LOCATION BURNTSHACK CA

Established Series
Rev: CAH/ET
04/2015

BURNTSHACK SERIES

The Burntshack series consists of very deep, well-drained soils that formed in mixed alluvium dominantly from granitoid rocks. The Burntshack soils are on alluvial fans over fan remnants and fan aprons over fan remnants. Slopes range from 2 to 15 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 100 millimeters (4 inches) and the mean annual air temperature is about 18.5 degrees C (65 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Arenic Haplargids

TYPICAL PEDON: Burntshack gravelly loamy sand, on a linear-convex, 2 percent slope at an elevation of 1020 meters. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The surface is covered by approximately 25 percent gravel.

A1 -- 0 to 3 centimeters (0 to 1 inch); light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) gravelly loamy sand, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium platy structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine roots; common very fine interstitial pores; 15 percent gravel; very slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear wavy boundary.

A2 -- 3 to 14 centimeters (1 to 5.5 inches); light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) loamy sand, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine roots; common very fine interstitial and common fine tubular pores; 10 percent gravel; very slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of A horizons is 3 to 18 centimeters)

Bk -- 14 to 54 centimeters (5.5 to 21.5 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) gravelly loamy sand, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine, fine and medium roots; common very fine interstitial pores; 7 percent distinct, white (10YR 8/1) and light gray (10YR 7/2) calcium carbonate films on the bottom of rock fragments; 25 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); gradual wavy boundary. (40 to greater than 50 centimeters thick)

2Bt -- 54 to 84 centimeters (21.5 to 33.5 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loamy sand, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine interstitial pores; 10 percent faint clay bridging between sand grains; 10 percent gravel; very slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 30 centimeters thick)

2Btk1 -- 84 to 193 centimeters (33.5 to 77 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; discontinuous pockets of loamy sand; common very fine roots; common very fine interstitial and fine tubular pores; 25 percent faint clay bridging between sand grains and 5 percent faint clay films on ped faces; 2 percent medium, prominent, white (10YR 8/1) irregular calcium carbonate masses throughout the matrix and 3 percent fine, distinct, white (10YR 8/1) calcium carbonate threads on ped faces and 1 percent distinct white calcium carbonate films on the bottom of rock fragments; 5 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear wavy boundary.

2Btk2 -- 193 to 200 centimeters (77 to 80 inches); light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) gravelly sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; massive; hard, very firm; nonsticky and nonplastic; 25 percent distinct, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) clay films on ped faces; 50 percent coarse, prominent, very pale brown (10YR 8/2) spherical moderately cemented calcium carbonate nodules in the matrix; 20 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4). (Combined thickness of the 2Btk horizons is greater than 50 centimeters)

TYPE LOCATION: San Bernardino County, California; approximately 4 kilometers southeast of Camp Rock Rd.; approximately 650 meters south and 650 meters west of NE corner of section 11, T. 5 N., R. 2 E., San Bernardino Base and Meridian; 34 degrees, 32 minutes and 36.6 seconds north latitude and 116 degrees, 44 minutes and 43.9 seconds west longitude; USGS Fry Mountains 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; UTM 11S 523348e 3822458n (DTM: NAD83).

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture control section: usually dry, moist in some parts for short periods during winter and early spring and for 10 to 20 days cumulative between July and September following summer convection storms. The soils have a typic-aridic soil moisture regime.
Soil temperature: 19 to 22 degrees C.

Surface rock fragments: 20 to 65 percent gravel.

Control section
Rock fragments: 5 to 25 percent, dominantly gravel.
Clay content: averaging 8 to 18 percent.
Organic matter: 0 to 0.5 percent.
Depth to upper boundary of argillic: 50 to 100 centimeters.

A and/or AB horizons
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 4 to 6, dry or moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4, dry or moist.
Clay content: 2 to 8 percent.
Texture of the fine earth: coarse sand, sand or loamy sand.
Rock fragments: 2 to 34 percent, dominantly gravel.
Effervescence: noneffervescent to slightly effervescent.
Reaction: slightly or moderately alkaline.

