LOCATION CALNEVA CAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Typic Natrargids
TYPICAL PEDON: Calneva silt loam--on a nearly level lake terrace under black greasewood, shadscale, and bud sagebrush at 4,008 feet elevation--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted. When described on June 5, 1978 the soil was dry to 16 inches and nearly dry from 16 to 44 inches).
A--0 to 2 inches; light gray (2.5Y 7/2) silt loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; moderate medium and thick platy structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine and fine roots; many very fine and fine vesicular and interstitial pores; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt wavy boundary.
E--2 to 6 inches; very pale brown (10YR 8/2) silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate thick and very thick platy structure; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine roots; many very fine vesicular and interstitial pores; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the A and E horizons is 4 to 12 inches)
Btnk--6 to 16 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silty clay, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate fine and medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium angular blocky; hard, friable, very sticky and very plastic; common very fine and few fine and medium roots; common very fine tubular pores; many faint clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; strongly effervescent; secondary carbonates segregated as few fine filaments; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 14 inches thick)
Bk--16 to 36 inches; light gray (2.5Y 7/2) loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, moderately sticky and slightly plastic; few fine and medium roots; many very fine tubular pores; few fine distinct brown (10YR 5/3) relict masses of iron accumulation, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; violently effervescent; secondary carbonates segregated as few fine filaments; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt wavy boundary. (9 to 21 inches thick)
2C1--36 to 46 inches; very pale brown (10YR 8/2) and light gray (10YR 7/2) stratified loam and shells, pale brown (10YR 6/3) and brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine and medium roots; common very fine interstitial and few very fine tubular pores; horizon consists of strata of loam and sand-size (0.5 to 1 mm) ostracod shells; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) relict masses of iron accumulation, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 13 inches thick)
2C2--46 to 72 inches; pale yellow (2.5Y 8/2) stratified silt loam and silty clay loam, olive (5Y 5/3) moist; massive and weak very thick platy structure; hard and very hard; friable and firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; no roots; no pores; many fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and reddish brown (5YR 5/4) relict masses of iron accumulation, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; 10 percent 20 to 40 mm irregular shaped concretions of silica and carbonates; at a depth of 46 to 48 inches is a layer of stratified sand and fine sand with few 2 to 5 mm gravel; few flat iron-manganese concretions at 48 inches; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Lassen County, California; in Honey Lake Valley near Herlong Siding and the north entrance of the Sierra Army Depot; 4,800 feet southeast along railroad tracks from north entrance of the depot and about 500 feet due north of the railroad; approximately 2,500 feet east and 2,600 feet north of the southwest corner of section 19, T. 28 N., R. 17 E.; USGS Spencer Creek 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; 40 degrees 16 minutes 02 seconds north latitude and 120 degrees 06 minutes 06 seconds west longitude, NAD27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture - These soils are dry in all parts of the moisture control section (6 to 15 inches) from April 15 to November 15 (215 days) and moist in all parts from December 15 to March 15; The soil temperature exceeds 41 degrees F. from March 1 to December 1 (275 Days) and exceeds 47 degrees F. from April 15 to November 15; Typic aridic moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature - 53 to 56 degrees F.
Depth to base of natric horizon - 14 to 24 inches.
Depth to secondary carbonates - 6 to 24 inches.
Depth to stratified 2C horizons - 35 to 45 inches.
Particle-size control section - Clay content: 35 to 50 percent; Sand content: Less than 15 percent.
A and E horizons - Dry color: 10YR 7/2, 8/2; 2.5Y 7/2 and 8/2.
Moist color: 10YR 4/2, 5/3, 6/3; 2.5Y 4/2, 5/4 or 6/4.
Clay content: 15 to 20 percent.
Effervescence: Strongly effervescent or violently effervescent.
Btnk horizon - Dry color: 10YR 6/3, 7/3; 2.5Y 6/2 or 7/2.
Moist color: 10YR 3/4, 5/3 or 2.5Y 4/2.
Texture: Silty clay loam or silty clay.
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.
Salinity (EC): 4 to 16 mmhos/cm.
Sodicity (SAR): 13 to 100.
Effervescent: Strongly effervescent or violently effervescent.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 2 to 5 percent.
Other features: Some pedons lack secondary carbonates.
Bk horizon - Dry color: 10YR 6/3; 2.5Y 7/2 or 7/4.
Moist color: 10YR 5/3 or 2.5Y 5/4.
Texture: Loam, silt loam, or clay loam.
Clay content: 20 to 30 percent.
Sand content: 15 to 30 percent.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 2 to 5 percent.
Salinity (EC): 4 to 16 mmhos/cm.
Sodicity (SAR): 13 to 100.
2C horizons - Dry color: 10YR 7/2, 7/3, 8/2; 2.5Y 7/2, 8/2 or 5Y 7/4.
Moist color: 10YR 4/3, 5/3, 6/3; 2.5Y 6/4; 5Y 4/4 or 5/3.
Texture: Stratified sand to silty clay loam.
Clay content: 10 to 30 percent.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.
Salinity (EC): 4 to 32 mmhos/cm.
Sodicity (SAR): 13 to 200.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Buckaroo, Effington, Kleinbush, Meeteetse, Ultra, Uvada, and Uzona series.
Buckaroo soils have 25 to 50 percent gravel in horizons within 40 inches of the soil surface and have more than 15 percent sand in the natric horizon. Effington soils have natric horizons with 15 to 45 percent sand and have mean annual soil temperature of 48 to 51 degrees F. Kleinbush soils have more than 15 percent sand in the natric horizon. Meeteetse soils have natric horizons with hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, are more moist in spring and summer months, and have mean annual soil temperature of 47 to 51 degrees F. Ultra soils have depth to base of the natric horizon of 7 to 13 inches and do not have horizons with identifiable secondary carbonates. Uvada soils do not have horizons with identifiable secondary carbonates and are more moist in the summer months. Uzona soils formed in alluvium derived from sandstone and shale, have visible soluble salts, and are more moist in the summer months.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Calneva soils are on lake terraces and usually occur with small, irregularly shaped playas. These soils formed in lacustrine deposits derived from mixed igneous rocks such as andesite, basalt, and granodiorite. Slopes are 0 to 1 percent. Low hummocks are a common microfeature on these soils. Elevation ranges from 4,000 to 4,010 feet. The climate is arid with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 6 to 9 inches. The mean annual temperature is 49 to 52 degrees F., the mean January temperature is about 30 degrees F., and the mean July temperature is about 68 degrees F. The frost-free period is 100 to 130 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Epot and Wespac soils. Epot soils are fine-silty. Wespac soils are fine-loamy.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; low surface runoff; slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Calneva soils are used for rangeland. The vegetation is mainly shadscale, black greasewood, spiny hopsage, and bud sagebrush.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern California. These soils are not extensive with about 6,500 acres of the series mapped to date. MLRA 23, 27.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lassen County (Susanville Area Soil Survey), California, 2000.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 6 inches (A and E horizons).
Albic horizon - The zone from 2 to 6 inches (E horizon).
Natric horizon - The zone from 6 to 16 inches (Btnk horizon).
Identifiable secondary carbonates - The zone from 6 to 36 inches (Btnk and Bk horizons).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 6 to 16 inches (Btnk horizon).