soils are formed in residuum and/or colluvium from granitic or metamorphic rock with a thick mantle of volcanic ash. The average annual temperature is 38 to 45 degrees F. and the average precipitation is 30 to 55 inches (762 to 1397 mm). The frost free season is 50 to 120 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Brequito and
Mushel series. Brequito soils are on mountain side slopes and summits. They have 3BC or 3C horizons and a thin volcanic ash mantle. Brequito soils are on mountain side slopes and have thin volcanic ash mantles.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for timber production, livestock grazing, wildlife habitat, watershed, and recreation. Potential natural vegetation is western red cedar, grand fir, western hemlock, western larch, western white pine, Douglas-fir, and ponderosa pine, with an understory of wild ginger, queencup beadlily, coolwort foamflower, pioneer violet, princes pine, and fools huckleberry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North Central Idaho and eastern Washington. Brodeer soils are moderately extensive. MLRA 43A.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Clearwater County, Idaho, 2003.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from 0 to 4 inches (Oi, Oe, and A horizons).
Cambic horizon - The zone from 4 to 21 inches (Bw1 and Bw2 horizons).
Argillic horizon - The zone from 21 to 59 inches (2Bt horizons).
Andic feature - the zone from 2 to 21 inches (A and Bw horizons).
Particle size control section - The zone from 2 to 42 inches (A, Bw, 2Bt1, 2Bt2, and part of the 2Bt3 horizon).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratoty data - S92ID-035-036 (93P91) Clearwater County, Idaho; NSSL, Lincoln, Ne.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.