LOCATION BYINGTON CA
Established Series
PWV/DJL/DJE/ET
01/2023
BYINGTON SERIES
The Byington series consists of very deep, poorly drained soils formed in alluvium derived from mixed sources. Byington soils are on flood plains and have slopes of 0 to 2 percent. The mean annual precipitation is 16 inches and the mean annual temperature is 62 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, calcareous, thermic Aeric Fluvaquents
TYPICAL PEDON: Byington loam, on a nearly level slope of less than 1 percent in a rice field at 20 feet elevation. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated. When described on December 11, 1981, the soil was moist throughout.)
Ap1--0 to 8 inches; light olive gray (5Y 6/2) silt loam, dark olive gray (5Y 3/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick)
Ap2--8 to 13 inches; light olive gray (5Y 6/2) silt loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; slightly effervescent with disseminated lime; SAR 6; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.3); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick)
C1--13 to 20 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; common medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) mottles; (10YR 4/4) moist; massive; hard, friable, sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine tubular pores; slightly effervescent with disseminated lime; SAR 6.5; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (7 to 16 inches thick)
C2--20 to 26 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silty clay loam, black (5Y 2.5/2) moist; massive; hard, friable, sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine tubular pores; slightly effervescent with disseminated lime; SAR 7; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.5); abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
C3--26 to 42 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) silt loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; common medium faint dark gray (10YR 4/1) and grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) mottles; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine tubular pores; slightly effervescent with disseminated lime; SAR 6; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.4); clear smooth boundary. (14 to 18 inches thick)
C4--42 to 62 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silt loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; many fine prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4) and grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common very fine tubular pores with gray (10YR 5/1) mottles in pores; slightly effervescent with disseminated lime; SAR 3.5; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8).
TYPE LOCATION: Sutter County, California; approximately 1 mile north of Robbins on Reclamation Road, then 1.2 miles west on Seymore Road, then 1,800 feet south of Seymore Road on Field Road and 1,100 feet west on Field Road, then 20 feet north into rice field; 1,000 feet west and 3,050 feet north of the southeast corner sec. 21, T. 12 N., R. 2 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature is 60 degrees to 65 degrees F. The soil temperature is above 47 degrees F. the entire year. The difference between mean summer and mean winter soil temperatures is 30 degrees to 33 degrees F.
The soil between depths of 6 and 18 inches is usually dry in all parts from June to November unless irrigated and is moist the rest of the year. The 10 to 40 inch control section is stratified silt loam, silty clay loam and very fine sandy loam, with less than 15 percent fine sand or coarser material. Clay content ranges from 15 to 30 percent and averages more than 18 percent. Clay content typically ranges from 18 to 25 percent. Organic matter content decreases irregularly with depth. Reaction is moderately to very strongly alkaline. E.C. varies from 0.5 to 4.0 mmhos and SAR varies from 0 to 7.
The A horizon has dry color of 10YR 6/2; 2.5Y 6/2, 5/2 or 5Y 6/2 and moist color of 10YR 3/2; 2.5Y 4/2, 3/2 or 5/Y 3/2.
The C horizon has dry color of 10YR 6/3; 2.5Y 7/2, 6/2, 6/4 or 5Y 5/2 and moist color of 10YR 4/2; 2.5Y 5/2, 4/2, 3/2 or 5Y 2.5/2.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the
Westcamp series in the same family and the
Laugenour and
Shanghai (T) series in other families. Laugenour soils are coarse, loamy. Shanghai soils lack 2 chroma mottles at 20 inches. Westcamp soils are somewhat poorly drained, very slowly permeable with a buried clay layer and are saline, sodic in most of the soil profile.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Byington are on flood plains in areas between natural river levees and basins. These soils formed in alluvium from mixed sources. Elevations are 20 to 50 feet. Climate is subhumid with hot dry summers and cool, foggy, moist winters. Mean annual precipitation is 14 to 17 inches. Mean January temperature is 45 degrees F.; mean July temperature is 77 degrees F.; and mean annual temperature is 60 degrees to 64 degrees F. The frost free season is 260 to 280 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing
Shanghai soils, and the
Columbia and
Nueva soils. These soils are on natural river levees. Columbia soils are coarse, loamy. Nueva soils have mollic epipedons.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained; very slow runoff; moderate permeability. A water table occurs at 24 to 36 inches in December through April, and below 60 inches the rest of the year.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for irrigated cropland to produce rice, small grains and row crops.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeastern part of Sacramento Valley. Soils are not extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sutter County, California 1983. Series name is from Byington Road.
REMARKS: The activity class was added to the classification in January of 2003. Competing series were not checked at that time. - ET
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.