LOCATION BUNEJUG NV

Established Series
Rev. ELS/WED-JVC
05/2016

BUNEJUG SERIES

The Bunejug series consists of very deep, poorly drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Bunejug soils are on flood plains. Slopes are 0 to 1 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 127 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 12 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Fluvaquentic Endoaquolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Bunejug clay loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A1--0 to 5 cm; dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine interstitial and few very fine tubular pores; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 10 cm thick)

A2--5 to 18 cm; dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate very fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores; neutral (pH 6.8); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 20 cm thick)

A3--18 to 30 cm; gray (N 5/0) silty clay loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; moderate very fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine roots; many fine interstitial and few very fine tubular pores; few very fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) moist masses of iron accumulation; neutral (pH 7.0); abrupt irregular boundary. (10 to 20 cm thick)

AC--30 to 43 cm; gray (N 5/0) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) with tongues (50 percent) of black (10YR 2/1) moist; moderate fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; few fine distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist masses of iron accumulation; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); abrupt irregular boundary. (10 to 20 cm thick)

C1--43 to 56 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) coarsely stratified sandy clay loam and loamy fine sand, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores; many medium prominent gray (N 5/0) zones of iron depletion and common fine faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist masses of iron accumulation; neutral (pH 6.8); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 25 cm thick)

C2--56 to 79 cm; pale olive (5Y 6/3) finely stratified very fine sandy loam, loamy very fine sand, and silt loam, olive (5Y 4/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common medium prominent reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist masses of iron accumulation, common medium prominent gray (N 6/0) moist zones of iron depletion, and many coarse prominent pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist masses of iron accumulation; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); abrupt wavy boundary. (15 to 30 cm thick)

C3--79 to 89 cm; pale olive (5Y 6/3) loamy fine sand, olive (5Y 5/3) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine interstitial and few fine tubular pores; common fine prominent gray (10YR 6/1) moist zones of iron depletion and common fine prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist masses of iron accumulation; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); abrupt wavy boundary. (8 to 15 cm thick)

C4--89 to 119 cm; pale olive (5Y 6/3) very fine sandy loam, olive (5Y 4/3) moist; massive; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine tubular pores; common fine prominent gray (10YR 6/1) moist zones of iron depletion and common fine prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist zones of iron accumulation; strongly effervescent in spots; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (25 to 38 cm thick)

C5--119 to 152 cm; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silt loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; massive; very hard, friable, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine tubular pores; many fine prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist masses of iron accumulation; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2).

TYPE LOCATION: Churchill County, Nevada; in the Lahontan Valley about one mile northwest of Grimes Point; approximately 1,320 feet south and 1,050 feet west of the northeast corner of section 19, T. 18 N., R. 30 E.; USGS Grimes Point 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 39 degrees 24 minutes 43.71 seconds N. and longitude 118 degrees 39 minutes 16.53 seconds W., WGS84 Decimal Degrees 39.4123333 latitude, -118.654722 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Saturated with water at some period of the year or are artificially drained.
Mean annual soil temperature: 11 to 12 degrees C.
Mollic epipedon thickness: 23 to 50 cm.
Other features: The soils are generally free of secondary carbonates but a few fine masses of carbonates can occur in any strata.
Reaction: Neutral through moderately alkaline.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: Averages 10 to 18 percent.

A horizons
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or neutral (N).
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist.
Chroma: 0 through 2.

C horizons
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral (N).
Value: 5 or 6 dry.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Texture: Finely stratified sandy loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand, very fine sand, silt loam, and silty clay loam.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Plevna and Ralsen series.

Plevna soils have cambic horizons and frost-free periods longer than 140 days. Ralsen soils have mean annual soil temperature of 8 to 10 degrees C.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Bunejug soils are on flood plains. These soils formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Slopes are 0 to 1 percent. Elevations range from 1173 to 1204 meters. The climate arid with cool, moist winters and hot, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 100 to 150 mm, the mean annual temperature is 11 to 13 degrees C. The frost-free period is 120 to 140 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Carson, Erber, and Stillwater soils. Carson soils average more than 60 percent clay in the particle-size control section. Erber soils are sandy. Stillwater soils are fine-textured.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Poorly drained but most of these soils have altered and improved drainage; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity; Endosaturation is present with an apparent seasonal high water table between 90 and 150 cm(moderately deep to deep free water occurrence classes) between April and October. Cumulative annual duration class is Persistent.

USE AND VEGETATION: Bunejug soils are used for alfalfa, small grains, corn silage, and pasture when irrigated. The native vegetation is primarily black greasewood with an understory of inland saltgrass, some alkali sacaton, and bluejoint ryegrass.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Nevada. These soils are not extensive with about 7,500 acres of the series mapped to date. MLRA 27.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Churchill County (Fallon-Fernley Area), Nevada, 1971.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizon and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 43 cm (A1, A2, A3, and AC horizons).
Endosaturation feature - The condition of ground water with an upper boundary between 91 and 152 cm at certain times during normal years (parts of the C4 and C5 horizons).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to 100 cm (AC, C1, C2, and C3 horizons and parts of the A3 and C4 horizons).

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.