LOCATION BELLEVUE WI

Established Series
Rev. HFG-AAC
01/2011

BELLEVUE SERIES

The Bellevue series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils formed in stratified reddish alluvium on flood plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 787 mm (31 inches). Mean annual air temperature is about 7.8 degrees C (46 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Fluventic Hapludolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Bellevue silt loam - on a 2 percent slope in a pasture at an elevation of about 183 meters (600 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

A1--0 to 33 cm (0 to 13 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) crushed, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine fibrous roots; common fine and very fine and few medium continuous dendritic pores; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

A2--33 to 46 cm (13 to 18 inches); mixed very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) and very dark brown (10YR 2/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate medium and fine angular and subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine fibrous roots; common fine and very fine and medium continuous dendritic pores; many prominent reddish brown (5YR 4/4) worm casts; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the A horizons ranges from 31 to 51 cm (12 to 20 inches).]

Bw1--46 to 56 cm (18 to 22 inches); dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) silt loam; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine fibrous root; common fine and very fine and few medium continuous inped dendritic pores; many dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) worm casts; dark organic stains on some vertical faces of peds; few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. [5 to 18 cm (2 to 7 inches) thick]

Bw2--56 to 71 cm (22 to 28 inches); dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) loam; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common fine and very fine continuous inped dendritic pores; common fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; neutral; clear wavy boundary. [10 to 23 cm (4 to 9 inches) thick]

BC--71 to 91 cm (28 to 36 inches); reddish brown (5YR 4/4)) sandy loam; weak and moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine continuous inped dendritic pores; common medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; neutral; clear wavy boundary. [15 to 31 cm (6 to 12 inches) thick]

C1--91 to 117 cm (36 to 46 inches); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine continuous inped tubular pores; many medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. [13 to 38 cm (5 to 15 inches) thick]

C2--117 to 152 cm (46 to 60 inches); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silty clay loam; massive; firm; few fine tubular pores; many medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Brown County, Wisconsin; about 1/2 mile south of De Pere; 330 feet east of County Highway X at the point where it crosses the East River Bridge in Public Claim (P.C.) 38. USGS De Pere, Wisconsin Topographic quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 25 minutes 24 seconds N., and long. 88 degrees 02 minutes 24 seconds W., NAD 27.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 25 to 51 cm (10 to 20 inches)
Depth to the base of soil development: 61 to 122 cm (24 to 48 inches)
Particle-size control section: averages18 to 25 percent, 30 to 60 percent fine snad or corser
Rock fragments: 0 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline in the solum, mildly alkaline or moderately alkaline in the substratum
Redox accumulations and saturation: within 102 cm (40 inches) from the surafce for one month or more per year in 6 or more out of 10 years
Special features: These soils have an irregular decrease in organic carbon content with increasing depth.

A horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silt loam

Bw and/or BC horizons;
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 3 or 4
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: typically silt loam, loam or sandy loam
Other features:
Thin strata of finer or coarser texture are in the B horizons in some pedons.

C horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: commonly stratified layers of loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam, with thin layers of fine sandy loam, sandy loam, sand or fine sand

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Rossburg series. Rossburg soils have hue of 10YR in the middle and lower parts of the series control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Bellevue soils are on flood plains. Slopes range from 0 to 3 percent. Bellevue soils formed in stratified reddish silty and loamy alluvium. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 711 to 838 mm (28 to 33 inches). Mean annual air temperature ranges from 7.8 to 10.6 degrees C (46 to 51 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Bellevue soils typically occur in narrow flood plains and are associated mainly with upland or lake plain soils such as Kewaunee and Oshkosh. Kewaunee soils are clayey till soils and Oshkosh soils are clayey lacustrine soils.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. Surface runoff is low or medium. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high to high (4.23 to 14.11 micrometers per second). Permeability is moderate. Bellevue soils are subject to frequent but brief flooding. These soils have an apparent seasonal high water table within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches) for one month or more per year in 6 or more out of 10 years.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for pastureland and a few are in woodland. Small areas are used for cropland but crops are generally damaged by stream overflow. Native vegetation consists of mixed deciduous forests, dominated by northern red oak and sugar maple.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 95A, and 95B in eastern Wisconsin. This soil is of small extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Brown County, Wisconsin, 1970.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and feataures recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - 0 to 46 cm (0 to 18 inches) (A1, A2 ); cambic horizon - 46 to 91 cm (18 to 36 inches) (Bw1, Bw2, BC ); Oxyaquic feature redox accumulations and saturation within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches) for one month or more per year in 6 or more out of 10 years; other feature - irregular decrease in organic carbon content with increasing depth.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.