LOCATION CAMPUS KS+CO NE NMEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, mesic Typic Calciustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Campus loam - rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 8 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine and medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable; numerous worm casts; few small hard caliche fragments; strong effervescence; mildly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 18 inches thick)
Bw--8 to 16 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; numerous worm casts; common small hard fragments of caliche; violent effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
Bk--16 to 30 inches; very pale brown (10YR 8/3) loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) moist; massive; hard, firm; hard caliche fragments comprise about 15 percent of volume and soft masses of lime about 15 percent of volume; violent effervescence; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (6 to 28 inches thick)
R--30 inches; consolidated, white (10YR 8/2) caliche.
TYPE LOCATION: Lane County, Kansas; 8.3 miles east and 0.6 miles south of Dighton; 1650 feet east and 1520 feet north of the southwest corner, sec. 21, T. 18 S., R. 27 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the solum ranges from 12 to 20 inches. The mollic epipedon ranges from 7 to 20 inches in thickness. Depth to the calcic horizon is less than 24 inches; calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 25 to 40 percent. Depth to bedrock ranges from 20 to 40 inches.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5 and 2 or 3 moist, and chroma of 1 to 3. It commonly is loam or clay loam but includes sandy loam and silty clay loam. It is mildly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 5 to 7 and 3 to 5 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is loam or clay loam. It is mildly or moderately alkaline. Some pedons lack Bw horizons and may have AC horizons with colors and textures like the Bw horizons.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR, value 6 to 8 and 5 to 7 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is loam or clay loam. Coarse fragments make up to 20 percent of the C horizon by volume.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Ethan and Penden series in the same family and the Canlon, Canyon, Carlson, Clark, Elkader, Mansker, Mansic, and Wakeen series. Ethan soils do not have bedrock within depths of 40 inches and have slightly cooler mean annual temperature. Penden soils have less than 25 percent calcium carbonate equivalent within 24 inches of the surface. Canlon soils have hard caliche at depths less than 20 inches. Canyon soils have a paralithic contact at depths less than 20 inches. Carlson soils have an argillic horizon and have fine textures. Clark, Mansic, and Mansker soils are thermic. Elkader and Wakeen soils are fine-silty.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Campus soils are on gently sloping to strongly sloping erosional uplands. Slope gradients range from 1 to 15 percent. The soil is formed in highly calcareous, partially consolidated old alluvium, or residuum weathered thereof, modified by a component of calcareous, silty eolian sediments. The mean annual temperature varies from 50 to 57 degrees F, and the mean annual precipitation varies from 18 to 25 inches. Thornthwaite Annual P-E Index ranges from 32 to 46.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Canlon, Carlson, Harney, Penden, and Uly soils. The Canlon, Canyon, Carlson, and Penden soils are on similar positions. Harney soils are on nearby nearly level to gently sloping loess uplands. The Uly soils are on similar positions as the Campus soils, but developed in a thick layer of loess.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff is medium to rapid. Permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly used as native range with some areas on gentle slopes cropped to wheat. Native vegetation is mostly grass with sideoats grama, big bluestem, and little bluestem as the dominant species.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: West-central and northwestern Kansas, south-central Nebraska, New Mexico, and eastern Colorado. The series is extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lane County, Kansas, 1970.