LOCATION BUHLER KSEstablished Series
The Buhler series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained, very slowly permeable, sodic soils formed in alluvium on floodplains in river valleys of the Great Bend Sand Plains (MLRA 79). Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. The mean annual precipitation is 29 inches (74 centimeters), and the mean annual air temperature is 56 degrees F (13 degrees C).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Leptic Vertic Natrustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Buhler silty clay loam in a cultivated field. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated).
Ay--0 to 3 inches (0 to 7 centimeters); dark brown (10YR 3/3) silty clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots throughout; 40 percent clay; few fine irregular gypsum threads throughout; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Anyz--3 to 8 inches (7 to 20 centimeters); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky and moderate medium angular blocky; extremely hard, very firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common medium roots between peds and many very fine between peds; 40 percent clay; few distinct patchy black (10YR 2/1), moist, organic coats on vertical faces of peds; many fine irregular gypsum threads throughout and common fine and medium irregular salt masses throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 13 inches thick; 7 to 33 centimeters thick)
Eny--8 to 12 inches (20 to 31 centimeters); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; few fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist irregular mottles throughout; moderate thin platy structure parting to weak very fine subangular blocky; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots throughout; 16 percent clay; few fine irregular gypsum threads throughout and few fine and medium irregular masses of gypsum throughout; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 9 inches thick; 0 to 23 centimeters thick)
Btny1--12 to 16 inches (31 to 40 centimeters); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; common fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist irregular mottles throughout; weak medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to weak fine subangular blocky; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine roots between peds; many fine moderate continuity vesicular pores; 23 percent clay; very few distinct patchy clay films on vertical faces of peds; few fine irregular gypsum threads throughout and few fine irregular nests of gypsum throughout; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
Btny2--16 to 25 inches (40 to 62 centimeters); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; few fine prominent light gray (10YR 7/2) moist irregular redoximorphic depletions throughout; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; very hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine roots between peds; 31 percent clay; few distinct patchy black (10YR 2/1), moist, clay films on faces of peds; few fine platelike gypsum crystals throughout; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
Btkny--25 to 37 inches (62 to 92 centimeters); dark brown (10YR 3/3) silty clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; few fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky;very hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots between peds; 37 percent clay; few distinct patchy clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; many fine irregular masses of gypsum throughout and many fine irregular gypsum threads throughout and common fine irregular masses of carbonate throughout; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.
Btknyss--37 to 42 inches (92 to 106 centimeters); dark brown (10YR 3/3) silty clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; few fine faint brown (10YR 4/3) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, firm,moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine roots between peds; 38 percent clay; few distinct discontinuous very dark gray (10YR 3/1), moist, clayfilms on vertical and horizontal faces of peds and very few distinct continuous intersecting slickensides; common medium irregular ma sses of carbonate throughout and many fine irregular nests of gypsum throughout and many fine irregular gypsum threads throughout; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (15 to 40 inches thick; 38 to 102 centimeters thick)
Bknyss--42 to 50 inches (106 to 126 centimeters); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; few fine faint brown (10YR 4/3) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine roots between peds; 40 percent clay; few distinct continuous dark gray (10YR 4/1), moist, intersecting slickensides; few fine cylindrical gypsum crystals throughout and few fine irregular carbonate concretions throughout and few fine irregular iron-manganese concretions throughout; strongly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick; 0 to 30 centimeters thick)
2Bkss--50 to 59 inches (126 to 148 centimeters); brown (10YR 4/3) and dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), crushed, moist; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout; weak medium angular blocky and weak medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine roots throughout; 28 percent clay; very few faint continuous very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), moist, intersecting slickensides on horizontal faces of peds; few medium irregular carbonate concretions throughout and common fine irregular iron-manganese concretions throughout; strongly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 13 inches thick; 0 to 33 centimeters thick)
2C1--59 to 77 inches (148 to 192 centimeters); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and brown (10YR 5/3) moist; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout; massive; very hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots throughout; 18 percent clay; few fine irregular iron-manganese concretions throughout; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
2C2--77 to 80 inches (192 to 203 centimeters); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and pale brown (10YR 6/3) loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and brown (10YR 5/3) moist; common medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout; massive; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots throughout; 21 percent clay; common medium irregular carbonate concretions throughout; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 28 inches thick; 0 to 71 centimeters thick)
TYPE LOCATION: Reno County, Kansas; 1 mile (1.6 kilometers) east of Medora; 130 feet (40 meters) east and 2540 feet (774 meters) north of the southwest corner of sec. 12 T. 22 S. R. 5 W.;(USGS Buhler topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 9 minutes 6 seconds N. and long. 97 degrees 49 minutes 46 seconds W)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture regime: ustic moisture regime (bordering on udic)
Soil temperature regime: mesic
Mean annual soil temperature: 56 to 58 degrees F (13 to 14 degrees C.)
