LOCATION BRUIN LA+MS
Established Series
WLD:JLD; Rev. JDS
10/2021
BRUIN SERIES
The Bruin series consists of deep, moderately well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in silty alluvium. These soils are on nearly level to very gently sloping convex natural levee positions on the alluvial plain of the Mississippi River. Slopes range from 0 to 3 percent.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, thermic Oxyaquic Eutrudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Bruin silt loam, in a cultivated field (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap1--0 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Ap2--6 to 11 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam; very friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common fine low continuity vesicular pores; 5 percent patchy prominent light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) silt coats on faces of peds; 1 percent fine faint spherical extremely weakly cemented yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) iron-manganese masses in matrix with sharp boundaries; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined A horizons are 4 to 14 inches thick)
Bw--11 to 20 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common fine low continuity vesicular pores; 5 percent patchy prominent light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) silt coats on faces of peds; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined Bw horizons are 5 to 40 inches thick)
C1--20 to 28 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) stratified very fine sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common fine low continuity vesicular pores; 1 percent fine faint spherical grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in matrix with clear boundaries; 3 percent fine and medium distinct spherical yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) iron-manganese masses in matrix with clear boundaries; neutral; clear wavy boundary.
C2--28 to 36 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) stratified silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common fine and medium low continuity vesicular pores; 15 percent discontinuous faint dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) clay films; 3 percent medium distinct spherical yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) iron-manganese masses in matrix with sharp boundaries; slightly alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary.
C3--36 to 41 inches; 60 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and 40 percent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) stratified loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common fine low continuity vesicular pores; 3 percent medium prominent spherical yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) iron-manganese masses in matrix with sharp boundaries; moderately alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary.
Ab--41 to 51 inches; very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common fine and medium low continuity vesicular pores; 5 percent fine faint spherical weakly cemented very dark gray (2.5Y 3/1) iron-manganese concretions in matrix with sharp boundaries; 25 percent medium prominent spherical strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) iron-manganese masses in matrix with sharp boundaries; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.
C'--51 to 57 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common fine low continuity vesicular pores; 5 percent coarse distinct spherical extremely weakly cemented yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) iron-manganese masses in matrix with sharp boundaries; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Ab'--57 to 66 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium low continuity vesicular pores; 1 percent fine prominent spherical weakly cemented black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions in matrix with sharp boundaries; 5 percent medium distinct spherical olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) iron-manganese masses in matrix with sharp boundaries; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
C''--66 to 71 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/3) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine and medium low continuity vesicular pores; 25 percent medium prominent spherical yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) iron-manganese masses in matrix with sharp boundaries; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Cg--71 to 81 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine and medium low continuity vesicular pores; 5 percent medium distinct spherical light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) iron-manganese masses in matrix with sharp boundaries; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Tensas Parish, Louisiana; located from the intersection of La. Hwy. 4 and La. Hwy. 605 in Newellton, 2.25 miles south on La. Hwy 605, then 900 feet west-southwest on field road, then 100 feet south of road in crop field.; Latitude 32 degrees, 2 minutes, 36.92 seconds N., and Longitude 91 degrees, 13 minutes, 18.67 seconds W.; E 1/4, Sec. 17, T12N, R12E Newellton, Louisiana USGS 7.5 Minute Quadrangle.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 18 to 40 inches.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is very fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam. Some pedons have an overwash of new material up to 10 inches thick that has texture of silty clay loam or silty clay. Reaction ranges from strongly acid through slightly alkaline.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. Iron depletions with chroma 2 or less are within 24 inches of the surface. Texture is very fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam. Reaction ranges from slightly acid through slightly alkaline.
A BC horizon is in some pedons. It has the same range in colors and textures as the Bw horizon. Reaction ranges from slightly acid through moderately alkaline.
The Ab horizon, where present has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is very fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam. Reaction ranges from slightly acid through moderately alkaline.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR through 5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 1 to 4 with iron depletions in shades of gray and iron accumulations in shades of brown. Texture is loamy fine sand, loamy very fine sand, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, loam, silty clay loam, or silt loam to a depth of 80 inches or more, and commonly the horizons are stratified. Reaction is slightly acid through moderately alkaline. Carbonate filaments or masses are present in some pedons.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family. Soils in closely related families include
Adler,
Commerce,
Convent,
Marietta,
Morganfield,
Riedtown,
Robinsonville, and
Thenas series. Riedtown soils formed mainly in alluvial sediments materials derrived from loess and have aquic conditions within a depth of 24 inches. Adler soils do not have a cambic horizon and have aquic conditions within a depth of 40 inches. Convent soils also have aquic conditions and have dominant chroma of 2 within a depth of 20 inches. Commerce soils have aquic conditions and have dominant chroma of 2 within a depth of 20 inches, and have 18 to 35 percent clay in the 10 to 40 inch control section. Marietta soils have 18 to 35 percent clay in the 10 to 40 inch control section. Morganfield and Robinsonville soils do not have a cambic horizon and do not have saturation within a depth of 40 inches for more than 30 cumulative days in normal years. Robinsonville soils also have more than 15 percent fine sand or coarser in the 10 to 40 inch control section. Thenas soils have more than 15 percent fine sand or coarser in the 10 to 40 inch control section and have aquic conditions within a depth of 24 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Bruin soils are on convex natural levee positions on the Mississippi River alluvial plain. Slope gradients are 0 to 3 percent. The soil formed in fairly recent alkaline Mississippi River silty alluvium. Most areas are protected by levees. The climate at the type location is warm and humid. The mean annual rainfall is about 52 inches, and mean annual temperature about 66 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the closely related
Commerce,
Convent, and
Robinsonville series, and the
Mhoon,
Newellton, and
Tunica series. Commerce and Convent soils are on lower natural levee positions. Robinsonville soils are on similar positions on the natural levees. Newellton and Tunica soils have a clayey surface and subsoil and are on lower positions on the natural levees. Mhoon soils have more than 18 percent clay in the 10 to 40 inch control section and are on lower positions on the natural levees.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; low rate of runoff; moderate permeability. The layers below 2 1/2 to 4 feet deep are wet for more than 30 cumulative days during December through March in normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Largely in cropland; cotton, corn, wheat and soybeans are the principal crops.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Lower Mississippi River alluvial plain - Arkansas, Louisiana, Tennessee, and Mississippi. The soils are of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AUBURN, ALABAMA
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Tensas Parish, Louisiana; 1970.
REMARKS: These soils were formerly included in the Commerce series. The series was retypified at another site near the original type location in 2001 and was reclassified as an Oxyaquic Eutrudept. The series was updated in 2004 to allow thin clayey overwash phases within the A horizon texture range.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
Ochric epipedon..............0 to 11 inches (A horizons)
Cambic horizon...............10 to 20 inches (Bw horizon)
Irregular organic carbon distribution....20 to 80 inches (Ab and C horizons)
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory analyses were run on samples from the type location pedon by NSSL, Lincoln, Ne. (S96LA-107-002)
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.