LOCATION BRUNI                   TX

Tentative Series
GWH-RM
08/2018

BRUNI SERIES

The Bruni series consists of deep to a petrocalcic horizon, well drained, moderately permeable soils. These soils formed in eolian and non-calcareous loamy alluvium over calcareous loamy residuum and petrocalcics of the Goliad Formation. These nearly level to very gently sloping soils occur on broad, low ridges on inland, dissected coastal plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 22 degrees C (72 degrees F) and mean annual precipitation is about 584 mm (23 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, hyperthermic Petrocalcic Paleustalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Bruni loamy fine sand, on an east facing, 1.0 percent slope in rangeland; elevation is 172.5 m (566 ft). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 39 cm, (0 to 15 in); reddish brown (5YR 5/4) loamy fine sand, reddish brown (5YR 4/4), moist; 10 percent clay; weak fine granular structure; soft; friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; noneffervescent; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (23 to 51 cm [9 to 20 in] thick)

Bt1--39to 64 cm (15 to 25 in); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) fine sandy loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6), moist; 12 percent clay; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; 30 percent sidtinct clay films on all faces of peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (15 to 51 cm [6 to 20 in]).

Bt2--64 to 104 cm, (25 to 41 in); red (2.5YR 4/8) sandy clay loam, red (2.5YR 4/6), moist; 22 percent clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky, moderately plastic; 40 percent distinct clay films on all faces of peds; 5 percent fine distinct irregular masses of oxidized iron with diffuse boundaries in matrix; noneffervescent; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (30 to 80 cm [12 to 31 in] thick)

Bkkm--104 to 203 cm, (41 to 80 in); white (10YR 9.5/1) cemented material; strongly cemented calcium carbonate, becoming less cemented and massive with depth; thick, platy, indurated, finely laminated cap in the upper part; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Jim Hogg County, Texas; 18.5 miles south on Hwy 16 from the intersection of Hwy 285 and Hwy 16 in Hebbronville; 0.3 miles south on county road; 7.1 miles south west on ranch road; 1200 feet north in rangeland.
USGS topographic quadrangle: Alta Vista Ranch Sw, Texas.
Latitude: 27 degrees, 1 minutes, 40 seconds N;
Longitude: 98 degrees 43 minutes, 55 seconds W.;
Datum: WGS84.

Decimal Degrees:
Latitude: 27.02778 degrees
Longitude: -98.73194 degrees
Datum: WGS 84

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: An ustic moisture regime bordering on aridic.
The soil moisture control section remains moist in some or all parts for less than 90 consecutive days in normal years.
Mean annual soil temperature: 22.2 to 24.4 degrees C (72 to 76 degrees F).
Depth to argillic horizon: 23 to 51 cm (9 to 20 in).
Depth to petrocalcic horizon: 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 in).

Particle-size control section (weighted average).
Clay content: 18 to 30 percent.
Coarse Fragments: 0 to 5 percent.
CEC/clay ratio: 0.40 to 0.60.

A Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: loamy fine sand or fine sandy loam
Clay content: 5 to 15 percent
Base saturation: 75 to 100 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 2 percent
Effervescence: none
Reaction (pH): moderately acid to neutral (5.6-7.3)

Bt Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: fine sandy loam or sandy clay loam
Clay content: 8 to 30 percent
Clay films: few or common, faint or distinct, on surfaces of peds and lining pores.
Redox accumulations: A few redox features that are reddish and brownish occur in the lower depths of some pedons.
Base saturation: 100 percent.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 2 percent.
Effervescence: none to slight
Reaction (pH): moderately acid to slightly alkaline (5.6-7.8)

Bkkm Horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 8 to 9.5
Chroma: 1 or 2
Cementation: strongly cemented calcium carbonate (petrocalcic), becomes less cemented with depth.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 40 to 80 percent
Effervescence: violent
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (6.6 - 7.8)

COMPETING SERIES: The Delmita series are in the same family. Similar soils are the Goliad, Delfina, and Randado series.
Delmita soils: are moderately deep to the petrocalcic horizon
Goliad soils: have a fine textured particle-size control section, a mollic epipedon and are moderately deep to the petrocalcic horizon
Delfina soils: are very deep
Randado soils: are very shallow and shallow to a petrocalcic horizon

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: eolian deposits and/or noncalcareous loamy alluvium over calcareous loamy residuum and petrocalcics of the Goliad Formation.
Landscape: vegetated sandsheet
Landform: interfluves and side slopes of broad, low hills and ridges.
Slope: 0 to 3 percent.
Precipitation pattern: The soil is driest during the months of June through August and December through February. These soils are intermittently moist in September through November and March through May.
Mean annual precipitation: 508 to 635 mm (20 to 25 in)
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 21 to 34
Mean annual air temperature: 21.7 to 23.3 degrees C (71 to 74 degrees F).
Frost-free period: 280 to 340 days.
Elevation: 47.3 to 266.7 m (155 to 875 ft).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Comitas, Delmita, Falfurrias, Nueces, and Sarita series.
Comitas soils: have greater than 50 cm of sand on the surface and occur on slightly lower positions.
Delmitas soils: are moderately deep to petrocalcic and are on similar positions.
Falfurrias soils: do not have an argillic horizon and occur on slightly higher positions.
Nueces and Sarita soils: have more than 50 cm of sand on the surface and occur on slightly higher positions.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class: Well
Permeability class: Moderate
Runoff: negligible on slopes less than 1 percent and low on slopes of 1 to 3 percent

USE AND VEGETATION: Used predominantly for wildlife habitat and livestock grazing. About 20 percent is for dry-land crop production of cotton, grain sorghum, watermelon, and forage production. A few areas are irrigated and produce such crops as citrus, cotton, sorghums, and winter vegetables. Principal grasses of uncultivated areas include Arizona cottontop, lovegrass tridens, plains bristlegrass and pink pappusgrass. Woody vegetation includes mesquite, catclaw, lime pricklyash, desert yaupon, and pricklypear.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
General area: South Texas
Land Resource Region: I - Southwest Plateaus and Plains Range and Cotton Region
MLRA 83E - Sandsheet Prairie
Extent: large

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Jim Hogg County, Texas, 2018.

REMARKS: The name comes from the community in south eastern Webb County.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle size control section: 39 to 89 cm (15 to 35 in) (Bt1 and 2 horizons).
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 39 cm (0 to 15 in) (A horizon).
Argillic horizon: 39 to 105 cm (15 to 41 in) (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons).
Petrocalcic horizon: 105 to 203 cm (41 to 80 in) (Bkkm horizon).

ADDITIONAL DATA: None

TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.