LOCATION CALALLEN TX
Established Series
JKW-SAK-KBH
01/2018
CALALLEN SERIES
The Calallen series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in loamy fluviomarine sediments in the Beaumont Formation of Late Pleistocene age. These nearly level soils are on flats on the South Texas Coastal Plain. Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 22 degrees C (72 degrees F) and mean annual precipitation is about 737 mm (29 in).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, hyperthermic Pachic Argiustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Calallen sandy clay loam--on a 0.5 percent slope in cropland; elevation is 23 m (75 ft) (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 21 cm (0 to 8 in); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) sandy clay loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; moderate medium subangular structure; slightly hard, friable; common very fine to medium roots; common very fine and fine tubular and common medium tubular pores; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the A horizon is 10 to 46 cm [4 to 18 in])
Bt--21 to 66 cm (8 to 26 in); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) clay loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; moderate medium angular blocky; shard, friable; common very fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; 20 percent faint very dark gray (10YR 3/1) clay films on surfaces of peds; neutral; clear wavy boundary.
Btk1--66 to 73 cm (26 to 29 in); dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; hard, friable; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 40 percent distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) clay films on surfaces of peds; 1 percent medium masses of calcium carbonate; 1 percent fine dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) iron-manganese masses with sharp boundaries in matrix; very slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
Btk2--73 to 113 cm (29 to 44 in); 60 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and 40 percent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sandy clay loam, 60 percent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist, and 40 percent dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; slightly hard, friable; few very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 30 percent distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on surfaces of peds; 1 percent fine nodules of calcium carbonate; 4 percent fine masses of calcium carbonate; 5 percent medium masses of calcium carbonate; 2 percent coarse masses of calcium carbonate; 1 percent fine dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) iron-manganese masses with sharp boundaries in matrix; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 58 to 86 cm [23 to 34 in])
Btk3--113 to 144 cm (45 to 57 in); 60 percent light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) sandy clay loam, and 40 percent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2); moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate coarse angular blocky; slightly hard, friable; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 30 percent prominent dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on surfaces of peds; 1 percent fine nodules of calcium carbonate; 1 percent fine masses of calcium carbonate; 5 percent medium masses of calcium carbonate; 3 percent coarse masses of calcium carbonate; 1 percent fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) iron-manganese masses with sharp boundaries in matrix; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
Btk4--144 to 165 cm (57 to 65 in); light gray (2.5Y 7/2) sandy clay loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) moist; moderate very coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate very coarse angular blocky; slightly hard, friable; 10 percent distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay films on surfaces of peds; 10 percent distinct cracks 1 cm to 2 cm wide filled with dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay; 1 percent fine nodules of calcium carbonate; 4 percent medium masses of calcium carbonate; 8 percent coarse masses of calcium carbonate; 1 percent fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) iron-manganese masses with sharp boundaries lining pores; slightly effervescent; strongly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btk horizons is 91 to 147 cm [36 to 58].)
Btk5--165 to 203 cm (65 to 80 in); light gray (2.5Y 7/2) sandy clay loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) moist; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak very coarse subangular blocky structure; friable, moderately hard; 8 percent distinct very pale brown (10YR 8/2) clay films on surfaces of peds; 3 percent distinct cracks 5 mm to 1 cm wide filled with dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay; 1 percent fine nodules of calcium carbonate; 3 percent medium masses of calcium carbonate; 5 percent coarse masses of calcium carbonate; 1 percent fine prominent dark brown (10YR 3/3) iron-manganese masses with sharp boundaries in matrix; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: San Patricio County, Texas; from the intersection of State Highway 359 and Farm to Market Road 796 in Tynan; about 1.3 miles south west on State Highway 359 to County Road 18; 4.75 miles southeast on County Road 18 to County Road 19; about 0.7 miles southwest on County Road 19 to County Road 24; about 255 ft east on County Road 24 and 60 ft north in cropland.(Latitude: 28 degrees 6 minutes 10.6 seconds N; Longitude: 97 degrees 43 minutes 7.4 seconds W.; NAD 83).
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: An ustic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is from 10 to 30 cm below the surface. It is dry in some or all parts for more than 90 cumulative days in normal years. June through August and December through February are the driest months. These soils are intermittently moist in September through November and March through May.
