LOCATION BUSE MN+ND SD
Established Series
Rev. ARG/MGU
09/2011
BUSE SERIES
The Buse series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in loamy glacial till on moraines. They have slopes of 3 to 60 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 500 mm. Mean annual air temperature is about 5 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Calciudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Buse loam with a convex slope of 5 percent on a glacial moraine in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 20 cm; black (10YR 2/1) loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium roots throughout; common fine irregular masses of lime; about 2 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (18 to 25 cm thick)
Bk1--20 to 56 cm; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common medium irregular masses of lime; about 2 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Bk2--56 to 102 cm; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common coarse irregular carbonate threads; few fine distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) redoximorphic depletions and prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; about 2 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (combined thickness of the Bk horizons is 6 to 127 cm)
C--102 to 152; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) loam; massive; friable; common medium distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) redoximorphic depletions and few prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; about 2 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Otter Tail County, Minnesota; about 5 miles south of Fergus Falls; 2400 feet east and 155 feet south of the NW corner, Sec. 34, T. 132 N., R. 43 W., USGS Dayton Hollow Dam quadrangle, latitude 46 degrees 12 minutes 34 seconds N., longitude 96 degrees 04 minutes 11 seconds W., NAD27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mollic epipedon ranges from 18 to 25 cm in thickness. Free carbonates typically are at the surface or are in all parts of the upper 18 cm when mixed. The rock fragment content ranges from 2 to 10 percent throughout. The control section averages between 15 and 40 percent of fine sand and coarser particles. Stony and wooded phases are recognized.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 or 2. It is typically loam or clay loam but includes cobbly loam. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. Calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 1 to 25 percent.
The Bk horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 2 to 4. It is loam or clay loam. It has few to many segregations of lime. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. Calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 15 to 40 percent.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 10YR, value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 2 to 6. It is loam or clay loam. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. Calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 10 to 20 percent.
Some pedons have redoximorphic features in the lower Bk and C horizons that may or may not be relic.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Buse soils have slightly to strongly convex slopes in glacial moraines. Slope gradient ranges from 3 to 60 percent. The Buse soils formed in calcareous till of the Wisconsinan Age. Mean annual air temperature is about 2 to 7 degrees C. Mean annual precipitation is about 400 to 600 mm. Frost free days are 110 to 150 days. Elevation above sea level ranges from 300 to 760 meters.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Aastad,
Aazdahl,
Barnes,
Flom,
Forman,
Formdale,
Hamerly,
Langhei,
Sioux,
Svea,
Vienna, and
Waukon soils. Aastad and Svea soils have cambic horizons and thicker mollic epipedons. Barnes, Flom, Forman, Vienna and Waukon soils have Bw or Bt horizons, thicker sola and lack free calcium carbonate in the upper part of solum. Hamerly soils have aquic moisture regimes and have lower chroma in the upper part of the C horizon. Langhei soils do not have a mollic epipedon. Sioux soils are coarse textured and excessively drained.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Surface runoff is moderately low to very high depending on slopes. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately-high.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly cultivated on lower slopes. Principal crops are corn, soybeans, small grains, and hay. Steeper sloping areas are used for pasture and hayland. Native vegetation is mostly tall prairie grasses with some mid and short prairie grasses in the western part of the range. Limited extent of deciduous trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Minnesota, northeastern South Dakota, and eastern North Dakota. Extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Otter Tail County, Minnesota, 1951.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features are:
Mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 18 cm (A horizon);
Calcic horizon - the zone from 20 to 102 cm (Bk horizons)
Redoximorphic features found in the substratum may indicate rare or very rare saturation events of unknown duration.
Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 11th edition.
ADDITIONAL DATA:
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.