Bw, Bk, Bkq or C horizons
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 to 6 dry, 2 to 4 moist.
Texture of the fine earth: coarse sand, sand or loamy sand.
Clay content: 2 to 8 percent.
Rock fragments: ranges from 3 to 50 percent, dominantly gravel.
Effervescence: very slightly to strongly effervescent.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 1 percent.

2Bt horizon (when present)
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 5 or 6 dry.
Chroma: 4 or 6 dry, 3 to 6 moist.
Clay content: 2 to 8 percent.
Rock fragments: ranges from 5 to 50 percent, dominantly gravel.
Effervescence: very slightly or slightly effervescent.
Visible secondary carbonates: few threads throughout the matrix in some pedons.

2Bt(k) horizon(s)
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 4 to 6, dry.
Chroma: 3, 4 or 6, dry or moist.
Clay content: averages 8 to 18 percent, ranging from 4 to 18 percent.
Texture of the fine earth: loamy coarse sand, loamy sand, sandy loam.
Rock fragments: 2 to 22 percent, dominantly gravel.
Effervescence: noneffervescent to strongly effervescent.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 5 percent.
Reaction: slightly to strongly alkaline.
Note: some pedons have the necessary clay increase and oriented pedogenic clay required for an argillic in a lower 2Bt
horizon only.

2C horizon (when present)
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 4 to 6, dry or moist.
Chroma: 4 to 6, dry or moist.
Texture of the fine earth: sand, loamy coarse sand or loamy sand.
Clay content: 2 to 6 percent.
Rock fragments: 5 to 15 percent, dominantly gravel.
Reaction: slightly or moderately alkaline.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Pipeflat (CA) and Olympus (CA) series. Pipeflat soils have eolian sands above the argillic. Olympus soils have greater than 18 percent clay in the argillic horizon.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Burntshack soils are on alluvial fans over fan remnants and fan aprons over fan remnants. Slopes range from 2 to 15 percent. These soils formed in mixed alluvium dominantly from granitoid rocks. Elevations range from 850 to 1250 meters (2,790 to 4,100 feet). The climate is arid with hot, dry summers and warm, moist winters. The mean annual precipitation is 75 to 175 millimeters (3 to 7 inches); mean annual air temperature is 16 to 20 degrees C, and the frost-free season is 300 to 340 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Arizo, Helendale, Hypoint, Oldwoman and Silvermine soils. Arizo soils area in nearby interfluves, inset fans and drainageways. Helendale soils are on nearby fan remnants and have an argillic horizon within 25 centimeters of the mineral soil surface. Hypoint soils are on alluvial fans, do not have an argillic horizon and have a sandy particle size control section. Oldwoman soils are on fan remnants, have a calcic horizon as well as an argillic horizon and are loamy-skeletal in the particle size control section. Silvermine soils are on fan remnants, are very shallow to a weakly cemented duripan and are sandy throughout the particle size control section.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; negligible to very low runoff; high to very high saturated hydraulic conductivity in the upper part of the profile and high in the lower part.

USE AND VEGETATION: Burntshack soils are used for recreation and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly creosote bush and burrobush.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Mojave Desert of southeastern California. MLRA 30. These soils are of small extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: PHOENIX, ARIZONA
SERIES ESTABLISHED: San Bernardino County, California, Johnson Valley OHV Area, part of the Soil Survey Mojave Desert area, West Central Part, 2004. The name is coined.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
Ochric epipedon - from a depth of 0 to 14 centimeters (A1 and A2 horizons)
Argillic horizon - from a depth of 84 to 200 centimeters (2Btk1 and 2Btk2 horizons)
Particle size control section - from a depth of 84 to 134 centimeters (upper part of the 2Btk1 horizon)

Responsibility for this series was transferred from Davis to Phoenix 4/2015. The last revision to the series was 6/2012. ET

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.