Mean annual soil temperature: 22.2 to 22.8 degrees C (71 to 73 degrees F)
Depth to argillic horizon: 10 to 46 cm (4 to 18 in)
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 41 to 97 cm (16 to 38 in)
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 51 to 97 cm (20 to 38 in)
Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 28 to 33 percent
CEC/clay ratio: 0.60 to 0.80
Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 to 4
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: sandy clay loam, loam, or fine sandy loam
Clay content: 13 to 27 percent
Electrical Conductivity (dS/m): 0 to 1
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 0 to 4
Reaction: slightly acid slightly alkaline
Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam, or sandy clay
Clay content: 23 to 38 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-0 to 2 percent, size-fine, contrast-faint or distinct, boundary-sharp, location-lining pores, shades-brown or yellow
Electrical Conductivity (dS/m): 0 to 2
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 0 to 4
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline
Btk horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 8
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: sandy clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 30 to 35 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-0 to 5, size-fine or medium, contrast-faint or distinct, boundary-sharp, location-lining pores or in matrix, shades-brown or yellow
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Identifiable secondary carbonates: amount-5 to 25 percent, size-fine to coarse, kind-masses or nodules, location-in matrix
Gypsum: 0 to 2 percent
Electrical Conductivity (dS/m): 0 to 4
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 3 to 12
Effervescence: slight to strong
Reaction: slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: This is the
Christine (TX) and
Czar (TX) series in the same family. Similar soils are the
Clareville (TX),
Cranell (TX), and
Racombes (TX) series.
Christine soils: somewhat poorly drained; have Electrical Conductivity of 4 to 16 dS/m in the upper Bt horizons; have a C horizon.
Clareville and
Cranell soils: have a fine particle-size control section
Czar soils: are in a slightly drier climate and average less than 28 percent silicate clay in the particle-size control section
Racombes soils: have active cation-exchange activity class and have subsoil horizons with colors redder than 10YR
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: Loamy fluviomarine sediments in the Beaumont Formation of Late Pleistocene age
Landscape: coastal plain
Landform: nearly level slightly convex soils on broad flats of the South Texas Coastal Plain
Slope: 0 to 1 percent
Mean annual air temperature range: 21.7 to 22.8 degrees C (71 to 73 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation range: 660 to 940 mm (26 to 37 in)
Precipitation Pattern: May, June, July, September, and October are the wettest months with averages from 64 to 193 mm (2.5 to 7.5 in) of rain per month. November through April are the driest months with averages from 38 to 50 mm (1.5 to 2 in) of rain per month.
Frost-free period: 301 to 365 days
Elevation: 4.6 to 46 m (15 to 150 ft)
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 32 to 44
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Banquete,
Cranell,
Edroy, and
Victoria series.
Banquete soils: have a clayey surface texture and are on swales of flats
Cranell soils: have a clayey subsoil and are on a similar to slightly lower landforms
Edroy series: are clayey throughout and are in enclosed depressions.
Victoria soils: are clayey throughout and are on flats
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderate. Runoff is negligible.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for mainly for crop production and also for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. Crops are mainly cotton, grain sorghum, and corn. Native vegetation consists of bundleflower, gayfeather, Indiangrass, little bluestem, paspalum, plains bristlegrass, and sensitivebrier. The ecological site is Loamy Prairie, PE 31-44 (150AY535TX).
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Gulf Coast Prairie (MLRA 150A in LRR T) of the Coastal Bend of southern Texas. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Kleberg County, Texas; 2007. The name is from a town in Nueces County near the type location. The series type location was moved to San Patricio County as a result of the Soil Data Join and Recorrelation initiative.
REMARKS: The series was formerly included in the Orelia and Racombes series.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle size control section: 20 to 70 cm. (8 to 28 in) (Bt1, Bt2 and, Bt3 horizons)
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 66 cm. (0 to 26 in) (A, Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
Argillic horizon: 20 to 203 cm. (8 to 80 in) (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Btk1, Btk2, and Btk3 horizons)
Redoximorphic concentrations: 36 to 140 cm. (14 to 55 in) (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, and Btk1 horizons)
The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is supported by local laboratory data from the type location from Nueces County, Texas.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Texas A&M University Soil Characterization Laboratory data from a representative location on sample S05TX-355-004.
Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.