LOCATION BURLEWASH TX
Established Series
Rev. ACT-CJV-RM
09/2014
BURLEWASH SERIES
The Burlewash series consists of moderately deep to tuffaceous sandstone. These well drained, very slowly permeable soils formed in materials weathered from tuffaceous sandstone or siltstone. These gently sloping to very steep upland soils are on interfluves and side slopes of ridges. Slopes range from 1 to 45 percent.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, thermic Ultic Paleustalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Burlewash fine sandy loam, on a convex 3 percent slope, in wooded rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 15 cm, (0 to 6 in); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) fine sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; structureless massive; hard, friable; slightly sticky, nonplastic; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (10 to 25 cm [4 to 10 in] thick)
Bt--15 to 53 cm, (6 to 21 in); brown (7.5YR 5/2) clay, brown (7.5YR 4/2) moist; weak medium angular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky, very plastic; 25 percent distinct clay films on all faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (31 to 58 cm [12 to 23 in] thick])
BCt--53 to 69 cm, (21 to 27 in); brown (10YR 5/3) clay loam; brown (10YR 4/3) moist; 5 percent fine light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) mottles; weak medium angular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; 20 percent distinct clay films on all faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear irregular boundary. (0 to 20 cm [0 to 8 in] thick)
Cr--69 to 102 cm, (27 to 40 in); very pale brown (10YR 8/2) cemented bedrock, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) moist; 3 percent fine gray (10YR 6/1) and 5 percent fine light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) mottles; thinly bedded tuffaceous sandstone; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Washington County, Texas; from intersection of Farm Roads 2780 and 1697, 0.7 mile west of Burton Texas, go 6.3 miles west on Farm Road 2780, 0.2 mile west of entrance to Goodrich Ranch, 100 ft southwest of road fence in pasture; Latitude, 30 degrees, 15 minutes, 17.11 seconds N; Longitude, 96 degrees, 39 minutes, 15.35 seconds W. Datum: WGS84.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth of solum: 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in), moderately deep to paralithic contact with tuffaceous sandstone or siltstone
Mottles: Lithochromic colors of chroma 2 are present in the matrix of the argillic horizon
Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Coefficient of linear extensibility (COLE): Exceeds 0.09 in the Bt horizon.
Linear extensibility (LE): Less than 6.0 between the soil surface and a depth of 100 cm
Base saturation: 50 percent, ranges from 35 to 75 throughout the argillic horizons
Rock Fragments: none to few siliceous pebbles
A horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 to 7 dry or moist
Chroma: 2 or 3 dry or moist
Texture: fine sandy loam, loamy sand
Rock Fragments: 0 to 60 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to medium acid
Bt horizon(s)
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 3 to 6 dry or moist
Chroma: 2 to 6 dry or moist
Color Features: mottles in shades of yellow or brown range from none to few.
Texture: clay, sandy clay
Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid
Structure: weak or medium, angular blocky
BCt horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry or moist
Chroma: 2 to 4 dry or moist
Color Features: mottles in shades of brown or yellow range from few to common
Texture: clay, sandy clay loam, clay loam
Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid.
Cr horizon
Consists of beds of tuffaceous siltstone, sandstone, and tuffaceous clay, stratified with layers of fine sandy loam. Colors are variable with shades of gray, brown, and yellow predominating.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series. Similar series are the
Arol,
Arriola,
Axtell,
Crockett,
Darst,
Falba,
Jedd,
Lufkin,
Rosanky, and
Travis. series
Arol and
Falba soils: Base saturation greater than 75 percent in some part of the argillic
Arriola soils: Udic moisture regime
Axtell,
Crockett,
Darst,
Lufkin,
Travis soils: absence of paralithic contact, while Axtell and Crockett soils have mottled upper Bt horizons, and Lufkin soils are dominated by low chroma colors as a result of wetness, Darst and Travis soils have mixed mineralogy
Jedd soils: absence of paralithic contact, mixed mineralogy, and contain greater than 30 percent sandstone fragments in the A horizon
Rosanky soils: absence of paralithic contact and mixed mineralogy
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent Material: Clayey residuum weathered from tuffaceous sandstones, siltstones, clays, and ash beds of the Catahoula and associated formations of Miocene Age
Landscape: Inland dissected coastal plains
Landform: Ridges, upland
Slope: 1 to 45, mainly 3 to 5 percent
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 17 to 21 degrees C (62 to 70 degrees F)
Mean Annual Precipitation: 889 to 1143 mm (35 to 45 in)
Frost Free Days: 260 to 280 days
Elevation: 45 to 153 m (148 to 502 ft)
Soil Moisture: Ustic, bordering on Udic
Thornthwaite P-E: 28 to 64
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing
Arol,
Axtell, and
Lufkin series and the
Koether,
Rehburg, and
Shalba series.
Arol,
Falba, and
Lufkin soils: on nearby flatter areas
Axtell soils: on nearby higher and smoother areas
Koether soils: have a lithic contact within 51 cm (20 in) and are on similar slopes
Rehburg soils: on nearby slopes and have a loamy argillic horizon
Shalba soils: on similar positions and have a solum that is less than 20 inches thick
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: Well drained
Runoff: Medium to rapid
Permeability: Very slow
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for improved pasture or range. Native vegetation is scattered post oak, blackjack oak, cedar, and yaupon, with an understory of mid and tall prairie grasses. Also, a part of the Lost Pine area of Fayette County are included.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mainly in eastern and south-central Texas. The series is moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Washington County, Texas; 1978.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon : 0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in), A horizon
Argillic horizon : 15 to 69 cm (6 to 21 in), Bt and BCt horizons
Paralithic contact -- 69 cm (27 in), tuffaceous sandstone
Ultic features: Base saturation by field kit indicates 40 to 55 percent.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Base saturation by field kits for 2 pedons in Washington county indicate 56 and 54 percent base saturation and 2 pedons in Grimes county indicate 36 to 46 base saturation.
Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.