Particle-size control section: 20 to 35 percent clay
Depth to bedrock: greater than 80 inches (203 centimeters)
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 5 to 20 inches (13 to 50 centimeters)
Depth to salt accumulations: 10 to 15 inches (25 to 38 centimeters)
Depth to redox concentrations: 16 to 30 inches (40 to 76 centimeters)
Depth to redox depletions: 25 to 40 inches (63 to 102 centimeters)
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 20 to 50 inches (50 to 127 centimeters)
Water table:
depth to top is 2 to 4 feet (0.6 to 1.2 meters),
kind is apparent,
months are Nov. - May.
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4 (dry) 2 or 3 (moist)
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silty clay loam or silty clay
SAR: 0 to 10
Gypsum: 0 to 3 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral
Eny horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 (dry) 2 to 4 (moist)
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam
SAR: 5 to 10
Gypsum: 1 to 5 percent
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral
Btn horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 (dry) 2 to 4 (moist)
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Redoximorphic features: 1 to 5 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 5 percent
SAR: 15 to 25
Gypsum: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: neutral or slightly alkaline
Bkn & 2Bkn horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 (dry) 2 to 4 (moist)
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: clay, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 5 percent
SAR: 5 to 10
Gypsum: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline
2C horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6 (dry) 3 to 5 (moist)
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy clay loam
Redoximorphic features: 5 to 15 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing soils in this family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Buhler soils
Parent material: silty or loamy calcareous alluvium
Landform: floodplains
Slopes: less than 1 percent but ranges to 2 percent
Elevation: 1400 to 1600 feet (426 to 487 meters)
Mean annual air temperature: 55 to 57 degrees F (13 to 14 degrees C).
Mean annual precipitation: 25 to 29 inches (64 to 74 centimeters)
Wettest months: Mar. - Oct.
Driest months: Nov. - Feb.
Frost-free period: 160 to 190 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Blazefork and Tobin soils. These soils lack natric horizons. The Blazefork soils are on similar positions. The well drained, fine-silty Tobin soils are on flood plains.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Runoff is low. Permeability is very slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Nearly all areas are cultivated. Principal crops are wheat, grain sorghum, soybeans, and alfalfa. Native vegetation was tall grasses with some deciduous trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: South Central Kansas, 1989. LRR H Great Plains Winter Wheat and Range, MLRA 79 Great Bend Sand Plains. The name is from a community in northeastern Reno County.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Reno County, KS. 1999, proposed 1989
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
mollic epipedon: The zone from 0 to 25 inches (0 to 62 centimeters) (Ap, Anyz, Eny, Btny1, Btny2)
natric horizon: The zone from 12 to 42 inches (31 to 106 centimeters) (Btny1, Btny2, Btkny, Btnkyss)
Water table: The presence of an apparent water table from 4 to greater than 6 feet (1.2 to greater than 1.8 meters) during the months of Nov. - May.
Keys to Soil Taxonomy: Eighth edition, 1998
ADDITIONAL DATA: (S90KS155001 and S92KS079006)
http://ssldata.sc.egov.usda.gov/rptExecute.asp?p=17235&r=1&submit1=Get+Report
BUHLER SERIES
LRA=H
3/90 This series is being set up for the updated Reno County, Kansas soil survey. Charactization sampling will be done in August 1990 to determine the mineralogy, SAR, ESP and other analysis that is important for classification.
6/14/95 Series has been updated and taxonomy corrected. PRF
12/10/99 Series is established at final correlation of Reno County soil survey PRF